60 results about "Cell ageing" patented technology

The invention relates to a phenylacetylglutamine / phenylacetylglycine induced vascular smooth muscle cell senescence model and an establishment method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cell models.The method comprises the following steps that vascular smooth muscle cell suspension is placed in a porous plate, 10% of FBS and 1% of mycillin are added into a culture medium, 24 h after cells adhere to the wall, the vascular smooth muscle cell senescence model is obtained, and the vascular smooth muscle cell senescence model is obtained. The method comprises the following steps of: adding a proper amount of phenylacetyl glutamine or phenylacetyl glycine dimethyl sulfoxide solution into a porous plate, changing a serum-free culture medium, continuously culturing for 24 hours, adding a proper amount of phenylacetyl glutamine or phenylacetyl glycine dimethyl sulfoxide solution into the porous plate, changing the culture medium added with phenylacetyl glutamine or phenylacetyl glycine once every 24 hours, and collecting cells after 72 hours. According to the invention, phenylacetylglutamine / phenylacetylglycine is used for inducing and establishing the vascular smooth muscle cell senescence model for the first time, the method is easy to operate and low in cost, and a foundation is laid for researching the relationship between cardiovascular diseases and senescence.

The invention provides an anti-aging composition as well as a preparation method, a skin care product and application thereof. The anti-aging composition is prepared from a C6-C3-C6 skeleton compound, cationic amino acid and beta-alanyl hydroxyprolyl diaminobutyric acid benzylamine. The C6-C3-C6 structural compound is natural plant extracts such as quercetin, baicalin and the like, and has excellent oxidation resistance and high safety. Cell and in-vitro experiments prove that the combined action of the three components can effectively reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhance the anti-inflammatory action, thereby delaying the cell senescence process. On the basis, carbon dioxide is injected into the anti-aging composition, so that the anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory capacities of the anti-aging composition are further improved. In addition, the preparation process of the anti-aging composition is simple, the safety and the anti-aging performance of the anti-aging composition are evaluated through various cell experiments and human body trials, and the anti-aging composition is suitable for human skin and can be widely added into various skin care products such as face cream, emulsion and essence.

The application relates to application of semaglutide in preparation of a medicine for treating or delaying ovarian aging, and through a natural aging mouse model, a cell aging model and transcriptome analysis, it is first proved that semaglutide can significantly increase the number of follicles and reduce the level of aging markers, and from a molecular level, it is revealed that the mechanism of realizing multi-target point delay of ovarian aging is that semaglutide realizes multi-target point delay of ovarian aging through regulating an adipocyte cytokine signal pathway, inhibiting excessive cell division and regulating an NF-kappa B signal pathway. As a marketed drug, semaglutide has clear safety, a long half-life and high patient compliance, and has a significant clinical conversion prospect. The application breaks through the limitation that existing hormone replacement therapy and assisted reproductive technology can only treat symptoms or solve the problem of fertility, provides a first drug intervention strategy which can fundamentally delay the process of follicle depletion, and fills the blank in the field of ovarian aging treatment.

The invention discloses application of ellagic acid in preparation of a medicine or a biological product for preventing or relieving ultraviolet radiation damage and aging, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicine and radiation protection. Experimental verification shows that ellagic acid with effective concentration can promote expression of antioxidant related genes, reduce expression of inflammation response genes and expression of apoptosis related genes, eliminate active oxygen and inhibit lipid peroxidation reaction, so that oxidative damage, inflammatory reaction and apoptosis caused by ultraviolet radiation are effectively relieved, and the anti-inflammatory effect of ellagic acid is improved. The stress tolerance of an organism is improved, and the aging health risk induced by ultraviolet radiation is relieved; the medicine or biological product can be applied before and / or after exposure of ultraviolet radiation, and is suitable for preventing or relieving oxidative damage and cell aging caused by ultraviolet radiation. The invention provides a new way for developing safe and effective ultraviolet radiation protection and anti-aging preparations.

