144results about "Organic decomposition" patented technology

The present invention relates to a process for the production of five-membered or six-membered cyclic ethers, in particular of anhydropolyols, by acid-catalysed cyclodehydration of polyols that contain at least two hydroxyl groups with a spacing enabling ring formation-that is to say, preferably with a spacing of 4 or 5 C atoms. The invention is directed in particular towards the production of anhydrotetritols, anhydropentitols and, particularly preferred, anhydrohexitols, from tetritols, pentitols and hexitols, respectively.

A process for making a fluorinated olefin having the step of dehydrochlorinating a hydrochlorofluorocarbon having at least one hydrogen atom and at least one chlorine atom on adjacent carbon atoms, preferably carried out in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of (i) one or more metal halides, (ii) one or more halogenated metal oxides, (iii) one or more zero-valent metals/metal alloys, (iv) a combination of two or more of the foregoing.

Porous hexagonal, cubic, lamellar, wormhole, or cellular foam aluminosilicates, gallosilicates and titanosilicates derived from protozeolitic seeds or zeolite fragments using an organic porogen directing agent are described. The porous aluminosilicates optionally also can contain zeolite crystals depending upon the aging of the protozeolitic seeds. The silicon and aluminum, gallium or titanium centers in the structures are stable so that the framework of the structure does not collapse when heated in the presence of water or water vapor (steam). The steam stable compositions can be used as catalysts for hydrocarbon conversions, including the fluidized bed catalytic cracking and the hydrocracking of petroleum oils, and other reactions of organic compounds.

Mesoporous hexagonal, cubic, lamellar, wormhole, or cellular foam aluminosilicates, gallosilicates and titanosilicates derived from protozeolitic seeds using an ionic structure directing agent are described. The silicon and aluminum, gallium or titanium centers in the structures are stable so that the framework of the structure does not collapse when heated in the presence of water or water vapor (steam). The steam stable compositions can be used as catalysts for hydrocarbon conversions, including the fluidized bed catalytic cracking and the hydrocracking of petroleum oils, and other reactions of organic compounds.

The present invention relates to a process for producing an ether carboxylate which includes the steps of (1) reacting an aliphatic monohydric alcohol with an alkylene oxide in the presence of an alkali catalyst; (2) neutralizing a reaction solution obtained in the step (1) with an acid such as hydroxycarboxylic acids to obtain an ether alcohol; and (3-1) reacting the obtained ether alcohol with a monohalogenofatty acid or a salt thereof and an alkali metal hydroxide, or (3-2) subjecting the obtained ether alcohol to catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst. The obtained ether carboxylate has a less odor and a high quality and is therefore suitably used in the applications such as cosmetics and toiletries.

A defluorinating and degrading method of fluorine substituted compound is characterized by vacuum ultraviolet irradiating PFOS and PFOA etc. fluorine substituted compound at anaerobic condition, defluorinating reacting fluorine substituted compound at irradiation of 185nm ultraviolet mercury vapour light or 172nm xenon quasi molecule laser light, inducing protective inert gas or reducing gas for realizing anaerobic condition, or adding reducing substance or semiconductor catalyst with high conducting band energy level during reacting process to improve defluorinating and decomposing ratio. It achieves simple operation and non-toxic.

Method for treatment of fluid hazardous, organic waste materials, where a plasma of 2000-5000° C. temperature is generated by means of an electric arc in a plasma generator, the plasma torch is directed into a reactor, the reactor consists of three zones (4A, 4B, 4C), the plasma torch being introduced downwards into the uppermost first zone (4A), the fluid waste (1) being sprayed into the plasma torch in the first zone (4A), where it is heated to a temperature range of 1300-1600° C., the mixture of the plasma and the waste is introduced into the second zone (4B) of the reactor, where an oxidizing material is added (5) to the mixture, the combustion gas produced in the second zone (4B) is then led into the third zone (4C) of the reactor, where it is cooled rapidly by water spraying to a temperature range of 120-160° C., the cooled combustion gas is removed from the third zone (4C) of the reactor is led into a cooler. The plasma torch is generated from the mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen, the oxidizing material introduced into the second zone (4B) of the reactor is a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen. Subsequently the water content of the combustion gas is separated by condensing and is removed and the residual combustion gas is removed.

An efficient dehalogenation can be carried out by a method which comprises treating an organic compound containing a compound of halogen, such as fluorine or chlorine, as an impurity and having non-conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds, for example, butene polymer produced with a boron trifluoride catalyst, with an inorganic solid treating agent containing aluminum atoms. When the dehalogenation is conducted in the presence of a basic substance such as ammonia or an amine, it can be continued over long while inhibiting the isomerization of the non-conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds.

