The invention discloses a preparation method for improving the waterproof performance of a paper cup. The preparation method includes the following steps of mixing locust bean gum and sweet potato starch with water for pregelatinization, adding polyethylene glycol 4000 for uniform mixing, adding polyether amine D230 and tri-(dimethylamino methyl)phenol for uniform mixing, conducting vacuum degassing, adjusting the temperature for stirring, and conducting cooling, drying and smashing to obtain a first material; mixing straw stalks with locust tree bark, conducting disc grinding to obtain pulp,adjusting the concentration of the pulp, adding the first material, and stirring the mixture to obtain a second material; adding methyl silicone oil, paraffin and cocamidopropyl betaine into the second material for uniform mixing, then adding montmorillonite, trimethylethoxysilane, organic-silicone polymerized emulsion, bentonite and silicon carbide powder for uniform mixing, pumping the mixture into a die for paper pulp molding, making the mixture subjected to adsorption forming and then dried into raw paper, and conducting rolling, hot press, cropping and bonding forming to obtain the waterproof paper cup.