The invention discloses a nano vesicle with tissue targeting and mitochondrial localization as well as preparation and application of the nano vesicle. The nano-vesicle is a nucleus pulposus cell membrane entrapped with a small molecule mitochondrial membrane stabilizer, and tetra-acetylated N-acetamido mannose is added in the culture process of nucleus pulposus cells, so that a sialic acid derivative with an azide group is expressed on the surface of the nucleus pulposus cell membrane. Therefore, triphenylphosphine cations are modified on the surface of the nucleus pulposus cell membrane through a biological orthogonal reaction. The nano-vesicle can stabilize a mitochondrial membrane structure, improve cell aging-related secretion phenotype release and mitochondrial functions, block mtDNA release and SASP factor generation, realize anti-aging, anti-inflammatory and tissue degeneration intervention, can be used for preparing intervention drugs for tissue degeneration diseases related to mitochondrial membrane damage, and has broad application prospects. Or a drug for regulating mtDNA leakage and SASP release in a cell aging model. Wide application prospects and important clinical transformation values are realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of cosmetics, in particular to a compound active peptide with functions of resisting aging and whitening skin and application of the compound active peptide. Comprising acetyl hexapeptide-1, nonapeptide-1, acetyl tetrapeptide-11, hexapeptide-9 and palmitoyl hexapeptide-12. The compound peptide disclosed by the invention can play a synergistic anti-aging and whitening role on an epidermal layer and a corium layer, and has multiple advantages; the compound peptide acts on epidermal layer keratinocytes, dermal layer fibroblasts and B16F10 cells, and can be used for detecting the senescence of the cells by influencing the expression quantity of cell senescence marker genes, influencing the cell cycle, influencing the expression quantity of extracellular matrix related proteins, influencing melanin synthesis and influencing the secretion quantity of acetylcholine in the cells. Multiple skin anti-aging and whitening effects synergistically exerted on the epidermal layer and the corium layer are achieved.

The invention discloses an application of pseudo-ginsenoside RT5 in preparation of anti-cell and overall aging products. Pseudoginsenoside RT5 is protocatechol type saponin, and it is proved for the first time that pseudoginsenoside RT5 has remarkable anti-aging activity. In-vitro experiments show that the pseudoginsenoside RT5 relieves cell senescence through a multi-target mechanism (such as improvement of cell viability, reduction of SA-beta-gal and inhibition of SASP), and particularly, the average inhibition rate of the pseudoginsenoside RT5 to reactive oxygen species (ROS) reaches up to 62.9%. An in-vivo zebra fish experiment further verifies the overall anti-aging effect, and the SA-beta-gal staining index score in a D-galactose induced rapid aging model can be remarkably reduced. The pseudo-ginsenoside RT5 provided by the invention is derived from medicinal and edible plants, has the advantages of high safety and suitability for long-term use, and provides an efficient and multi-target acting natural active ingredient for preparing anti-aging products (such as foods, medicines, skin care products, cosmetics and the like).

The application provides an application of scEMC10 in treatment and diagnosis of brain vascular endothelial cell aging, and relates to the technical field of biomedicine. The inventor finds that scEMC10 deficiency leads to brain microvascular endothelial cell aging; brain microvascular endothelial cells treated by scEMC10 can down-regulate beta-galactosidase, SASP and classic aging markers related to aging; after old mice and 5XFAD model mice of Alzheimer's disease are supplemented with scEmc10, the movement coordination ability and spatial cognitive ability of the mice can be obviously improved, and the relative content of the Parkinson's disease marker, phosphorylated alpha-synuclein, of the old mice can be obviously reduced, and the content of the tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation activity form can be increased. Therefore, scEMC10 can be used for treatment of brain microvascular endothelial cell aging, improvement of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, and detection of brain microvascular endothelial cell aging as a marker.

The invention discloses a pilose antler active peptide and application thereof in anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and anti-aging, and belongs to the technical field of biology. According to the invention, the brand-new active peptide SPLASDLDL screened out from pilose antler for the first time is utilized, and competitive inhibition on TNFR1 is realized through the characteristic that the brand-new active peptide SPLASDLDL is specifically combined with a TNFR1 receptor. A constructed sertoli cell senescence model proves that the polypeptide has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and anti-senescence effects. The invention successfully solves the technical problem that in the prior art, the competitive inhibition TNFR1 targeting peptide cannot be found from pilose antler and the action mechanism of the TNFR1 targeting peptide cannot be clarified, and provides the action mechanism and scientific basis for developing novel anti-inflammatory and anti-aging drugs derived from natural products.

