The invention relates to a riverway floating object clearing device. The device comprises two fixing seats, sieve plates are arranged between the two fixing seats, the sieve plates comprise main sieve plates, supporting frames and top plates, a front plate is fixedly arranged on the surfaces of the front sides of the fixing seats, a detection plate is fixedly arranged on the surface of the front side of the front plate, mounting blocks are uniformly arranged on the top surface of the detection plate, elastic rods are fixedly arranged at the tops of the mounting blocks, and conveying tracks are arranged at the tops of the fixing seats. According to the riverway floating object clearing device, the fixing seats, the sieve plates, the conveying tracks, driving seats and other parts are arranged, the sieve plates are positioned between the two fixing seats, garbage passing through the fixing seats is filtered and isolated, and the sieve plates can be grabbed to drive the sieve plates to move through the matching relation between hydraulic lifting rods and mechanical grippers, so that the sieve plates can be moved to the river bank garbage treatment position, the two sieve plates work alternately, and the device can quickly and conveniently recover and clear the garbage.