The invention discloses a fast constructed three-span continuous space special-shaped cable-stayed combined bridge and a construction method. Technical and structurally innovation is carried out on acable-stayed bridge with the span being 120 m to 200 m and the ratio of the main span to the side span being (3-4):1, a steel cable rope of a conventional cable-stayed bridge is replaced with a cable-stayed rod part with a special 3D hollow steel pipe section, the rigidity of the cable-stayed rod part is increased to basically eliminate the sag influence of the original steel cable rope, the stress level is greatly reduced, the stress amplitude is reduced, and the anti-fatigue life and the service life of the bridge under repeated loads are prolonged. The number of needed cable-stayed components is greatly reduced, the indeterminate frequency is reduced, the construction process is simplified, and construction difficulty is reduced. A steel-concrete combined structure and a high-performance concrete bridge deck slab are adopted, therefore, the dead load of the bridge is reduced, main components can be machined and prefabricated in a factory, the site operation time is shortened, the construction progress is improved, and the negative influence on traffic is reduced. In addition, the bridge is novel in structure and has unique aesthetic value.