118 results about "Photon conversion" patented technology

Embodiments disclosed herein provide optical systems utilizing photon conversion materials in conjunction with a light source and an LED. An LED can be positioned in a cavity defined by a base and one or more sidewalls. Phosphors can be disposed on the entrance face of a lens between the entrance face to the lens body and the LED so that light emitted from the LED will be incident on the phosphor and down converted before entering the lens body through the entrance face. The lens can positioned so that the phosphors are separated from the LED by a gap.

Embodiments disclosed herein provide optical systems utilizing photon conversion materials in conjunction with a light source and an LED. An LED can be positioned in a cavity defined by a base and one or more sidewalls. Phosphors can be disposed on the entrance face of a lens between the entrance face to the lens body and the LED so that light emitted from the LED will be incident on the phosphor and down converted before entering the lens body through the entrance face. The lens can positioned so that the phosphors are separated from the LED by a gap.

A method of diagnostic imaging in a shortened acquisition time for obtaining a reconstructed diagnostic image of a portion of a body of a human patient who was administered with dosage of radiopharmaceutical substance radiating gamma rays, using SPECT. The method comprises acquiring photons emitted from said portion of the body, by means of a detector capable of converting the photons into electric signals, wherein the total time of photon acquiring is substantially shorter than the clinically acceptable acquisition time; processing said electric signals by a position logic circuitry and thereby deriving data indicative of positions on said photon detector crystal, where the photons have impinged the detector; and reconstructing an image of a spatial distribution of the pharmaceutical substance within the portion of the body by iteratively processing said data.

An X-ray apparatus is provided for acquisition of images containing spectral information. An X-ray source and a collimator having multiple slits are operable together with a set of line detectors, the line detectors including linear arrays of photon counting channels. Each of the channels includes a photon conversion channel element which is operable to convert photons to electric pulses. A plurality of pulse counters are operable to count pulses in a plurality of different ranges of pulse strength, where the strength of a pulse depends on the energy of the photon. Further, an arrangement is included for an energy subtracting operation.

A system for diagnostically evaluating the health of tissue within the fundus of an eye includes a f s laser source, an adaptive optical assembly, an imaging unit, and a computer. The adaptive optical assembly focuses a laser beam to a focal point in the fundus of the eye, and scans the fundus tissue according to a predetermined scanning pattern. Illumination of anisotropic tissue within the fundus, such as the photoreceptors and the Henle-fiber layer, induces a Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) response. Red photons, with a wavelength (λ) of about 880 nm, are converted to blue photons, with a wavelength of λ / 2, through the process of photon conversion. An imaging unit senses the blue photon return light, and uses the return light to generate an image of the fundus. The computer processes the image, and compares it to a template of healthy tissue to evaluate the health of the imaged tissue.

A high-speed optical communications cell is integrated at the interior of a two-dimensional imaging array. The combined receiver and imager carries out both photodetection (converting photons to electrons) and circuit functions (e.g. amplifying and integrating the signals from the photodetectors). The high-speed receiver cell comprises a photodetector and a high-speed amplification circuit, providing an electrical output which can follow a rapidly varying optical signal falling on the photodetector. The imaging array comprises an array of photodetectors and readout circuits, providing an electrical representation of the variation of light with position across the receiver surface. The presence of an imaging array surrounding the communications receiver, and in the same plane as it, allows a single optical path to be used for source acquisition and tracking as well as for data reception

An installation is provided for multi-dimensional non-linear imaging of a material comprising intrinsic chromophores, using laser scanning. This installation comprises i) at least one source (115) of time stamp pulses of synchronized photons, ii) means (12-14) for locally focusing the pulses on a material to cause its intrinsic chromophores to absorb groups of at least two synchronized photons to produce response photons, iii) means (22, 40, 53) for directing the response photons to at leat one collecting zone, iv) means (30-34) for collecting the response photons in the collecting zone(s) whatever their energy, v) processing means for converting the collected photons into data at least representative of their number and storing them in correspondence with at least the time stamp pulses that cause the material to produce the response photons, vi) means for scanning (11, 20) the pulses through a chosen area of the material, and vii) means for delivering from said data stored an image representative of said material chosen area, with a sub-millimeter resolution, and in function of the respective time stamp pulses of data.

