23 results about "Magnetohydrodynamic generator" patented technology

The utility model relates to the technical field of thermo-acoustic power generation, and provides a low-vibration thermo-acoustic magnetohydrodynamic power generation device which comprises a thermo-acoustic engine and a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generator, and the thermo-acoustic engine comprises an engine assembly and an air reservoir; the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator comprises at least two magnetohydrodynamic power generation channels, every two magnetohydrodynamic power generation channels are symmetrically arranged, one end of each magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel is connected with the engine assembly, the other end of each magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel is connected with the air reservoir, and each magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel is filled with liquid metal. A first magnet and a second magnet are arranged on the outer wall of the magnetofluid power generation channel, and at least one electrode pair is embedded in an insulating layer of the magnetofluid power generation channel and located on the channel wall parallel to the magnetic field direction. In the operation process, force generated by liquid metal flowing, magnetic field interaction and the like counteracts each other in the symmetrical direction, force balance and moment balance are achieved on the whole, and ultralow-vibration operation is achieved.

The present invention relates to the technical field of wave energy power generation, and particularly relates to a magnetohydrodynamic wave energy power generation system. A magnetohydrodynamic wave energy power generation system includes: a driving mechanism, including a first floating body and a driving rod connected to each other, wherein a housing is sleeved on the outer periphery of the driving rod; a power generation mechanism, disposed in the housing and connected to the first floating body through the driving rod, the power generation mechanism includes an elastic deformation structure and a magnetohydrodynamic power generation structure disposed in the elastic deformation structure, a part of the elastic deformation structure is fixed to the inner wall of the housing, and the first floating body applies a deformation force to the elastic deformation structure through the driving rod so that the magnetohydrodynamic power generation structure generates an induced electromotive force. The present invention provides a magnetohydrodynamic wave energy power generation system that can improve the conversion efficiency of the wave energy power generation system from wave energy to electric energy.

The application discloses a propelling system and an aircraft, wherein the propelling system comprises a power generation system and a distributed system; the power generation system comprises a pre-ionization device and a magnetic fluid power generation device; the pre-ionization device can ionize gas to generate ionized gas; the magnetic fluid power generation device is suitable for the ionized gas to pass through; the distributed system comprises a plurality of propellers; any one of the propellers is electrically connected with the magnetic fluid power generation device. The magnetic fluid power generation device is used to replace an internal combustion engine to drive a generator to generate power; when the ionized gas passes through the magnetic fluid power generation device, the magnetic fluid power generation device can directly generate electric energy, so that the electric energy can be generated without mechanical conversion, the energy conversion efficiency is improved, and the electric energy is easy to transmit, that is, the energy transmission efficiency is also improved.

The present application relates to wave energy power generation technical field, provide a kind of oscillating water column wave energy conversion system based on magneto-hydrodynamic power generation, at least includes: float, including sealed end and open end, open end is suitable for extending into water body, to make the region between water surface and sealed end in the interior of float form air chamber, air chamber has with the gas passage of outside communication, air chamber is provided with magnetic field;Oscillating space is arranged in air chamber, and can be deformed;Oscillating space is filled with liquid metal, and oscillating space is suitable for deforming to make liquid metal flow cutting magnetic field to generate current when being impacted by airflow.The conversion system, oscillating space can be deformed to make liquid metal flow cutting magnetic field to generate current when being impacted by airflow upward or downward.Compared with traditional rotary turbine generator, without setting one-way valve rectification system, structure is more simple, more easily maintained, cost is lower, it is conducive to wide range of popularization and use.

The invention relates to the technical field of generators, and discloses a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator, comprising: a housing having a flowing space of liquid metal, and an inlet and an outlet communicated with the flowing space; at least one pair of magnets which are oppositely arranged and have opposite polarities form a magnetic field which is distributed along the axial direction parallel to the shell in the flowing space of the shell; the insulating flow guide assembly is arranged in the flowing space in the axial direction of the shell and is suitable for shunting the liquid metal flowing in from the inlet and cutting magnetic lines of the magnetic field towards at least two different directions; the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair oppositely penetrate through the shell, two electrodes of the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair are evenly arranged on the two sides of the insulation flow guide assembly, the parts, located outside the shell, of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first electrode pair are arranged in a short circuit mode, and the parts, located outside the shell, of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second electrode pair are connected with a load. The magnetohydrodynamic generator solves the problems that an existing magnetohydrodynamic generator is small in electrode distance and low in output voltage.

