175 results about "High energy photon" patented technology

Disclosed herein are radiation therapy systems and methods. These radiation therapy systems and methods are used for emission-guided radiation therapy, where gamma rays from markers or tracers that are localized to patient tumor regions are detected and used to direct radiation to the tumor. The radiation therapy systems described herein comprise a gantry comprising a rotatable ring coupled to a stationary frame via a rotating mechanism such that the rotatable ring rotates up to about 70 RPM, a radiation source (e.g., MV X-ray source) mounted on the rotatable ring, and one or more PET detectors mounted on the rotatable ring.

Methods and systems for processing an analog signal that is generated by a high energy photon detector in response to a high energy photon interaction. A digital edge is generated representing the time of the interaction along a first path, and the energy of the interaction is encoded as a delay from the digital edge along a second path. The generated digital edge and the delay encode the time and energy of the analog signal using pulse width modulation.

A collimator for collimating high-energy photons, which may be used in medical imaging (e.g., nuclear medicine). The collimator has holes through the thickness (height) of the collimator, with the holes arranged in groups or clusters. The collimator may be used with a detector having an array of pixels, wherein each group of holes may be associated with a corresponding pixel, thereby providing multiple collimator holes per pixel. In one embodiment, each group of holes has septa of a given width separating the holes in that group, and each group of holes is separated from neighboring groups by septa of another, greater width. In another embodiment, the intra-group septa may be recessed from the top and/or bottom surface(s) of the collimator such that these septa have a smaller thickness (height) than the inter-group septa.

Methods and computer readable media are disclosed for ultimately developing a dosimetry plan for a treatment volume irradiated during radiation therapy with a radiation source concentrated internally within a patient or incident from an external beam. The dosimetry plan is available in near"real-time" because of the novel geometric model construction of the treatment volume which in turn allows for rapid calculations to be performed for simulated movements of particles along particle tracks therethrough. The particles are exemplary representations of alpha, beta or gamma emissions emanating from an internal radiation source during various radiotherapies, such as brachytherapy or targeted radionuclide therapy, or they are exemplary representations of high-energy photons, electrons, protons or other ionizing particles incident on the treatment volume from an external source. In a preferred embodiment, a medical image of a treatment volume irradiated during radiotherapy having a plurality of pixels of information is obtained.

An infrared photodetector containing a region of semiconductor quantum dots (1), n type doped in the barrier region (2), and sandwiched between respective layers of semiconductors of n type (3) and p type (4). When infrared photons (5) are absorbed, they create electronic transitions (6) from the confined states in the dots (7) to the conduction band (8). This causes the appearance of a voltage between device p (9) and n (10) contacts or the production of an electrical current. In either way, the detection of the infrared light is possible. A low band-pass filter (12) prevents high energy photons (13) from entering the device and causing electronic transitions (14) from the valence (15) band to the conduction band (8).

The present application relates to novel excitable particles which can be used in the health sector. It more particularly relates to particles which can generate electrons and/or high energy photon when excited by ionizing radiations such as X- Rays, γ-Rays, radioactive isotope and/or electron beams, and to the uses thereof in health, in particular in human health. The inventive particles are made of an inorganic material comprising oxygen, in particular an oxide, said material having an adequate density, and can be activated in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo, by controllable external excitation, in order to disturb, alter or destroy target cells, tissues or organs. The invention also relates to methods for the production of said particles, and to pharmaceutical or medical device compositions containing same.

The invention provides an extrahigh energy electron beam or photon beam radiotherapy robot system which comprises a laser driving system, a laser plasma accelerator, an electron beam focusing system, a photon beam aiming system, a robot body and a laser beam stabilization system. The laser driving system generates and spreads intense laser pulses to the laser plasma accelerator installed at the tail end of the robot body, and therefore electron beams are generated; the electron beam focusing system guides the electron beams to diseased parts of a patient; the photon beam aiming system enables the electron beams to generate high energy photon beams so that extrahigh energy electron beam radiotherapy or photon beam radiotherapy can be performed; the robot body spreads the electron beams or the photon beams to the diseased parts of the patient in multiple directions; the laser beam stabilization system monitors the positions of laser beams and corrects errors. The extrahigh energy electron beam or photon beam radiotherapy robot system is more compact, more efficient, cheaper and easier to operate and has higher performance than an external irradiation radiation therapy system in the prior art.

Methods and system are described for monitoring the composition of a cement slurry or wellbore service fluid, including one or more feeder units for solid particulate material; one or more mixing or blending units adapted to receive material from the feeder units; one or more outlet tubes to direct the cement slurry or wellbore service fluid to a storage facility or into a wellbore; and a control unit connected to at least one densitometer to monitor the density of the cement slurry or wellbore service fluid; wherein the densitometer comprises a generator free of radioactive material and capable of generating high-energy photons based on accelerating or decelerating electrons.

A hybrid imaging system includes a magnetic resonance scanner and a second modality imaging system disposed in the same radio frequency isolation space. The second modality imaging system includes radiation detectors configured to detect at least one of high energy particles and high energy photons. In some embodiments a retractable radio frequency screen is selectively extendible into a gap between the magnetic resonance scanner and the second modality imaging system. In some embodiments shim coils are disposed with the magnetic resonance scanner and are configured to compensate for distortion of the static magnetic field of the magnetic resonance scanner produced by proximity of the second modality imaging system.

