90 results about "Wavelength response" patented technology

The invention provides an optical switch and modulator which uses a closed loop optical resonator. The optical resonator is a dielectric cavity whose primary function is to store optical power. Various structures are possible, and a particularly advantageous one is a ring shaped cavity. The wavelength response at the output port of a ring resonator side coupled to two waveguides is determined by the details of the resonator, and the coupling between the resonator and the waveguides. By coupling to adjacent resonators, the modulator response can be improved over that of a single resonator. One such improvement is in modulator efficiency, which is defined as the ratio of the change in optical intensity at the output, to a change in absorption in the ring waveguides. Absorption is used for switching and modulation without incurring significant optical attenuation. Another improvement involves making the resonance insensitive to small deviations in wavelength or index change. The latter improves fabrication tolerances and compensates for possible drift of the signal wavelength. Collectively, the behavior of multiple coupled resonators yields higher order responses.

Structures and methods for three-dimensional image sensing using high frequency modulation includes CMOS-implementable sensor structures using differential charge transfer, including such sensors enabling rapid horizontal and slower vertical dimension local charge collection. Wavelength response of such sensors can be altered dynamically by varying gate potentials. Methods for producing such sensor structures on conventional CMOS fabrication facilities include use of “rich” instructions to command the fabrication process to optimize image sensor rather than digital or analog ICs. One detector structure has closely spaced-apart, elongated finger-like structures that rapidly collect charge in the spaced-apart direction and then move collected charge less rapidly in the elongated direction. Detector response is substantially independent of the collection rate in the elongated direction.

A miniaturized fluidic spectrometer comprises a light source, a fluidic circuit having a plurality of flow channels through which an analyte flows, and a proximity detector array for detecting light from the light source transmitted through the fluidic circuit. Where the light source is broadband, a variable filter is disposed between the detector array and the fluidic circuit so that each position of the detector array is provided with a different wavelength response. The fluidic circuit is disposed in an optimized Fabry-Perot etalon. The fluidic circuit is defined in an elastomeric material and includes means for tuning the Fabry-Perot etalon by pressurization of flow channels in the elastomeric material.

A domestic water recycling system using a combination of an optical detector to detect certain smaller sized (non-filtered) contaminants and a filter to remove larger sized (filtered) contaminants provides an efficient wastewater recycling system. Optical detection of contaminants determines whether water is discharged or filtered and recycled. The optical detection system can use several discrete optical wavelengths that are passed through the fluid, and can determine a relative presence of the contaminants based on the resulting wavelength response. A recycling shower using optical detection, an electronically actuated directional device and pump and a controller allows for automatic recycling or discharging of water without requiring user input. The system may include a turbulence reduction baffle in a collection chamber, and a disinfection unit for the recycled water.

A miniaturized fluidic spectrometer comprises a light source, a fluidic circuit having a plurality of flow channels through which an analyte flows, and a proximity detector array for detecting light from the light source transmitted through the fluidic circuit. Where the light source is broadband, a variable filter is disposed between the detector array and the fluidic circuit so that each position of the detector array is provided with a different wavelength response. The fluidic circuit is disposed in an optimized Fabry-Perot etalon. The fluidic circuit is defined in an elastomeric material and includes means for tuning the Fabry-Perot etalon by pressurization of flow channels in the elastomeric material.

The light conversion efficiency of a solar cell (10) is enhanced by using an optical downshifting layer (30) in cooperation with a photovoltaic material (22). The optical downshifting layer converts photons (50) having wavelengths in a supplemental light absorption spectrum into photons (52) having a wavelength in the primary light absorption spectrum of the photovoltaic material. The cost effectiveness and efficiency of solar cells platforms (20) can be increased by relaxing the range of the primary light absorption spectrum of the photovoltaic material. The optical downshifting layer can be applied as a low cost solution processed film composed of highly absorbing and emissive quantum dot heterostructure nanomaterial embedded in an inert matrix to improve the short wavelength response of the photovoltaic material. The enhanced efficiency provided by the optical downshifting layer permits advantageous modifications to the solar cell platform that enhances its efficiency as well.