Disclosed is a reaction apparatus for organic and/or other substance(s) employing supercritical fluid(s) and/or subcritical fluid(s) permitting injection of organic substance(s) and/or other reactant substance(s) in homogeneous state(s) to reactor(s) without occurrence of clogging at location(s) of such injection, and also permitting actuation to occur in industrial fashion and at high energy efficiency. Reactor(s) (12) of this reaction apparatus comprise cylinder(s) (12a) and piston(s) (12b) provided at such cylinder(s) (12a). Actuation in periodic fashion is permitted by operating piston(s) (12b) to compress fluid vapor(s) and obtain supercritical fluid(s) and/or subcritical fluid(s); operating piston(s) (12b) in reverse direction(s) following conclusion of chemical reaction(s) of reactant substance(s), lowering temperature(s) and pressure(s) and stopping reaction(s); and removing, from cylinder(s) (12a), product(s) obtained while at the same time delivering new charge(s) of fluid vapor(s) to cylinder(s) (12a).

The invention provides a green plant source environmental protection solvent and a preparation method thereof. The environmental protection solvent is obtained by the microwave cracking of turpentineunder the action of a certain catalyst. The solvent comprises 15wt% to 35wt% of alpha pinene, 15wt% to 40wt% of D-hesperidene, 5wt% to 15wt% of longifolene, 5wt% to 15wt% of camphene, 1wt% to 5wt% ofterpenol and 0 to 2wt% of antioxidant. Compared with the prior art, the raw material of the green plant source environmental protection solvent completely comes from the turpentine of a pine and has low price and simultaneously, a new prospect is supplied to silvichemicals. The solvent as a natural carrier of pesticide replaces an aromatic solvent and a polar solvent with poor safety environmentalprotection, reduces the release of toxic and harmful organic solvents in the environment and has mild and simple preparation condition and low energy consumption.

The invention involves a new preparation method of hydrogenation dechlorination accelerant, it loads high scattering Pd atom cluster on nanometer amorphous alloy or nanometer Ni powder through replacement reaction, then prepares new surface NiPd alloy accelerant through crystallization treatment. The accelerant prepared through the invention has characteristics of small dimension of active components, good dispersion degree and high activity, and it applies to catalytic hydrogenation dechlorination reaction.

The present invention provides a tungsten trioxide microparticle carrying on its surface divalent copper salt. The divalent copper salt is utilized to perform a multi-electron reduction of oxygen. The tungsten trioxide exhibits a high oxidative decomposition activity when exposed to visible light.

The present invention relates, in part, to the discovery that the presence of HF in a HCFC-244bb feedstream in a reaction for the preparation of HFO-1234yf results in selectivity changeover from HFO-1234yf to HCFO-1233xf. By substantially removing HF, it is shown that the selectivity to HFO-1234yf via dehydrochlorination of HCFC-244bb is improved.

A preparation process of an acetylene derivative comprising reacting a compound having a skeleton represented by the formula (1): in the molecular formula with a compound represented by the formula (2): wherein R1, R2 R3 and R4 are individually an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and can be the same or different, R1 and R3 can bond each other to form a ring, and R1 and R2 or R3 and R4 can be bond each other to form one or two heterocyclic rings: or with a compound represented by the formula (3): wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are the same as in the formula (2), and X1 is a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom.

A downflow catalytic cracking reactor, comprising the following components: catalyst delivery pipe (1), reactor top cover (2), feed nozzle (3), reactor vessel (6), downflow reaction pipe (9), the upper end of the outer body is close connected to top cover (2) along the direction of circumference; the bottom of the outer wall body is close connected to the outer wall of the downflow reaction pipe; the upper section of the downflow reaction pipe is located inside the reaction vessel, while the lower section extends from the bottom of the outer body; feed nozzle (3) is located on the top cover (2) and/or side wall of the reactor vessel (6) with the outlet of the feed nozzle being above the inlet of the downflow reaction pipe; catalyst delivery pipe (1) is fixedly joined to the reactor vessel and in communication with catalyst lifting zone (7) formed by the reaction vessel and the downflow reaction pipe.

Disclosed is a process for treating wastes discharged from an acrylic acid production process and a consecutive polyacrylic acid production process in which at least one waste selected from the group consisting of waste oil, waste water, and waste gas from said acrylic acid production process, and waste water and/or waste gas from said polyacrylic acid production process are combusted simultaneously.

The present invention provides method of degrading halogenated arene with Al2O3 as dehalogenating agent. Hexachlorobenzene and dehalogenating agent Al2O3 in the amount of 5-100 times of hexachlorobenzene weight are mixed inside some container and reacted at 200-500 deg.c for 0.5-1.5 hr, so as to degrade hexachlorobenzene. The present invention has low cost, simple apparatus, short reaction period, low power consumption and other advantages, and can degrade halogenated arene in relatively low temperature. The method of the present invention is also suitable for degrading other halogenated arene, such as polychlorinated biphenyl, polybrominated biphenyl, BHC and DDT.