The invention discloses a display device which belongs to the field of display. The display device comprises a number of sub-pixel regions. Each sub-pixel region is corresponding to a color. The display device comprises a reflection interface, a photon conversion layer and a filter layer, wherein the reflection interface, the photon conversion layer and the filter layer are arranged in turn along a display light outgoing direction. In the sub-pixel region corresponding to a target color, a filter layer is used for reflecting light in a second wavelength range through light in a first wavelength range in the display light outgoing direction. The first wavelength range is a wavelength range corresponding to the target color. The second wavelength range comprises a visible light band beyond the first wavelength range. The reflection interface is used for reflecting light from the filter layer. The photon conversion layer is used for converting light in a third wavelength range in transmitted light into light in the first wavelength range. The third wavelength range is a pre-set wavelength range beyond the first wavelength range. The second wavelength range comprises the third wavelength range. According to the invention, the color conversion efficiency of the display device can be improved.

A solar power plant (10) capable of generating electricity comprising a light pipe carrying highly concentrated solar light (19), a hot reservoir (24), a cold reservoir (20), and a plurality of large-scale solid-state nano-structured photonic crystals (12) that are capable of recycling out-of-band photons with transition energies associated with a photovoltaic cell (13) into photons with in-band energies associated with the same photovoltaic cell (13) when photon energy is subjected to propagation through a thermal temperature gradient that is held across a suitably nano-structured photonic crystal (12). The input thermal photons from the hot thermal reservoir (24) are shifted in energy to the optimal photovoltaic cell energy for electron-hole pair generation by work that is expanded by the heat engine to convert said input photons into phonons and then back to photons again at a new wavelength through a process of phonon rethermalization occurring inside the nano-structured photonic crystal (12).

The present disclosure relates to a generally-applicable measurement technique based on coherent quantum enhancement effects and provides embodiments with nonlinear optics. The technique utilizes parametric nonlinear processes where the information-carrying electromagnetic quanta in a number of electromagnetic modes are converted phase coherently to signature quanta in a single mode or a few modes. The phase coherence means that while the quanta before conversion may have unequal or uncertain phase values across the modes, the signature quanta converted from those different modes have the (near) uniform phase. This can lead to significant increase in the signal to noise ratio in detecting weak signal buried in strong background noise. Applications can be found in remote sensing, ranging, biological imaging, field imaging, target detection and identification, covert communications, and other fields that can benefit from improved signal to noise ratios by using the phase coherent effect.

A system for diagnostically evaluating the health of tissue within the fundus of an eye includes a fs laser source, an adaptive optical assembly, an imaging unit, and a computer. The adaptive optical assembly focuses a laser beam to a focal point in the fundus of the eye, and scans the fundus tissue according to a predetermined scanning pattern. Illumination of anisotropic tissue within the fundus, such as the photoreceptors and the Henle-fiber layer, induces a Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) response. Red photons, with a wavelength (λ) of about 880 nm, are converted to blue photons, with a wavelength of λ / 2, through the process of photon conversion. An imaging unit senses the blue photon return light, and uses the return light to generate an image of the fundus. The computer processes the image, and compares it to a template of healthy tissue to evaluate the health of the imaged tissue.