A customizable chamber spectral response is described which can be used at least to tailor chamber performance for wafer heating, wafer cooling, temperature measurement, and stray light. In one aspect, a system is described for processing a treatment object having a given emission spectrum at a treatment object temperature which causes the treatment object to produce a treatment object radiated energy. The chamber responds in a first way to the heating arrangement radiated energy and in a second way to the treatment object radiated energy that is incident thereon. The chamber may respond in the first way by reflecting the majority of the heat source radiated energy and in the second way by absorbing the majority of the treatment object radiated energy. Different portions of the chamber may be treated with selectively reflectivity based on design considerations to achieve objectives with respect to a particular chamber performance parameter.

A customizable chamber spectral response is described which can be used at least to tailor chamber performance for wafer heating, wafer cooling, temperature measurement, and stray light. In one aspect, a system is described for processing a treatment object having a given emission spectrum at a treatment object temperature which causes the treatment object to produce a treatment object radiated energy. The chamber responds in a first way to the heating arrangement radiated energy and in a second way to the treatment object radiated energy that is incident thereon. The chamber may respond in the first way by reflecting the majority of the heat source radiated energy and in the second way by absorbing the majority of the treatment object radiated energy. Different portions of the chamber may be treated with selectively reflectivity based on design considerations to achieve objectives with respect to a particular chamber performance parameter.

The invention discloses an atmospheric detection laser radar based on a superconducting single-photon detector. Optical pulse emitted by a laser pulse generation unit points to a detected atmosphere through a transmitting telescope and a laser scanning unit, background noise of an atmospheric echo signal is filtered out by an optical preprocessing unit, an optical processing unit extracts atmospheric information, a superconducting single-photon detection unit detects the atmospheric echo signal, a data acquisition card collects the signal, and finally, a subsequent data inversion and display unit inverts and displays atmospheric parameter information. The atmospheric detection laser radar of the invention is different from the existing atmospheric detection laser radar in that the atmospheric detection laser radar of the invention uses a superconducting single-photon detector with low dark count, high quantum efficiency, wide wavelength response and low time jitter as a detection unit. By using the superconducting single-photon detector, the atmospheric detection laser radar has the advantages of high spatial resolution, high temporal resolution, large detection distance, high detection precision, and the like.

System and method are provided for controlling emergency lighting where emergency lights turn on when main source of power goes out for controlling emergency lighting to conserve energy utilized by the emergency light, while maintaining good visibility of the emergency lighting. Solid state lighting, such as LED, is used within an emergency light to add light in blue wavelength region matching the light output to the most sensitive of wavelength response of the human eve to increase color perception and allows faster response time. Electrical current to the device and light output are reduced while LED light tends to increase its blue wavelength component as it is dimmed thus increasing effective light output. After a predetermined time, the light is purposefully dimmed to conserve energy and to allow the eye to slowly and safely adjust to the new lighting conditions. By reducing electrical current, energy storage batteries may be smaller than for similar unit that maintains constant light output.

A sprayable coating composition for a bare portion of an optical fiber that includes a refractive index grating having a characteristic wavelength response. A coating composition comprises a curable composition having a viscosity from about 0.05 Pa-sec to about 0.30 Pa-sec for spray application to cover the bare portion of the optical fiber, to protect the refractive index grating. A photoinitiator reacts with actinic radiation in the presence of oxygen to cure the curable composition covering the bare portion of the optical fiber. The characteristic wavelength response of the grating exhibits substantially linear variation between a lower limit of temperature and an upper limit of temperature when the curable composition has a glass transition temperature either above the upper limit of temperature or less than about 30° C. above the lower limit of temperature.

Structures and methods for three-dimensional image sensing using high frequency modulation includes CMOS-implementable sensor structures using differential charge transfer, including such sensors enabling rapid horizontal and slower vertical dimension local charge collection. Wavelength response of such sensors can be altered dynamically by varying gate potentials. Methods for producing such sensor structures on conventional CMOS fabrication facilities include use of “rich” instructions to command the fabrication process to optimize image sensor rather than digital or analog ICs. One detector structure has closely spaced-apart, elongated finger-like structures that rapidly collect charge in the spaced-apart direction and then move collected charge less rapidly in the elongated direction. Detector response is substantially independent of the collection rate in the elongated direction.