The application relates to application of a reagent for detecting expression levels of a PSIP1 gene or a coded protein LEDGF / p75 in preparation of a product for evaluating systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity, which makes up for the problems of insufficient sensitivity and specificity of existing evaluation indexes; the application also discloses a key role of the PSIP1 gene in a pathogenesis mechanism of systemic lupus erythematosus, and clearly shows the relationship between the PSIP1 gene in T cells and cell cycle arrest, cell aging and abnormal immune function, so as to provide a theoretical basis for target regulation of the PSIP1 to improve T cell function and delay or block disease progression; the application firstly proposes that the expression levels of the PSIP1 / LEDGF / p75 are detected to be used for evaluating systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity, auxiliary diagnosis, prognosis prediction and treatment effect monitoring, so as to provide a brand-new tool and direction for precise diagnosis, activity evaluation, prognosis judgment and future target treatment development of systemic lupus erythematosus.

The invention discloses a Weissella sinus strain as well as a fermentation product filtrate and a biological product thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cosmetics. The strain can be used in the field of cosmetics, has excellent HAS inhibition capability, also has remarkable DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging capability, and can realize a good antioxidant effect; secondly, under various concentrations, fermentation product filtrate can remarkably reduce the proportion of SA-beta-Gal positive cells, gene expression of various matrix metalloproteinases can be remarkably inhibited, and a certain effect of reducing cell senescence markers is achieved; in addition, the fermentation product filtrate can inhibit the activity of tyrosinase in vitro, can also significantly inhibit the generation of melanin in a zebra fish model, and has the potential of being used as a tyrosinase inhibitor or a melanin generation inhibitor; the fermentation product filtrate can also significantly inhibit the secretion amount of a cell inflammatory factor NO, has a good soothing effect, and has a certain ability to regulate the skin micro-ecology.

The invention discloses a plant lactobacillus for producing various active small molecules by fermenting truffles and resisting skin cell aging in multiple mechanisms, and belongs to the technical field of microorganisms. The lactobacillus plantarum CCFM1494 obtained by screening can be used for fermenting the white truffle, degrading cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, and generating a plurality of active small molecules such as hesperetin, phloretin, ganoderenic acid D, gallic acid, myricetin, protocatechuic acid and the like; meanwhile, after the white truffle is fermented by the plant lactobacillus CCFM1494, the promotion effect of the white truffle on the synthesis of skin collagen and the improvement effect on cell senescence can be improved. Therefore, the lactobacillus plantarum CCFM1494 has a huge application prospect in preparation of products for improving skin quality.

The present application provides a composition with satiety and weight control and anti-aging, and a preparation method and application thereof. The composition comprises the following raw materials by weight: polysaccharide 11-13 parts, fiber powder 20-25 parts, highland barley powder 12-18 parts, compound powder 18-23 parts, pectin 4-8 parts, ganoderma lucidum powder 6-9 parts, and compound protein 8-12 parts, and relates to the technical field of satiety and weight control and anti-aging compositions. The composition can form an effect of hindering nutrient absorption or prolonging gastric emptying, increase the volume of intestinal contents to achieve satiety, thereby achieving the functions of well controlling weight gain and reducing body weight. In addition, the composition can activate the body's antioxidant enzyme system, improve the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduce the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), thereby delaying cell aging and achieving the anti-aging effect.

The invention discloses a pGC-1alpha activator composition and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicine and anti-aging, the pGC-1alpha activator composition comprises an active component, a delivery system and a synergistic component, and can also comprise pharmaceutically or food acceptable carriers or auxiliary materials. The active component directly activates a PGC-1alpha signal channel and promotes mitochondrial biosynthesis; the delivery system realizes targeted delivery; the synergistic components form a multi-way synergistic anti-aging effect. The composition can be applied to the field of cosmetics to improve the activity of skin cells and reduce senescence phenotypes; the compound is applied to the field of medicines for treating mitochondrial dysfunction related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and sarcopenia; the method is applied to the field of regenerative medicine to enhance survival and function maintenance after stem cell transplantation. The mitochondrial function is recovered by directly regulating and controlling the PGC-1alpha, cell aging is delayed from the source, compared with a traditional antioxidant, the antioxidant has more advantages, systematic toxicity is reduced through dosage regulation and targeted delivery, and the antioxidant is suitable for long-term use, wide in application and wide in commercial potential.