An optical sampling method and apparatus use a probe pulse source of a predetermined optical wavelength range, e.g., 1560 nm, to sample incoming optical pulses in approximately the same wavelength range. The probe pulse source is frequency-doubled e.g., using a frequency doubler such as a nonlinear PPLN crystal, to obtain an intermediate second harmonic which may be filtered with a 780 nm bandpass filter to eliminate at least source frequency noise background. The filtered intermediate second harmonic is then mixed with the user input signal using an optional polarizing beam splitter and a dichroic beam splitter. The mixed signal is sent to a sum frequency generating (SFG) nonlinear crystal, e.g., a PPLN crystal, where the resulting frequency is near the third harmonic. The output from the SFG PPLN crystal may be filtered using a bandpass 515 nm filter to remove unwanted wavelengths and processed to measure / sense the near third harmonic content using a photomultiplier tube (PMT). Beyond the PMT, the output may be sent to a microprocessor for analysis and display on a cathode ray oscilloscope as necessary. 80-85% power conversion efficiency in the frequency doubler, a 60 or 65% photon conversion efficiency in the sampler and handling of 600+ GHz bandwidths, as well as background noise reduction are possible by using the invention.

The invention provides a light conversion enhanced photocatalysis composite material and a preparation method thereof. The light conversion enhanced photocatalysis composite material is prepared according to the main principle that: a photocatalysis film layer is further compounded on the surface of a transparent infrared conversion core layer by adopting a physical-chemical method, the photocatalysis response spectral intensity of the photocatalysis material is remarkably enhanced by utilizing the control function of a transparent infrared conversion light film layer to the solar incident light spectrum energy distribution and an efficiency coupling energy transfer function between the transparent infrared conversion light film layer and the photocatalysis film layer, and the photon conversion efficiency and the solar utilization efficiency of the photocatalysis material are improved. The novel light conversion enhanced photocatalysis composite material has the advantages of compact structure, stable property, high photon conversion efficiency and the like, can adapt to different solar illumination conditions, can be used for fully converting and utilizing solar energy, and has potential application to the fields of direct catalysis decomposition on pure water to produce hydrogen by solar light, photocatalytic degradation to organic pollutants, organism photosynthesis and thelike.

A molecular system is provided for electric field activated switches, such as optical switches. The molecular system has an electric field induced band gap change that occurs via a molecular conformation change, based on a rotor / stator construction of the molecular system, involving a rotating portion (rotor) connected between two stationary portions (stators). Nanometer-scale reversible optical switches are thus provided that can be assembled easily to make a variety of optical devices, including optical displays.

The invention discloses a safety monitor for gamma and neutron radiation in the environment. The safety motor comprises a CPU, as well as a detector module, a data communication module, a power supply module and a GPS module which are connected with the CPU, wherein a time counting circuit is arranged inside the detector module which is additionally provided with a neutron / photon conversion structure; the data communication module is wirelessly connected with an external mobile phone mobile terminal or a data management center; the power supply module is connected with the detector module and the GPS module respectively, and a charging and discharging circuit and a high-voltage boosting circuit are arranged inside the power supply module. According to the safety monitor for the gamma and neutron radiation in the environment, various sources of radiation can be detected by one monitor, a warning signal is sent in real time, the size of the monitor is reduced effectively, a foundation is laid for the wide popularization and application, and the practical value of the monitor is improved.

The invention provides a near-infrared two-photon conversion type SO2 fluorescent probe. The SO2 fluorescent prob is shown in the description. Anionic groups of the fluorescent probe are preferably perchlorate ions. The ratio type fluorescent probe for detecting sulfur dioxide has the advantages of being extremely high in recognition speed, resistant to interference of various ions, amino acids and active oxygen and good in specificity, and at the same time, background and environmental interference is eliminated. The near-infrared two-photon conversion type SO2 fluorescent prob has a potential application value for detecting sulfur dioxide in environmental and biological systems.

Described herein are pressure sensitive adhesive type of wavelength conversion tapes that are easy-to-apply to a solar harvesting device using an adhesive layer. The pressure sensitive adhesive type of wavelength conversion tape comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive layer, wherein the pressure sensitive adhesive layer comprises one, or multiple, luminescent dyes that convert photons of a particular wavelength to a different more desirable wavelength. The adhesive layer is designed to adhere to the light incident surface of a solar harvesting device such as a solar cell, solar panel, or photovoltaic device, to improve the efficiency of the device.