A method of tuning optical components integrated on a monolithic chip, such as an optical transmitter photonic integrated circuit (TxPIC), is disclosed where a group of first optical components are each fabricated to have an operating wavelength approximating a wavelength on a standardized or predetermined wavelength grid and are each included with a local wavelength tuning component also integrated in the chip. Each of the first optical components is wavelength tuned through their local wavelength tuning component to achieve a closer wavelength response that approximates their wavelength on the wavelength grid.

An electronic imaging system operates as closely as possible to the cone spectral response space to obtain a human eye-like long, medium, short (LMS) wavelength response. An input image, for example, red-green-blue (RGB), is transformed to an LMS color space similar to the human long-, middle-, and short-wavelength cone receptor responses. Adaptation levels for each LMS component are calculated. The adaptation levels are then used to adjust the sensitivity of each LMS sensor response to obtain an LMS component image. The LMS component image then is transformed back to an RGB component image for further processing or display.

The invention provides methods for calibrating spectral data acquisition systems. These calibration methods produce spectral data sufficiently accurate for use in tissue classification algorithms. The invention improves the accuracy of spectral-based tissue classification schemes, in part, by properly accounting for spatial variations, instrument-to-instrument variations, and patient-to-patient variations in the acquisition of spectral data from tissue samples. Effects that are accounted for include, for example, stray light effects, electronic background effects, variation in light energy delivered to a tissue sample, spatial heterogeneities of the illumination source, chromatic aberrations of the scanning optics, variation in wavelength response of the collection optics, and efficiency of the collection optics.

The present invention provides an apparatus for determining a wavelength of an optical signal by determining a coarse wavelength response and a fine wavelength response. The coarse wavelength response is achieved by utilizing an optical filter. A suitable detector detects the wavelength-dependent response and conveys the determined coarse wavelength response to the processing logic. The fine wavelength response is achieved by utilizing an interferometer that is capable of generating an interference pattern. Two detectors are disposed in the interference pattern at a quadrature separation from each other and detect the intensity responses at their respective locations. The intensity responses are conveyed to a unit that determines the fine wavelength response. Finally, the processing logic determines the wavelength utilizing the determined coarse wavelength response and the determined fine wavelength response.

An optical multiplexer that adjusts the wavelength response and compensates for temperature effects by using rotatable mirror. The wavelength response of the device is adjusted by aligning the mirror at a correct angle with respect to the surface terminating the optical waveguide grating. The temperature dependence of the index of refraction of the material comprising the waveguides is compensated for by rotating a reflecting surface of the mirror, the rotation based on differential thermal expansion. Some exemplary embodiments may comprise a slab waveguide on a substrate (the slab waveguide having a first and second arcuate end surfaces) attached to a submount, a mirror assembly rigidly attached to the submount (the mirror assembly comprising a first and second materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion), and an optical waveguide grating (upon the substrate attached to the submount) optically coupled between the second arcuate surface and the mirror assembly. A portion of the mirror assembly between the reflector surface and where the mirror assembly is rigidly attached to the submount deforms as a function of temperature to change an angle between the optical waveguide grating and the reflecting surface.

Disclosed is a wavelength multi / demultiplexer for separating two wavelength bands with a narrow wavelength spacing. A dielectric multilayer filter is provided in an intersection portion where two optical waveguides intersect each other and separates incident light to the dielectric multilayer filter to transmitted light and reflected light. Here, the distance X from the multilayer surface on the light-incident side of the dielectric multilayer to the central intersection point of the two intersecting optical waveguides is arranged to satisfy 0≦X≦d / 2 (where “d” represents the thickness of the dielectric multilayer). With this configuration, a multi / demultiplexer can be realized that shows good wavelength response without spectral degradation even for two wavelengths having narrow wavelength spacing.

