49results about How to "Negatively charged" patented technology

A process and a memory architecture for operating a charge trapping memory cell is provided. The method for operating the memory cell includes establishing a high threshold state in the memory cell by injecting negative charge into the charge trapping structure to set a high state threshold. The method includes using a self-converging biasing procedure to establish a low threshold state for the memory cell by reducing the negative charge in the charge trapping structure to set the threshold voltage for the cell to a low threshold state. The negative charge is reduced in the memory cell by applying a bias procedure including at least one bias pulse. The bias pulse balances charge flow into and out of the charge trapping layer to achieve self-convergence on a desired threshold level. Thereby, an over-erase condition is avoided.

A preparation method of a two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon-based titanium dioxide composite material includes: (1) etching Ti₃AlC2 with LiF/HCl to prepare two-dimensional transition metal carbide nanosheet; (2) preparing a nanosheet aggregate by electrostatic self-assembly of a two-dimensional transition metal carbide nanosheet and a positively charged nitrogen-containing cationic compound; (3) calcining the nanosheet aggregates to prepare a two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon-based titanium dioxide composite material. A method for degrading and removing organic pollutants in water includes (1) etching Ti₃AlC₂ with LiF/HCl to prepare two-dimensional transition metal carbide nanosheet; (2) preparing a nanosheet aggregate by electrostatic self-assembly of a two-dimensional transition metal carbide nanosheet and a positively charged nitrogen-containing cationic compound; (3) calcining the nanosheet aggregates to prepare a two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon-based titanium dioxide composite material; (4) placing the two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon-based titanium dioxide composite material into water containing organic pollutants to degrade and remove organic pollutants in water.

In a capacitive sensor, a sensing electrode is positively charged, the sensing electrode and a sensing capacitor are charge-balanced, the sensing electrode is negatively charged, and then the sensing electrode and the sensing capacitor are again charge-balanced. The sensing electrode is positively and negatively charged in the same period when the capacitive sensor is sensed. So, the invention can not only effectively improve the high-frequency external interference but also effectively resist the interference when an external direct current electrical field approaches.

A synchronized supercharge electrostatic field UV germicidal air filtration device is a high efficiency absolute air cleaner. It incorporates a dual function ionization system, electrostatic field filtration system UV light germicidal function within one system. This invention allows the physical size of air cleaning device to be substantially reduced while the absolute filtration efficiency is highly improved. This device provides a filtered and sterilized air output quality down to submicron size with quantifiable results; while it can be physically fit into an office partition wall. Secondly, both high voltage power supporting ionization and high voltage power supporting the electrostatic energy field are provided by one high voltage transforming circuit making it the most cost effective air filtration system.

It is possible to provide a device and a method for combusting particulate substances which particulate matters discharged from an internal combustion engine can be effectively combusted, and the device configuration is simple and does not become large and heavy. The combustion device has: an introduction portion 8 used to introduce a particulate matter-containing gas 5 discharged from the exhaust port of an internal combustion engine; a charging unit 11 which is provided on the downstream side of the introduction portion 8, and in which all or part of the particulate matters 6′ are e negatively charged by bringing the particulate matter-containing gas into contact with; an electric discharge unit 15 which is provided in an insulation pipe 100 which is connected to the downstream side of the charging unit 11, and in which the particulate matters 6′, all or part of which are negatively charged, are introduced into a silent discharge area A1 and are combusted with an increased retention time, the silent discharge area being generated between an anode and a cathode; a discharge portion 9 which is connected to the insulation pipe 100 at the downstream side of the electric discharge unit and which discharges the combusted gas; and a power source unit which applies an electric field to the charging unit and the electric discharge unit.

An image forming apparatus including: a developing device that develops an electrostatic latent image formed on an image bearing body into a visible image by using a charged developer, so as to form a developer image on the image bearing body; a developing-bias supplying device that supplies, to the developing device, a developing bias necessary for developing the electrostatic latent image into the visible image; a transfer device that transfers the developer image formed on the image bearing body onto a recording medium; a transfer-bias supplying device that supplies, to the transfer device, a transfer bias necessary for transferring the developer image onto the recording medium; and a controller that carries out at least one of (A) developing-bias-dependent transfer-bias control for controlling the transfer bias supplied by the transfer-bias supplying device to the transfer device, on the basis of the developing bias supplied by the developing-bias supplying device to the developing device, and (B) operation-amount-dependent developing-and-transfer-bias control for controlling the developing bias supplied by the developing-bias supplying device to the developing device and the transfer bias supplied by the transfer-bias supplying device to the transfer device, on the basis of an operation amount of the image forming apparatus.

A photoelectric conversion element having storage/discharge ability has a substrate layer that is formed of a conductive metal and is connected to a minus electrode of output electrodes, a collector electrode that is formed by being joined to one surface of the substrate layer, an n-type compound semiconductor layer that is formed of a dielectric composition containing a fullerene and is formed by being connected to the collector electrode, a p-type compound semiconductor layer that is formed in contact with the n-type compound semiconductor layer, and a pn-bulk layer that is formed between the n-type compound semiconductor layer and the p-type compound semiconductor layer and is intermittently in contact with the n-type compound semiconductor layer and the p-type compound semiconductor layer, and has a secondary battery arranged on the other surface of the substrate layer to provide a storage/discharge function. Also provided is the secondary battery preferably used herein.

Described herein are systems and methods for the generation of electric current and/or electric potential utilizing micro- or nano-channels and capillary flow, including fluidic or microfluidic batteries and electrochemical cells. The provided systems and methods use capillary force to promote fluid flow through micro- and nano-fluidic channels by evaporating fluid at one terminus of the channel, and the resulting fluid flow generates electric potential and or current. Advantageously, the described systems and methods remove the need for pressurized vessels or external pumps, increasing net energy generation and decreasing complexity and size of potential fluidic batteries.