Described herein are wavelength converting devices comprising a glass plate and a wavelength conversion layer over a glass plate that can be applied to solar cells, solar panels, or photovoltaic devices to enhance solar harvesting efficiency of those devices. The wavelength conversion layer of the wavelength converting device comprises a polymer matrix and one, or multiple, luminescent dyes that convert photons of a particular wavelength to a more desirable wavelength.

A frame shuttered CMOS image sensor with simultaneous array readout. An array of CMOS pixels are printed on a silicon substrate. Within each pixel is a light sensitive region comprising a photo sensitive diode for converting photons into electrical charge and at least three transistors to permit reading of reset electrical charges and collected electrical charges and for re-setting the photosensitive diode. The sensor includes an array of signal and re-set readout capacitors located on the substrate but outside of the pixel array. Metal conductors printed in said substrate connect each pixel in said pixel array with a signal capacitor and a re-set capacitor in array of signal and re-set readout capacitors. Transistor switches printed in said substrate but outside of said pixel array are used to isolate the signal and re-set capacitors from each other and from the pixels. Control circuitry is provided for re-setting simultaneously each of the pixels in the pixel array, for collecting simultaneously re-set signals from each pixel on to one of the reset capacitors in the array of readout capacitors and for collecting simultaneously integrated pixel signals from each pixel on to one of the signal capacitors in the array of readout capacitors. Readout circuitry is provided for reading charges collected on the array of signal and re-set capacitors.

The invention discloses an aluminate red fluorescent powder and a preparation method thereof, wherein, the aluminate red fluorescent powder has the chemical components of SrAl(12-2x)MnxMgxO19, and 0.06<=x<=0.6. The aluminate red fluorescent powder is a new photon conversion material coated on an ultraviolet or blue light semiconductor chip, the excitation wavelength of the powder is 460nm, the emission peak wavelength is 665nm, and the excitation and emission properties are suitable for the requirement of packaging high-color gamut white light LEDs.

A radiation counting device is provided that includes a scintillator, a pixel circuit, and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit. In the radiation counting device, the scintillator generates a photon when radiation is incident. In the radiation counting device, the pixel circuit converts the photon into charge, stores the charge over a predetermined period, and generates an analog voltage in accordance with the amount of stored charge. In the radiation counting device, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit converts the analog voltage into a digital signal in a predetermined quantization unit less than the analog voltage generated from the one photon.

An X-ray apparatus is provided for acquisition of images containing spectral information. An X-ray source and a collimator having multiple slits are operable together with a set of line detectors, the line detectors including linear arrays of photon counting channels. Each of the channels includes a photon conversion channel element which is operable to convert photons to electric pulses. A plurality of pulse counters are operable to count pulses in a plurality of different ranges of pulse strength, where the strength of a pulse depends on the energy of the photon. Further, an arrangement is included for an energy subtracting operation.

The invention discloses a photon conversion material and a preparation method thereof. The composition general formula of the photon conversion material is (Ln1-x-ySxRy) BO3, wherein Ln is one or more of Y<3+>, La<3+>, Sc<3+>, Lu<3+>, Al<3+>, Gd<3+> and In<3+>; S is one or more of Sb<3+>, Bi<3+>, Sn<2+> and Pb<2+>; R is one or more of Eu<3+>, Tb<3+>, Ce<3+>, Pr<3+> and Sm<3+>; and in the general formula, x and y respectively express mole percentages of the S and the R accounting for Ln in a LnBO3 lattice dot matrix, x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.0, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.0, and the x and the y are not 0 at the same time. The photon conversion material can be used for converting photons from short or medium ultraviolet wavelength to medium or long ultraviolet wavelength or visible light wavelength and converting high-energy photons to linear spectrums or broadband spectrums or regulating the high-energy photons to near white light according to the application requirement of a detector or a short or medium ultraviolet light emitting diode (LED).

