The invention relates to a high-quality dolomite-periclase-calcium zirconate composite fireproof material suitable for smelting stainless steel, special steel AOD furnace and refining ladles. The adopted raw materials mainly comprise, by weight, 8-10% of magnesium calcium sand with a particle size of 5-8 mm, 9-18% of magnesium calcium sand with a particle size of 3-5 mm, 10-22% of magnesium calcium sand with a particle size of 1-3 mm, 5-10% of calcium zirconate with a particle size of 0.5-1 mm, 5-10% of magnesia with a particle size of 0.5-1 mm, 3-10% of 600 mesh electric melting calcium zirconate, 15-24% of magnesia with a particle size of less than or equal to 0.5 mm, 3-10% of 400 mesh 98 large crystal magnesia, 1-3% of a binding agent, and 1-2% of a sintering agent, wherein the raw materials are subjected to mixing, molding, sintering, finished product inspection, package and other steps to prepare the material.