The present invention provides a method of identifying the degree of aging of a subject or a tissue or organ thereof, comprising a) detecting the presence of an immunoglobulin (Ig) molecule in a sample from the subject; and b) comparing the result of the detection with a reference value. The invention also provides a method for regulating senescence of a subject or a tissue or organ or cell thereof through Ig, and a method for screening an anti-senescence compound or composition or identifying the effect of a drug on senescence by detecting Ig.

The invention discloses an application of SETD2 and NSD2 in diagnosis and treatment of aging of intestinal stem cells. Specifically, the invention relates to application of the intestinal stem cell aging marker or the detection reagent thereof, the intestinal stem cell aging marker or the detection reagent thereof is used for preparing a diagnostic reagent or a diagnostic kit, and the diagnostic reagent or the diagnostic kit is used for judging whether intestinal stem cells are aged or not. Wherein the senescence marker combination is prepared from SETD2 and NSD2 (National Solution Development 2). Meanwhile, the invention provides a detection reagent and a kit for the intestinal stem cell marker. The detection reagent or the kit can effectively judge the aging type of the intestinal stem cells, and different effective drugs are effectively used according to different types.

The invention discloses application of RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) binding protein HuR and a gene of the RNA binding protein HuR as a target spot in screening of a medicine for treating senile deafness, belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering, and provides application of the RNA binding protein HuR gene as a therapeutic target spot in screening of a medicine for preventing or treating senile deafness. The RNA binding protein HuR is used as a therapeutic target to screen the medicine for preventing or treating the senile deafness. According to the application disclosed by the invention, the HuR is knocked out from the inner ear hair cells and the whole cochlea of the mouse by utilizing Atoh1-Cre and Pax2-Cre mice respectively, and the condition that the degeneration of static cilia is caused by the deletion of the HuR in the hair cells is found, so that the hair cell senescence is accelerated, and the premature hearing loss is further caused. The results show that the HuR plays an important role in maintaining a static cilia steady state, delaying hair cell senescence and preventing senile deafness, and provides a therapeutic target for clinically preventing and improving hearing loss of senile deafness patients.

The invention discloses application of an extracellular matrix in preparation of an anti-vascular aging product, and belongs to the field of biological medicine. The acellular extracellular matrix provided by the invention is prepared by taking umbilical artery vascular smooth muscle cells as a material and carrying out water swelling and 0.5% Triton X-100 treatment on the umbilical artery vascular smooth muscle cells. The invention also provides application of the acellular matrix in preparation of drugs for inhibiting blood vessel and cell senescence. Experimental results show that after aortic vascular smooth muscle cells overexpressing Pelamin A are inoculated to the acellular matrix and cultured, the aortic vascular smooth muscle cells are distributed in a concentrated manner, the number of the aortic vascular smooth muscle cells is increased, the form of the aortic vascular smooth muscle cells is remarkably improved, the expression of X-GAL in the cells is reduced, and the expression quantity of Ki67 is increased; therefore, the acellular extracellular matrix provided by the invention can be used for effectively regulating aortic vascular smooth muscle cell senescence induced by Pelamin A accumulation. The invention provides a new biological material for inhibiting vascular aging and cell aging.

The invention discloses a data processing device and system for detecting the aging degree and application of the data processing device and system. The technical problem to be solved is to detect the aging degree of an organism to be tested or cells to be tested. Specifically disclosed is a device, the device comprising: M1, a migration body condition acquisition module for acquiring the migration body condition of a subject body or a subject cell, the migration body condition comprising the number of migration bodies or the content of the migration bodies; the result output module is used for comparing the condition of the migration body of the tested organism or the tested cell with a reference value and giving a result, and the result comprises at least one of the following: C1, the aging degree of the organism or the cell; c2, physiological age of the organism or the cell, C3, whether the organism or the cell suffers from the senescence-related disease or not or the risk of the senescence-related disease, and C4, the senescence and / or age-related disease early-warning result can be judged through the device, and the senescence degree of the tested organism or the tested cell can be judged through the device.