Microelectronic image sensor array device comprising a plurality of elementary cells laid out according to an array and each provided with at least one photosensitive zone for capturing photon(s) and converting photon(s) into electron(s), at least one or several of said cells comprising electronic avalanche multiplier means, provided to produce, during cycles known as electron amplification cycles, a greater number of electrons than the number of electrons converted by the photosensitive zone, the device further comprising a control circuit adapted to modulate the amplification gain of each cell individually.

The invention discloses a pixel unit of a CMOS image sensor and a manufacturing method of the pixel unit and belongs to the technical field of semiconductors. The pixel unit comprises a photosensitive diode and a pass transistor set. The pass transistor set comprises a plurality of pass transistors which are connected at the source electrode end and the drain electrode end in parallel respectively. The grid electrode of each pass transistor and an injection area of the photosensitive diode form an overlapping are, wherein the overlapping areas are different in size, so that different transmission efficiencies are achieved. The photosensitive diode is used for conducting photovoltaic conversion so that a photon can be converted into an electron. The pass transistor set is used for achieving the purpose that the pass transistor corresponding to the transmission efficiency is selectively started according to the illuminance of incident light, so that electron transmission is conducted, and therefore the electron is transmitted to the drain electrode end from the source electrode of the pass transistor set and converted into a voltage signal. According to the pixel unit of the CMOS image sensor, the pass transistor, corresponding to the transmission efficiency, of the pass transistor set is selectively started according to the illuminance of incident light, so that electron transmission is conducted, and therefore the index of high sensitivity and the index of high dynamic are achieved.

The invention discloses a positron imaging method and system of a dual-readout PET detector. According to the system, photoelectric devices are arranged at two ends of crystal bar for coupling and areused for acquiring optical signal data in the crystal to carry out scintillation pulse data coupling; measured amplitude height of the pulse and arrival time of the pulse in the photoelectric devicesare recorded; and a difference value of the pulse arrival time and the amplitude height of the pulse are calculated and the position of the deposition energy of the gamma photon in the crystal is estimated. In addition, the method comprises the following steps: digitalizing a scintillation pulse coupling signal acquired by a photoelectric detector through an analog-to-digital converter; calculating the position of a photon conversion interaction depth according to the ratio of signal amplitudes at two ends of the detector; and performing interaction effect depth information reconstruction according to the energy, time and position information of the obtained signal. According to the invention, the action depth of the photon in the crystal is accurately located and action depth informationis obtained; parallax error correction is carried out; the interaction depth effect is effectively reduced; and the PET imaging effect is improved.

A system and method for generating electrical power from a heat source utilizing both photonic and thermal conversion are disclosed. Specifically, power is generated by coupling photon converters to thermoelectric pairs in a way such that the thermoelectric pairs gain not only the charge carriers (holes and electrons) generated by the photons absorbed by the photon converters, but also the charge carriers generated by excess heat in the photon converters and an added thermal gradient generated by excess energy in the absorbed photons. Heat exchanger variations for such a system are also disclosed. Specifically, heat exchangers with and without photon emitters are disclosed and variants of refractive indices for heat exchanger systems are disclosed.

Methods and systems for characterizing dimensions and material properties of semiconductor devices by transmission small angle x-ray scatterometry (TSAXS) systems having relatively small tool footprint are described herein. The methods and systems described herein enable Q space resolution adequate for metrology of semiconductor structures with reduced optical path length. In general, the x-ray beam is focused closer to the wafer surface for relatively small targets and closer to the detector for relatively large targets. In some embodiments, a high resolution detector with small point spread function (PSF) is employed to mitigate detector PSF limits on achievable Q resolution. In some embodiments, the detector locates an incident photon with sub-pixel accuracy by determining the centroid of a cloud of electrons stimulated by the photon conversion event. In some embodiments, the detector resolves one or more x-ray photon energies in addition to location of incidence.