The invention discloses a nonglutinous rice callus culture medium and a genetic transformation method mediated by agrobacterium tumfaciens. The culture medium contains major elements, minor elements, organic elements and hormone in different culture stages which are required for the growth of nonglutinous rice calluses. The genetic transformation method of nonglutinous rice based on the culture medium comprises the steps of induction, subculture, pre-culture, co-culture, sieving, aftersieving, differentiation, rooting of the calluses and the like. The method is widely suitable for nonglutinous rice genotypes, all genetic transformation of the tested 35 nonglutinous rice genotypes are successful, and the transformation rate is between 20% and 50%. The genetic transformation method solves the technical problem of low genotype reliance and transformation frequency existing in the nonglutinous rice callus culture and mediation of agrobacterium tumfaciens for a long time, and is widely applied to the research in the molecular biology, the functional genomics of the nonglutinous rice and the genetic improvement of varieties. The planting area of the nonglutinous rice accounts for more than 80% of the total production area of the nonglutinous rice, and the genetic transformation method has an important function on the research of the basic biology, the improvement of new varieties and the safety guarantee of future grain.