The present invention relates to the use of charged cellulose nanocrystals as a corrosion inhibitor. According to one aspect, there is provided a corrosion inhibitor comprising of a plurality of charged cellulose nanocrystals fibrils. There is further provided a process for inhibiting corrosion of metal equipment where water can reside. According to a further aspect, the process includes adding an effective corrosion inhibiting amount of acid-form the cellulose nanocrystals. According to another aspect, the process includes selectively causing a first set of the cellulose nanocrystals to be negatively charged. The first set of the cellulose nanocrystals so charged function as an anodic corrosion inhibitor. The process includes selectively causing a second set of the cellulose nanocrystals to be positively charged. The second set of the cellulose nanocrystals so charged functions as a cathodic corrosion inhibitor.

Luminescent nanoparticles, preparation, and application thereof are disclosed. The luminescent nanoparticle consists of matrix, which is a macromolecular compound containing carboxyl group, and a rare-earth luminescent dye dispersed in the matrix. The preparation method of the luminescent nanoparticle comprises: dissolving the rare-earth complex luminescent dye and the macromolecular compound in organic solvent miscible with water, adding the solution into water, and forming the luminescent nanoparticle by coprecipitation-selfassembly process. The prepared luminescent nanoparticle has excellent long-wave excitational luminescent properties and good stability, and can be used in coupling the surface carboxyl group of a biomolecule. The biological probes based on such luminescent nanoparticles have wide application prospects on the aspects of high-sensitivity luminescent immunoassay, biological imaging and the like.

A water-in-oil emulsion ink comprises a water phase and an oil phase, wherein the water phase comprises a carbon black pigment having a pH of less than 6. The emulsion ink maintains stable rheology on ageing.

A device for imparting a combination of therapies to a user's body or body parts has a first battery-powered array submerged into a liquid contained in a first reservoir and a second battery-powered array submerged into a liquid contained in a second reservoir. Each array has one or more degradable electrodes that release ions into the liquid in the reservoir. The electrodes can be copper, zinc, steel, silver, nickel, or a combination thereof. The solution in the reservoir may contain positively or negatively charged medicament ions. During a therapy session, the device is operated in one or both of an electrolysis mode and an iontophoresis mode. Direct current is applied to one or more of the electrodes depending on the mode selected and other session parameters. The device uses a current and voltage regulator to deliver a regulated amount of current through the arrays regardless of the conductivity of the liquid, and electronic circuitry is used to control the duration, polarity, electrode choice, and intensity of the treatment. Excessive heat is dissipated with a heat sink.

The present invention discloses anamine modifying material which is a copolymer polymerized from an amine functional acrylate, a poly(ethylene glycol) functional acrylate and a cross-linker. The application of the amine modifying material in the bio-molecules separation area is also provided in the present invention.

The invention relates to freeze-dried compositions comprising

• • a) at least one polymer based on polyacrylic acids and salts thereof,
  • b) at least one natural polymer,
  • c) optionally at least one further polymer which differs from a) and b) and
  • d) optionally one or more active compounds and/or auxiliary substances.

The invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of such freeze-dried compositions, the combination of such freeze-dried compositions in kit-of-parts arrangements together with aqueous solutions and the use of the freeze-dried compositions and of the kit-of-parts combinations for cosmetic and pharmaceutical use, in particular for use as a cosmetic mask or as a wound covering and for the preparation of pharmaceutical agents for treatment of dermal wounds, such as, in particular, chronic wounds, ulcus cruris or decubitus.

An ink jet printer which is a recording device which ejects ink droplets onto a recording surface of a recording medium thereby recording, includes a material of slave rollers that are in contact with the recording surface in a transport path through which the recording medium is transported, the material being located on a polarity side opposite to a polarity in which mist that is generated in accordance with ejection of the ink droplets in a charge string is charged, further than a material of a member which configures the recording surface.

Compounds useful for associating with nanoparticle or microparticle emulsions to obtain magnetic resonance images permit control of the relaxivity of the signal and readily associate with the particulate components. The compounds are conveniently prepared from achiral derivatives of chelating moieties.

An image forming apparatus includes a transfer unit transferring a toner image on a first face of a sheet, a fixing unit fixing the toner image onto the first face of the sheet, and a sheet detecting unit detecting the sheet in a sheet transporting path. The sheet detecting unit includes a rotator which rotates by a slide contact on a second face which is backside of the first face of the sheet, and a supporting member which supports the rotator rotatably. The rotator is comprised of a material which is charged by the slide contact on the sheet with a first polarity, the first polarity being opposed to a second polarity with which a toner of the toner image is charged. The supporting member is comprised of a material charged by the slide contact on the sheet with the second polarity.

A combustion gas particle adhesion prevention boiler includes a furnace for containing a combustion gas and passing an exhaust gas; a dust collector for collecting combustion gas particles present in the exhaust gas; a combustion unit for combusting fuel and injecting a flame generated by the combustion into the furnace in order to generate the combustion gas; and a voltage application unit for negatively charging the fuel. The combustion gas particle adhesion prevention boiler, and a method using the same, prevent combustion gas particles generated by the combustion of fuel from being adhered to a tube, the inner wall of a furnace, etc., by applying a negative voltage to the combustion unit, and applying a positive voltage to a dust collector, such that the negatively charged combustion gas particles can be easily collected in the dust collector by the attractive force with the positively charged dust collector.