The invention discloses a solar cell which consists of a plurality of stack 'pn' knot structures and a plurality of tunnel-through junction layers, wherein the tunnel-through junction layers are positioned between the stack 'pn' knot structures; moreover, one of the stack 'pin' knot structures comprises at least one p-typed semiconductor layer, one n-typed semiconductor layer, and one gradient superlattice structure positioned between the p-typed and the n-typed semiconductor layers. An energy gap of the gradient superlattice structure is between the energy gap of indium gallium phosphide (InGap) and the energy gap of gallium arsenide (GaAs). Therefore, a wavelength response range can be improved up to 1.0ev to add the wavelength response frequency spectrum; besides, owing to the gradient superlattice structure, a voltage barrier come up against by a current carrier in the area is relatively small and is easy to be stepped over, thus adding efficiency.

An optical multiplexer that adjusts the wavelength response and compensates for temperature effects by using rotatable mirror. The wavelength response of the device is adjusted by aligning the mirror at a correct angle with respect to the surface terminating the optical waveguide grating. The temperature dependence of the index of refraction of the material comprising the waveguides is compensated for by rotating a reflecting surface of the mirror, the rotation based on differential thermal expansion. Some exemplary embodiments may comprise a slab waveguide on a substrate (the slab waveguide having a first and second arcuate end surfaces) attached to a submount, a mirror assembly rigidly attached to the submount (the mirror assembly comprising a first and second materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion), and an optical waveguide grating (upon the substrate attached to the submount) optically coupled between the second arcuate surface and the mirror assembly. A portion of the mirror assembly between the reflector surface and where the mirror assembly is rigidly attached to the submount deforms as a function of temperature to change an angle between the optical waveguide grating and the reflecting surface.

A micro piezo-optic composite transducer comprises: dielectric material; electrodes situated over opposing surfaces of the dielectric material; an optical fiber embedded in the dielectric material, the optical fiber configured to have a wavelength response as a function of material strain; and piezoelectric fibers embedded in the dielectric material and situated on opposing sides of the optical fiber.

The invention provides a parameter calibration system of an acousto-optic tunable filter, comprising a controlling and processing computer, an optical grating monochrometer, a mercury argon gas light source, an optical path section, a precision electronic control rotary table, a high-precision radio frequency driver, a photomultiplier, a CCD light distribution detector and a precision electronic control translation guide rail; and the optical path section is mainly composed of a reflecting mirror, a semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, a Glan-Taylor prism, a collimating lens, an aperture and a focusing lens. The invention has complete calibrating system and high calibrating precision, can carry out automatic calibration on parameters like AOTF light beam incident angle, the off-axis angle theta alpha, the angular aperture delta, wavelength response function, wavelength frequency tuning relation, deflection angle beta and the like, is applicable to the index inspection of the AOTF product, the research of AOTF light spectrum and imaging characteristics, and provides technical parameters for the integration of AOTF spectrometer.

A customizable chamber spectral response is described which can be used at least to tailor chamber performance for wafer heating, wafer cooling, temperature measurement, and stray light. In one aspect, a system is described for processing a treatment object having a given emission spectrum at a treatment object temperature which causes the treatment object to produce a treatment object radiated energy. The chamber responds in a first way to the heating arrangement radiated energy and in a second way to the treatment object radiated energy that is incident thereon. The chamber may respond in the first way by reflecting the majority of the heat source radiated energy and in the second way by absorbing the majority of the treatment object radiated energy. Different portions of the chamber may be treated with selectively reflectivity based on design considerations to achieve objectives with respect to a particular chamber performance parameter.

The present disclosure is a infrared sensor capable of being integrated into a IR focal plane array. It includes of a CMOS based readout circuit with preamplification, noise filtering, and row / column address control. Using either a microbolometer device structure with either a thermal sensing element of vanadium oxide or amorphous silicon, a nanocomposite is fabricated on top of either of these materials comprising aligned or unaligned carbon nanotube films with IR trans missive layer of silicon nitride followed by one to five monolayers of graphene. These layers are connected in series minimizing the noise sources and enhancing the NEDT of each film. The resulting IR sensor is capable of NEDT of less than 1 mK. The wavelength response is from 2 to 12 microns. The approach is low cost using a process that takes advantage of the economies of scale of wafer level CMOS.

