The invention discloses filter membrane equipment adopting self-coupling mounting, and belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly sewage treatment. A membrane element is arranged in a frame, and the filter membrane equipment is immersed in sewage in an MBR aerobic biochemical pool and comprises a slide rail system, a water retaining system, a lower aeration system, an upper aeration system, a cleaning water pump, a cleaning agent box, a fan, a water producing pump and valves; water outside a filter membrane enters the inner side of the filter membrane through the surface of the filter membrane under negative pressure suction of the water producing pump and flows out through a water producing pipe, and pollutants are retained outside the filter membrane; the membrane element isconvenient to take out by arrangement of slide rails, and offline regenerative cleaning is facilitated; when operation is stopped for a long time or operation is not suitable for sewage treatment, water baffles on the periphery are inserted into grooves, clear water is injected into the frame, the membrane element is isolated from the sewage, so that the membrane element cannot be polluted by thesewage, and by design of an aeration cavity, the upper aeration system and breather pipes in the middle of a membrane bundle, the pollutants cannot be accumulated in the membrane element easily.