The present invention discloses a magnetohydrodynamics power system which utilizes low temperature heat source. Variable control of the operation of the system, along with determining configurations for specific cases, are made possible by selecting the refrigerant, liquid metal circuit geometry, and by adjusting the system condensing pressure and / or temperature. Adjustable condensing pressure and / or temperature allows the system to react to changing ambient temperature and maximize power output. Adjusting condensing pressure and / or temperature of the system is made possible with a variable condenser pressure controller. The variable condenser pressure controller allows utilization of the physical properties of the refrigerant over a wide range of condensing temperatures / pressures, including pressures in the vacuum range. Meanwhile rare earth permanent magnets in paired Halbach arrays are used in the magnetohydrodynamics generator to augment the magnetic field, and a series electrode connection is made possible to achieve a high voltage output.

The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel power generation, specifically a hydrogen fuel high-speed rotating magnetohydrodynamic power generation device. The device comprises a shaft portion, a cover plate portion, a thin plate portion and a combustion propelling portion. The device craftily utilizes hydrogen electrochemical reaction and direct combustion of unionized hydrogen to complete the hydrogen catalytic ionization reaction while providing jet thrust for rotation. Advantages are that it is more efficient than hydrogen fuel cells, has high power density, which is suitable for high-power and high-energy power needs, utilizes no key special components and does not require auxiliary systems such as heat dissipation, breaking limitations of proton exchange membrane on hydrogen fuel cells and low efficiency of a Carnot cycle on hydrogen internal combustion engines.

A generator for providing at least one of electrical power and thermal power.SOLUTION: 1) a molten metal injection system comprising 1) a reactor cell for the catalysis of atomic hydrogen to form hydrinos, 2) a reactant mixture comprising at least two components selected from H2O catalysts or sources of H2O catalysts, atomic hydrogen or sources of atomic hydrogen, H2O catalysts or sources of H2O catalysts, reactants that form atomic hydrogen or sources of atomic hydrogen, and a molten metal that renders the reactant mixture highly conductive, 3) at least one pump, such as an electromagnetic pump, and a reservoir, and 4) supplying low voltage, high current electrical energy to ignite a plasma; An ignition system including a power source to initiate rapid reaction rates and provide energy gain, 5) a source of H2 and O2 to feed the plasma, 6) a molten metal recovery system, and 7) a power converter to (a) convert high power light into electricity or (b) convert energetic plasma into electricity.SELECTED DRAWING: None

The application discloses a kind of magnetohydrodynamic power generation device, it relates to nuclear reactor technical field, including protective shell, inside along axial through power generation passage, outside is equipped with current coil, current coil is used to provide magnetic field;Pump, communicate with power generation passage by pipeline, pipeline is filled with Ar gas, pump is used to pressurize Ar gas;Core, it is arranged in power generation passage inside along axial, core is formed by multiple fuel plates with the shape of Chinese character well, the fuel in fuel plate generates multiple fission fragments after nuclear fission;Fuel plate thickness is less than the range of fission fragment;Reflective layer, cover in the outer wall of core, including two symmetrically arranged half-ring metal electrodes.The application utilizes the fission fragment generated by nuclear reactor to bombard rare gas and ionize the gas, and the ionized gas generates electricity through the magnetohydrodynamic generator, which ensures high thermoelectric conversion efficiency while avoiding the harsh working conditions and large safety hazards of existing methods.

The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, and provides a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation system driven by a closed circulation free piston engine, which comprises a free piston engine and a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generator, the liquid metal magnetofluid generator comprises a liquid metal magnetofluid component, the two sides of liquid metal of the liquid metal magnetofluid component are connected with the expansion unit and the compressor unit respectively, and the liquid metal flows in a reciprocating mode under the action of the expansion unit and the compressor unit. Under the action of the expansion unit and the compressor unit, liquid metal of the liquid metal magnetofluid component can flow in a reciprocating mode to generate electricity, the liquid metal magnetofluid generator serves as an electricity generation mechanism and has the advantage of being high in energy conversion efficiency, and the closed circulation free piston engine is adopted to drive the liquid metal magnetofluid generator to generate electricity. Clean energy such as concentrated solar energy and nuclear heat energy can be utilized.

The invention relates to the field of power generation, and provides a free piston internal combustion engine driven liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation system which comprises an air cylinder, a liquid piston, a fuel feeding pipeline, a spark plug, an exhaust pipeline, an air inlet valve, an exhaust valve and a permanent magnet. The liquid piston is filled with liquid metal, the air inlet valve is used for controlling opening and closing of the fuel feeding pipeline, the exhaust valve is used for controlling opening and closing of the exhaust pipeline, and the return cylinder is filled with gas to form a gas spring. Therefore, the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator is formed to serve as a power generation device to replace a linear generator in a free piston internal combustion engine generator, a power generation system with a thermoelectric conversion core free of mechanical moving parts is achieved, friction loss is effectively reduced, power generation efficiency is improved, restoring force is provided by a gas spring, and system reliability is high. And meanwhile, good frequency matching is realized by controlling the opening and closing time of the air inlet and exhaust valve, so that the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator works under the optimal power generation performance.

