84 results about "Reductive dechlorination" patented technology

The invention discloses a synthetic method of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene, and the synthetic method comprises the steps of carrying out a reaction between hexachlorobutadiene and hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalyst to generate 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2,3-dichlorobutane, and carrying out a reductive dechlorination reaction on the 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2,3-dichlorobutane in a solvent by using zinc powder to generate the 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. According to the synthetic method, the process is simple, the steps are short, the reaction conditions are mild and the product can be obtained through two steps of reaction; and the raw materials are easy to get, the cost is low, and the byproduct hexachlorobutadiene obtained by reducing tetrachloroethylene by carbon tetrachloride at high temperature can be used as a raw material, so that the cost is further reduced.

In preferred embodiments, bioremediation systems are provided that comprise electricigenic microbes that use electrons provided directly from the anode of an electrical bioremediation system to carry out reductive dehalogenation of halogenated hydrocarbon contaminants, including chlorinated solvents. The present invention also provides methods of performing in situ bioremediation of halogenated solvents in groundwater or soil through the use of the provided systems.

A method for treating contamination in subsurface formations includes fracturing the soil to produce a network of fractures in the formation and simultaneously injecting a slurry containing an optional proppant and a solid-phase or nonaqueous-phase treatment agent into the network of fractures. The proppant is for keeping the fractures open, and the treatment agent accelerates conversion of the contaminants into immobile or less toxic forms. Chitin is an illustrative solid-phase treatment agent, which functions as an electron donor for anaerobic reductive dechlorination mediated by dechlorinating bacteria.

A stabilized, chemically reactive, metallic nano-material effective for degradation of chlorinated organic compounds in soils, sediments and groundwater. The nano-material is composed of a magnetic metal nanoparticle and a carbohydrate stabilizer bound to the nanoparticle. The preferred metal nanoparticle is iron and the preferred carbohydrate stabilizer is either a starch or a water soluble cellulose such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The nanoparticle may be either mono-metallic, bi-metallic or multi-metallic in nature, but is preferably bi-metallic wherein it is coated with a secondary catalytic metal coating, preferably palladium. A method of making the metallic nano-material is further disclosed wherein a solution of the metal nanoparticle and carbohydrate stabilizer is prepared, and the nanoparticle is then reduced under inert conditions. A process for reductive dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds is also disclosed wherein the reduced magnetic metal nanoparticle is prepared, and then contacted with a chlorinated organic compound to dechlorinate the compound. Preferably, the nano-material is injected into a site such as soil subsurface or groundwater contaminated with a chlorinated organic compound to provide in-situ dechlorination.