Fullerene derivatives are widely applied to solar cells, cosmetics, biological medicine and other aspects; metallic oxides are applied to catalysis, semiconductor devices, energy storage and other aspects due to the advantages of good stability, easiness for preparation, controllable morphology and the like. The invention provides a preparation method for preparing a composite material by mixing a hydrophilic fullerene derivative with titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminium oxide and other inorganic oxides. A flexible ether oxygen chain contained in the fullerene derivative disclosed by the invention is used for providing a hydrophilic group and improving the compatibility of the hydrophilic group and the oxide; in addition, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer are introduced as a thickening agent and a film forming agent. The composite materials can be prepared into nano-powder body, films or porous materials, have the advantages of high stability and strength, controllable morphology, easiness for processing and the like and can be used as plates, films, coatings, filling particles and the like for clearing free radicals in smog or atmosphere, resisting bacteria and being taken as battery active layers and the like.