This invention provides a multi-redundant space nuclear power source combined thermoelectric conversion system, belonging to the field of space power generation. It solves the problems of easy failure of liquid pumps in traditional space nuclear power systems and easy failure of compressors in closed Brayton systems, which in turn lead to the inability of detectors to function properly. It mainly includes a closed Brayton system and a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generation system. The closed Brayton system includes a compressor, generator, turbine, regenerator, radiator, and semiconductor thermoelectric generator. The liquid MHD power generation system includes a nuclear reactor, liquid metal pump, gas-liquid separator, MHD nozzle, gas-liquid two-phase mixing section, and MHD power generation channel. It effectively utilizes the advantages of high output power, strong system stability, and long service life of space nuclear power sources. This invention is also applicable to space missions such as deep space exploration.

The application provides a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation system driven by a two-stage loop traveling wave thermoacoustic engine, comprising a two-stage loop traveling wave thermoacoustic engine and a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator set, wherein the two-stage loop traveling wave thermoacoustic engine comprises two thermoacoustic conversion units, the two thermoacoustic conversion units are connected in a head-to-tail mode to form a traveling wave loop, the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator set comprises two liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generators, each of the two liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generators comprises liquid metal, the two liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generators are arranged in the traveling wave loop, under the action of any one of the two thermoacoustic conversion units, the flow directions of the liquid metals in the two liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generators are opposite, the vibrations generated by the movements of the liquid metals offset each other, thereby reducing the vibration of the power generation system and improving the stability of the power generation output performance.

The present invention discloses a combined power generation system and method based on supercritical CO2 transportation for LMMHD and Brayton cycle. The liquid metal working medium in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation cycle relies on the transportation and carriage of the supercritical CO2 working medium in the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle to achieve high-speed flow, thereby improving the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation efficiency. The supercritical CO2 working medium in the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle is in direct contact with the high-temperature liquid metal working medium in the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation cycle, absorbs the heat of the liquid metal, and then further conducts a supercritical CO2 partial cooling Brayton cycle for power generation, improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system. In addition, the present invention can, through reasonable system layout and adjustment of corresponding valves, start the corresponding magnetohydrodynamic power generation form according to the initial flow rate of the liquid metal. When the magnetohydrodynamic power generation fails, it can also quickly switch to the traditional space nuclear power working mode for power generation, improving the anti-risk ability of the system.

The application discloses a linear type MHD generator with boundary layer suction, which comprises a power generation channel, the cross section of the power generation channel is rectangular, two sides of the power generation channel are provided with rectangular through grooves, suction electrodes are fixedly installed in the rectangular through grooves through cover plates, the suction electrodes are conductive flat plates provided with cavities, air passages communicated with the power generation channel are arranged on the cavities, exhaust ports are arranged on the cover plates, one end of the power generation channel is connected with an exhaust connecting section through an adapter section, the other end is connected with a nozzle, corrugated pipes communicated with the exhaust connecting pipes are arranged on the exhaust ports, and magnets are arranged on both sides of the power generation channel. When high-temperature air flow expanded and accelerated by the nozzle passes through the power generation channel, the boundary layer with low temperature and low flow speed near the wall surface is sucked into the suction vacuum cavities on both sides, low-energy fluid is discharged through the exhaust ports on the exhaust cover plates, the air flow temperature on the electrode surface in the channel is increased, the conductive capacity of the power generation working medium is enhanced, and greater induced electromotive force is generated.

The present invention provides a laser fusion target capsule and a fusion power generation and propulsion system. The laser fusion target capsule is spherical and comprises, from the inside to the outside, a deuterium-tritium gas layer, a solid fusion material layer, a deuterium-helium fuel layer, and a high-density carbon spherical shell layer. The fusion power generation and propulsion method provided by the present invention comprises: using multiple beams of high-energy repetition-rate lasers to drive the spherical target capsule to implode, using deuterium-tritium fuel with a low ignition threshold temperature to ignite deuterium-helium fuel with a high ignition threshold temperature, and converting the fusion energy released by pulsed fusion into steadily output electrical energy or space propulsion power through a magnetohydrodynamic power generation and propulsion device. The present invention is characterized in that it can achieve fusion energy release with a high repetition frequency and high laser energy utilization efficiency at room temperature, and is suitable for fusion power generation on Earth as well as for fusion power generation on extraterrestrial bodies such as the moon where abundant helium fuel is present, and for space propulsion of spacecraft.