In an apparatus and method to acquire images with the aid of high-energy photons for the examination soft tissue parts, two x-ray exposures are simultaneously obtained in different energy ranges. At least two scintillators that transmit optical photons to associated detectors are disposed in the beam path of the x-ray photons.

The invention discloses a fluorescent material with an ultrahigh quantum yield and an application of the fluorescent material, belongs to the technical field of lighting, and particularly relates to a down-conversion fluorescent material and the application thereof, with an ultrahigh quantum yield, cooperatively absorbed by high-energy photon of lighting clusters composed of three or more Yb3+ions and discretely transmitted by a plurality of low-energy photons. The fluorescent material is composed of inorganic substrate materials and lanthanide-based ytterbium ion Yb3+ions which is doped in the inorganic substrate materials in the form of the clusters, and the molar concentration of the Yb3+ions is calculated to be from 0.01% to 20% on the basis that the sum of the molar concentration of whole metal positive ions is 100%. The number of the Yb3+ions in the clusters is three, four, five or more. The fluorescent material can be applied to improve photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells, and reduce ultraviolet irradiation intensity and photovoltaic cell thermalization loss.

The invention discloses an industrial waste cracking incineration exhaust gas denitration system. The system comprises a gas overheat protector, a thermal gas mass flow meter, a mixed gas flow rate control valve, a bag-type dust collector, a semiconductor pump rubidium vapor laser array decomposition reactor, a flue gas cooling system, an exhaust fan, and the like. According to the invention, high energy of rubidium vapor laser is creatively utilized. Under direct irradiation of rubidium laser, electrons in nitrogen oxide molecules in the exhaust gas are subjected to rubidium laser high-energy photon bombardment, such that energy level transition occurs. Therefore, the strength of N-O bond in the nitrogen oxide molecules is gradually reduced, and finally bond breakage and dissociation occur, such that the nitrogen oxides are decomposed into harmless nitrogen and oxygen. With the system, overheat protection can be carried out upon the entire system according to the inlet gas temperature of the industrial waste cracking incineration exhaust gas; and waste gas nitrogen oxide concentration can be regulated to a value within the concentration range of a system designed load.

A method and apparatus for real time imaging and monitoring of radiation therapy beams is designed to preferentially distinguish and image low energy radiation from high energy secondary radiation emitted from a target as the result of therapeutic beam deposition. A detector having low sensitivity to high energy photons combined with a collimator designed to dynamically image in the region of the therapeutic beam target is used.

The invention discloses an up-conversion solar cell, relating to a solar cell. The up-conversion silicon solar cell is a nano up-conversion luminescence layer (3) prepared with nano up-conversion luminescent materials by the method of carrying out spin coating or screen printing on the back surface of the silicon solar cell (2); sunlight (1) comes in from the front of the silicon solar cell (2). The materials of the nano up-conversion luminescence layer (3) are silicon dioxide-lanthanum fluoride nanocrystalline glass ceramics doped with erbium ions, or silicon dioxide-lanthanum fluoride nanocrystalline glass ceramics doped with both erbium ions and ytterbium ions or zinc sulfide doped with erbium ions. The nano luminescence layer is 0.5-2um thick. The up-conversion silicon solar cell can convert the low-energy photons which can not be effectively absorbed by the silicon solar cells to the high-energy photons which the silicon solar cells can respond to, thus expanding the spectral response range of the solar cells, improving the service efficiency of sunlight in unit area and lowering the cost.

A method and apparatus for the remote, non-invasive detection or characterization of materials manifests a controlled temperature perturbation to the sample material location concurrently with sample interrogation by ionizing radiation and with detection of the response emission energy spectra. This configuration induces and detects Doppler effects manifested at the sample location, allowing material inventory and composition measurements, and allowing a comparative reduction of the exposure duration compared to other isothermal proportional count, coincidence count or spectral analysis techniques. The method and apparatus apply primarily to the detection of elements and isotopes in baggage handling, cargo inspection, chemical characterization, process control and geologic operations, though the method and apparatus are not restricted to these applications. Though the magnitudes of the measured effects are substance specific, the contributing physical processes are not strictly material dependent, allowing method and apparatus applications to almost any high-energy photon-emitting material in multiple applications.

A system for producing beams of high energy photons and neutrons and a method to use such beams to actively interrogate and detect concealed nuclear materials, radiological materials, and chemical explosives.

The invention provides a grid mould for an emission imaging device, a detector and an emission imaging device. The grid mould comprises a shell, multiple transverse walls and multiple longitudinal walls, wherein the transverse walls are located in the shell and transversely extend along the shell in parallel, the longitudinal walls are located in the shell and longitudinal extend along the shell in parallel, the transverse walls and the longitudinal walls divide a lower space in the shell into multiple grid grooves distributed in a matrix mode, and the heights of the transverse walls and the longitudinal walls are gradually reduced from the periphery of the shell to the center of the shell. The heights of the transverse walls and the longitudinal walls are precisely measured, the grid mould can accurately control projection distribution of visible photon groups generated due to high-energy photon annihilation, and accordingly the best crystal decoding effect can be achieved. The grid mould can be manufactured by assembling the transverse walls and the longitudinal walls such as sheets, precise control over surface performance, appearance and the size can be achieved, and performance of the detector is remarkably improved.