The invention discloses an application of MSTN (myostatin) and a downstream target gene thereof as a target spot for detecting and treating liver aging, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicines. The downstream target gene disclosed by the invention is an Slc7a11 gene. The research finds that in mouse primary hepatocytes treated by MSTN recombinant protein for 24 hours, the expression of senescence markers p53, p21, p16 and gamma-H2AX is remarkably up-regulated, and the activity of beta-galactosidase is synchronously enhanced. RNA sequencing analysis shows that cell senescence related gene sets in an MSTN treatment group are remarkably enriched in GO function annotation and GSEA analysis. Differential expression gene heat map analysis further reveals that Slc7a11 is the most significant target gene for down-regulation. Therefore, the MSTN and the downstream target gene Slc7a11 thereof can be used for preparing a reagent and a kit for detecting liver aging; the composition is used for preparing medicines for treating liver aging.

The invention discloses a circular RNA molecule circZBTB46-2, a protein coded by the circular RNA molecule circZBTB46-2 and application of the circular RNA molecule circZBTB46-2, and relates to the technical field of biology. The circZBTB46-2 is derived from a second exon of a ZBTB46 gene on a human chromosome q13.33, and the nucleotide sequence of the circZBTB46-2 is as shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. The circZBTB46-2 can encode a protein containing 462 amino acids, the protein is named as circZBTB46-462aa, and the amino acid sequence of the circZBTB46-462aa is as shown in SEQ ID NO. 4. The circZBTB46-2 is used for promoting the expression of the HASC senescence marker gene. The protein circZBTB46-462aa can be used for promoting cell aging. According to the present invention, it is found for the first time that the circular RNA molecule circZBTB46-2 can promote cell aging by coding circZBTB46-462aa, and can inhibit VSMC aging and relieve the progress of atherosclerosis by down-regulating the expression of the protein circZBTB46-462aa, such that the new direction is provided for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

The invention belongs to the field of chemical materials, and particularly relates to application of a fullerene material in preparation of a product for improving the expression level of collagen. The invention provides a novel application of a fullerene material, the fullerene material obviously improves the expression level of collagen, especially I-type, III-type and XVII-type collagen, and especially the XVII-type collagen can delay cell aging and repair damaged cells.

The invention discloses a composition for delaying senescence and keeping skin young, the composition comprises three active components of PQQ, ergothioneine and NAD +, the mass ratio of PQQ to ergothioneine to NAD + is 1: 1: 1, the PQQ is used for protecting mitochondrial functions and promoting generation of new mitochondria; according to the ergothioneine, telomere shortening is delayed through an OCTN1 transporter mediated cell penetration mechanism; nAD + is used for activating a Sirtuins protein family and repairing DNA damage, the invention relates to the technical field of medicine, PQQ is delivered in a targeted manner through lipid nanoparticles, accurately acts on mitochondria, resists attack of 95% or more of free radicals, promotes generation of new mitochondria and delays cell aging from an energy source, high-purity ergothioneine penetrates through a cell membrane through OCTN1 transporter protein, and the effect of repairing DNA damage is achieved. The NAD < + > directly activates Sirtuins family proteins, the DNA damage repairing efficiency is improved by 60%, the skin collagen density and myocardial cell viability are remarkably improved, and physiological age signs are reversed.

The invention discloses a targeted ATAD3A phosphorylated polypeptide and application thereof in preparation of an anti-aging product. The targeted ATAD3A phosphorylated polypeptide is composed of a functional peptide with an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID No.1 and a cell-penetrating peptide connected with the N end of the functional peptide. Research finds that overexpression of phosphorylated ATAD3A promotes cell aging, which prompts that targeted inhibition of ATAD3A phosphorylation may have an anti-aging effect. Therefore, the invention designs the TAT-polypeptide targeting ATAD3A phosphorylation site for anti-aging treatment, and the TAT-polypeptide shows a good treatment effect in both cellular level and mouse anti-aging treatment. Therefore, the targeted ATAD3A phosphorylated polypeptide opens a new thought and provides a new target for exploring anti-aging treatment, and the polypeptide can be further used for preparing anti-aging drugs and relieving the pressure brought by population aging to social medical care.