The application discloses a kind of based on self-disturbance control's magnetohydrodynamic generator output optimization method, for solving the technical problem that traditional magnetohydrodynamic generator is unstable when output changes, belongs to new energy power generation control technical field.This method includes the following steps: step one, data acquisition and state monitoring;Step two, self-disturbance control operation;Control system will collect output voltage and current as controlled variable, based on self-disturbance control algorithm, utilize extended state observer to magnetohydrodynamic system internal parameter change, external environment change and external load disturbance carry out real-time estimation and compensation, and calculate the specific value of control quantity, simultaneously generate control signal;Step three, according to control signal adjustment actuator.

The invention discloses a magnetohydrodynamic generator output optimization method based on active disturbance rejection control, is used for solving the technical problem that a traditional magnetohydrodynamic generator is unstable in output when a load changes, and belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation control. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, data acquisition and state monitoring; step 2, performing active disturbance rejection control operation; the control system uses the collected output voltage and current as controlled variables, carries out real-time estimation and compensation on the internal parameter change, the external environment change and the external load disturbance of the magnetofluid system by using an extended state observer based on an active disturbance rejection control algorithm, calculates the specific numerical value of the controlled variable, and generates a control signal at the same time; and step 3, adjusting an execution mechanism according to the control signal.

The application provides a kind of space closed type magnetohydrodynamic power generation system cesium additive concentration on-line monitoring method and device, and the working medium of closed type magnetohydrodynamic circulation system is the helium-cesium binary mixed working medium formed by helium and cesium vapor, wherein the cesium vapor is the additive for enhancing electrical conductivity, and the cesium vapor concentration directly determines the channel conductivity and power generation performance. By using the physical characteristics that the constant volume specific heat capacity of helium and cesium vapor differs by about 31 times, a micro calorimetric sensing unit is connected in parallel on the closed loop magnetohydrodynamic circulation system, the cesium concentration is inverted by micro sampling, constant power heating and accurate measurement of temperature rise rate, which provides the basis for electrical conductivity prediction and adaptive control. Innovatively, the temperature rise rate and steady-state temperature difference are used to invert the double parameters, the total mass of the sensing unit is ≤50g, the power consumption is ≤2W, and the volume is ≤20cm³.

The invention provides a multi-redundancy space nuclear power source composite thermoelectric conversion system, and belongs to the field of space power generation. The problem that a detector cannot work normally due to the fact that a liquid pump of a traditional space nuclear power system breaks down easily and a gas compressor of a closed Brayton system breaks down easily is solved. The system mainly comprises a closed Brayton system and a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation system, the closed Brayton system comprises a gas compressor, a generator, a turbine, a heat regenerator, a radiator and a semiconductor thermoelectric generator; the liquid magnetohydrodynamic power generation system comprises a nuclear reactor, a liquid metal pump, a gas-liquid separator, a magnetohydrodynamic nozzle, a gas-liquid two-phase mixing section and a magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel, the advantages of high output power, high system stability, long service time and the like of a space nuclear power source are effectively utilized, and the liquid magnetohydrodynamic power generation system is also suitable for space tasks such as deep space exploration and the like.

The invention discloses a vacuum heating furnace for high-temperature gas magnetohydrodynamic power generation and a using method of the vacuum heating furnace. The device comprises an alkali metal seed positioning platform and an alkali metal releasing device, a sealing vessel is arranged on the alkali metal seed positioning platform, and alkali metal seeds are packaged in the sealing vessel; the alkali metal releasing device comprises a heavy hammer, a spring, a magnetic attraction part and a mounting flange, the magnetic attraction part and the mounting flange are located outside the vacuum heating furnace, the spring and the heavy hammer are located inside the vacuum heating furnace, and the position of the heavy hammer corresponds to the position of the sealed vessel; the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected with the mounting flange, and the lower end of the spring is fixedly connected with the counter weight. According to the alkali metal releasing device combining the magnetic attraction part and the heavy hammer, alkali metal seeds can be released under the condition that sealing of the vacuum heating furnace is not damaged, and the heavy hammer can move downwards by controlling generation and disappearance of attraction force between the magnetic attraction part and the heavy hammer, so that a sealed vessel is broken, and the alkali metal seeds are released.

The invention provides a disc-type channel suitable for a limited space, which belongs to the technical field of high-temperature gas magnetohydrodynamic power generation and comprises a gas inlet section, an effective section and a turning section. And airflow flows out of the exhaust port after passing through the air inlet section, the effective section and the turning section from the air inlet. The turning section is composed of step flow deflectors and at least three stages of small-angle turning structures, elastic coatings are laid on the inner walls of the at least three stages of small-angle turning structures, air suction holes are formed in the first-stage small-angle turning structure and the second-stage small-angle turning structure, and sucked air is conveyed to an exhaust port through an air suction flow guide pipe to be converged and flow out. The device is suitable for being used in a limited space environment, boundary layer flow separation can be restrained, the shock wave intensity in the channel is weakened, power generation working medium ionization is enhanced, and finally the disc type channel power generation performance is improved.