System and method are provided for controlling emergency lighting where emergency lights turn on when main source of power goes out for controlling emergency lighting to conserve energy utilized by the emergency light, while maintaining good visibility of the emergency lighting. Solid state lighting, such as LED, is used within an emergency light to add light in blue wavelength region matching the light output to the most sensitive of wavelength response of the human eve to increase color perception and allows faster response time. Electrical current to the device and light output are reduced while LED light tends to increase its blue wavelength component as it is dimmed thus increasing effective light output. After a predetermined time, the light is purposefully dimmed to conserve energy and to allow the eye to slowly and safely adjust to the new lighting conditions. By reducing electrical current, energy storage batteries may be smaller than for similar unit that maintains constant light output.

Optical filters, filter systems, and methods for filtering optical signals transmitted along optical fibers provide enhanced filter performance by combining the capabilities of different types of filters particularly for dense wavelength division multiplexed systems. More specifically, the spectral skirt or transition wavelength range between a pass band wavelength range and a blocked wavelength range of a thin film pass band or dichroic filter is enhanced by arranging the thin film filter in series with one or more Fiber Bragg Gratings. The Fiber Bragg Gratings will generally reflect a portion of the signal within the spectral skirt or transition wavelength range of the thin film filter. Although short Fiber Bragg Gratings generally block a quite narrow range of signals, the steep spectral skirt of the grating, when combined with the broader wavelength response of a thin film bandpass or dichroic filter, results in a composite filter structure which exhibits the beneficial characteristics of each of its components.

A passive optical sensor operates independently of light amplitude by using a semiconducting carbon nanotube material. The material has an optical property dependent on wavelength, e.g., wavelength of absorption, ratio of absorptions at two wavelengths, or fluorescence at one wavelength in response to light at another wavelength. The property is changed by compressing the material or exposing the material to a charge. Light is passed through the material so that the change in the property can be detected.

The invention relates to a parameter calibration method of an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF). The calibration data of the wavelength response function, the wavelength frequency tuning relationship, the deflection angle beta, the wavelength relationship and the like of the AOTF are processed according to the principle of the AOTF, a method of combining a parameter theory expression and a least squares principle is adopted to inverse the internal parameters of the AOTF, and an approximation technology of an optical grating of an emergent face is adopted to realize the simulation of a light path of the AOTF. In the invention, the data processing method is novel, the accuracy of a processing result is higher, and the inversed internal parameters of the AOTF can provide an improved basis for the production of the AOTF and provide a light path tracking method for the optical design of a spectrograph of the AOTF.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a nonmetallic element-doped MxFe3-xO4@TiO2 magnetic composite material. A double-cavity polytetrafluoroethylene-lining stainless steel reaction kettle is used for synthesizing the target composite material under high temperature and high pressure. The method comprises the following steps: taking water-soluble metallic M<2+> salt, Fe<3+> salt, titanium salt and inorganic nonmetallic salt as raw materials, and stirring and dissolving M<2+> salt, Fe<3+> salt and a surfactant into an ethanol solution, and synthesizing magnetic MxFe3-xO4 nano-particles under an alkaline condition by virtue of a solvothermal method; ultrasonically dispersing and uniformly mixing the MxFe3-xO4 nano-particles, nonmetallic salt and titanium salt in the ethanol solution, performing reaction for 8 to 15 hours by adopting a high-temperature high-pressure vapor-thermal method, and performing separation, washing, drying and grinding to obtain the target product. The composite material is doped with nonmetallic elements, so that the photoeffect wavelength response range of TiO2 can be widened; by MxFe3-xO4, the forbidden bandwidth of TiO2 can be effectively reduced; in addition, by the magnetic property, the catalytic material can be efficiently recycled; the whole preparation method is simple in flow, and has the advantages of safety, high efficiency, low cost, environment friendliness and the like.