The invention discloses an application of N1-dihydrocaffeoyl-N10-caffeoyl spermidine in preparation of an anti-aging drug, a health care product or a functional food. Belongs to the technical field of biological medicine. In-vitro astrocyte experiments prove that the N1-dihydrocaffeoyl-N10-caffeoyl spermidine has an anti-aging effect, and the N1-dihydrocaffeoyl-N10-caffeoyl spermidine can be used for remarkably inhibiting and reducing the number of senescent astrocytes induced by D-galactose. According to the invention, the N1-dihydrocaffeoyl-N10-caffeoyl spermidine is used for preparing drugs, health care products and / or functional foods for delaying, preventing and / or treating aging, a new choice is provided for aging resistance, and the N1-dihydrocaffeoyl-N10-caffeoyl spermidine has important practical application value in the fields of medicines and aging resistance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of cosmetics, and particularly discloses an anti-oxidation fucoidan composition for delaying skin stem cell aging and a preparation method and application of the anti-oxidation fucoidan composition. The antioxidant algin composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5 to 10 parts of algin extract, 5 to 10 parts of herba houttuyniae extract, 2 to 4 parts of black pine needle extract, 4 to 6 parts of sorbitan olivate, 4 to 6 parts of squalane, 5 to 10 parts of glycerol, 0.1 to 0.5 part of sodium hyaluronate, 0.1 to 0.5 part of xanthan gum, 0.1 to 1 part of ethylhexylglycerin and 0.1 to 1 part of p-hydroxyacetophenone. The invention discloses an antioxidant fucoxanthin composition for delaying skin stem cell aging and a preparation method and application thereof. The antioxidant fucoxanthin composition is high in antioxidant capacity and capable of effectively promoting collagen synthesis and delaying skin stem cell aging.

The invention relates to the field of bovine bones, in particular to a preparation method and application of anti-cell-aging and anti-oxidation bovine bone peptide. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving the bovine bone peptide in double distilled water until the final concentration is 200 mg / ml; the bovine bone peptide is red bovine bone peptide or yak bone peptide. And after the culture medium containing the bovine bone peptide component is used, the ROS level in the cells is obviously reduced to 1-1.5 times, and the ROS level has obvious difference. The invention discloses application of red cattle bone peptide or yak bone peptide in preparation of food or health care products or medicines for preventing cell aging. By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: a novel evaluation method is provided, and an experimental method for the anti-aging effect of the bovine bone peptide and the yak bone peptide and related products are creatively found.

The invention discloses an active polypeptide OA-AL14, application and a preparation for preventing and treating skin photoaging, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicine. The active polypeptide OA-AL14 has the activity of preventing and treating skin photoaging, the amino acid sequence of the active polypeptide OA-AL14 is ALFWPMKKPWPESC, and the molecular weight of the active polypeptide OA-AL14 is 1720.06 Da; researches show that the active polypeptide has obvious ability to remove ABTS < + > free radicals and DPPH free radicals; in a UVB irradiation model test, the active polypeptide OA-AL14 shows the activity of promoting HaCaT cell proliferation and a cell protection effect, and can effectively relieve the oxidative stress reaction of the HaCaT cell induced by UVB and obviously improve the aging of the HaCaT cell induced by UVB; animal experiments further prove that the active polypeptide OA-AL14 can obviously improve UVB-induced skin photoaging, and has important value for development of novel skin photoaging prevention and treatment drugs.

The present disclosure generally relates to compositions and methods to increase resistance to age-related pathologies, improve physiological state or disorder related to cell ageing or metabolic fatigue in one or more cells; improve mobility and / or healthspan and / or lifespan of an adult animal in need. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to administering a formulation comprising an effective amount of nicotinamide (NAM) and Glycine, optionally an autophagy inducer.