This invention discloses a method for preparing functional carbon materials with atomically dispersed Lewis acid-base sites, comprising: (1)
polymer preparation to obtain a
polymer sample; (2)
polymer modification to obtain a modified polymer sample; (3) polymer
carbonization: the modified polymer sample is heat-treated in a non-oxidizing
atmosphere to carbonize the modified polymer sample; after
carbonization, the
system is naturally cooled; then, after washing and
drying, the target functional carbon material is obtained. This invention utilizes atomically dispersed Lewis acidic
metal sites and basic N sites to modify carbon materials in situ. The prepared functional carbon material has a large specific surface area, well-developed pore structure, abundant acid-base sites, and an atomically
distributed structure, which can significantly improve the density of functional sites on the surface of the carbon material and its adsorption efficiency for
boron,
phosphorus, and
metal impurities. Its application in the purification of chlorosilanes can greatly reduce the load of subsequent
distillation and
impurity removal, and improve the yield and quality of high-purity chlorosilanes.