The invention discloses a vertical shaft wind-driven generation system structure and a control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of wind-driven generation. The structure comprises a bracket, a fixed pitch angle blade, a top combination component, a generator and a bottom combination component, wherein the top combination component consists of a bearing and top chassis; the bottom combination component comprises a braking device, a data gathering and controlling module, an energy consumption resistor and a base; the structure is characterized in that a fixed connecting rod in prior art is replaced by a middle control combination with adjustable and controllable pitch angle. The control method of the structure comprises the steps of: (1) setting an allowable value; (2) making the blade of a pitch variable fan vertical to the ground; (3) sampling an output signal regularly; (4) making a comparison between the collected value and the set value; (5) determining whether the collecting value is beyond the set value, if so, carrying out step (6), if not so, carrying out step (7); (6) making the blade of the pitch variable fan parallel to the ground; (7) changing the windward angle, and performing (8); (8) determining whether the wind speed is more than the rated wind speed, if so, access an energy consumption resistor, and returning to step (3); if not so, carrying out step (9); and (9) determining whether current wind speed is less than the accessed wind speed, if so, stopping operating the system, if not so, returning to step (3).