40 results about "Lanthanum fluoride" patented technology

The invention belongs to the field of waste resource recovery treatment, and provides a method for combined recovery of lithium iron phosphate and ternary battery powder, which comprises the following steps: mixing and grinding decommissioned lithium iron phosphate and ternary battery powder, partially oxidizing lithium iron phosphate, then carrying out acid leaching, adding an oxidizing agent and a specific oxidation accelerator La2O3-LaF3 in the leaching process, and carrying out acid leaching to obtain lithium iron phosphate and ternary battery powder; carrying out heating reaction on the obtained leached slurry to obtain a lithium extraction solution, and then removing impurities to obtain a pure lithium solution; the impurity removal comprises the following steps: removing fluorine by using lanthanum salt to obtain lanthanum fluoride slag, and recycling the obtained lanthanum fluoride slag as an oxidation accelerant. Lithium iron phosphate is partially oxidized into more stable iron phosphate and lithium oxide by utilizing the oxidability of ternary battery powder, complete oxidation of lithium iron phosphate is effectively promoted by matching with an oxidation accelerator La2O3-LaF3 selected in the acid leaching process, use of hydrogen peroxide is avoided, LaF3 can be regenerated for use through the rear-end comprehensive impurity removal process, the resource utilization rate is increased, and the production cost is reduced. And the economic cost is reduced.

According to the preparation technology of the wide-temperature-range wear-resistant self-lubricating composite coating, a double-ceramic-layer structural system is adopted, the matching performance between the coating and a base body and the matching performance between the coatings are integrally improved, the oxidation resistance and the thermal cycle performance of the coatings are improved, and peeling of the coatings in the using process is reduced; nickel-chromium / chromium carbide is sprayed on the surface of a metal matrix through supersonic speed to serve as a wear-resistant coating bottom layer, lanthanum fluoride-containing nickel-chromium / chromium carbide is sprayed through supersonic speed flame to serve as a wear-resistant self-lubricating surface layer, the friction coefficient is reduced, the friction performance is improved, and it is guaranteed that the coating system has satisfactory coating thermal cycle performance. The method has the advantages that the matching property of the coating and a metal matrix is improved, the oxidation resistance of a wear-resistant coating system is improved, and the coating system is ensured to have good frictional wear performance and satisfactory thermal cycle performance of the coating. The service life of parts can be prolonged by 2-10 times, and the device can also be applied to other power machinery fields and has a very wide market prospect.

The invention specifically discloses a positive plate and a lithium ion battery applying the same. The positive plate comprises a current collector, a bottom coating and a positive active material layer, the bottom coating and the positive active material layer are sequentially arranged on at least one surface of the current collector, and the bottom coating is located between the current collector and the positive active material layer; the bottom coating layer comprises lanthanum fluoride nanoparticles and lithium aluminum titanium phosphate; the positive active material layer includes a ternary active material. The high-temperature-resistant performance of the high-nickel lithium battery can be remarkably improved while the high-nickel lithium battery has the dynamic performance of the high-nickel lithium battery.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing a hexagonal tantalum pentoxide single crystal thin film, belonging to the technical field of optoelectronic information functional materials. Using tantalum ethoxide as an organometallic compound material and high-purity oxygen as the oxidizing gas, a twin-free hexagonal tantalum pentoxide single crystal thin film is prepared on a hexagonal lanthanum fluoride single crystal substrate using metal organic chemical vapor deposition equipment. The hexagonal tantalum pentoxide single crystal thin film prepared by the present invention has high single crystal quality and good stability, and therefore has good application prospects in the field of semiconductor devices.

The present invention provides a fluoride ion secondary battery, comprising a positive electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer and a negative electrode layer, wherein the positive electrode layer comprises a positive electrode active material, the positive electrode active material comprises a composite fluoride of copper and a fluorine compound, the solid electrolyte layer comprises BaCaF4, the negative electrode layer comprises a negative electrode active material, a conductive aid and a solid electrolyte, the negative electrode active material comprises a lanthanide fluoride doped with an alkaline earth metal fluoride, the conductive aid comprises a carbon material, the solid electrolyte contained in the negative electrode layer comprises at least one of BaCaF4 and SrCaF4, and the lanthanide fluoride doped with an alkaline earth metal fluoride and the carbon material are composited.

The application discloses an active carbon / fluoride ion conductor composite electrode and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: 1) taking active carbon as raw material to prepare a column-shaped carbon electrode blank; 2) taking lanthanum fluoride and barium fluoride according to a proportion, uniformly mixing, and then pre-sintering under high-temperature conditions, crushing, and obtaining fluoride ion conductor powder with a chemical formula of La 1‑ x Ba x F 3‑x , x=0.05-0.1; 3) adding a sintering aid into the obtained powder, uniformly mixing, then adjusting into a paste shape with a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and coating the paste on the inner side of the carbon electrode blank to obtain an active carbon / fluoride ion conductor laminated body; and 4) sintering the obtained active carbon / fluoride ion conductor laminated body under high-temperature conditions, and the composite electrode is obtained. The composite electrode prepared by the method has good fluoride ion conduction capacity, can effectively improve the defluorination efficiency of the electrode, and realizes high-efficiency fluoride ion removal.

A coated optical component including a substrate comprising at least one surface and an atomic layer deposition coating deposited on the surface of the substrate, the atomic layer deposition coating comprising a first layer of lanthanum fluoride. The atomic layer deposition further coating including a carbon concentration of about 10,000 ppm or less, an oxygen concentration of about 10,000 ppm or less, and a sulfur concentration of about 500 ppm or less.

The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic non-metallic materials, and particularly relates to a lanthanum oxyfluoride compound as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the lanthanum oxyfluoride compound provided by the invention comprises the following steps: dropwise adding ammonia water into a rare earth nitrate solution, adjusting the pH value to 9-10, and carrying out heat preservation and aging to obtain a precipitate A; rare earth nitrate in the rare earth nitrate solution comprises lanthanum nitrate; mixing the precipitate A and a sodium fluoride solution, and refluxing to obtain a precipitate B; and calcining the precipitate B to obtain the lanthanum oxyfluoride compound. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, dropwise adding ammonia water to regulate and control the pH value to prepare rare earth layered hydroxide, then replacing with sodium fluoride to obtain lanthanum sodium pentafluoride, and finally calcining to obtain lanthanum oxyfluoride powder with different crystal forms. The whole technological process is mild in reaction conditions and simple in operation steps.

The invention discloses a modified polyethylene double-wall corrugated pipe material and a preparation method thereof, and the pipe material comprises the following raw materials by weight: 70-80 parts of high density polyethylene, 10-15 parts of linear low density polyethylene, 0.5-2 parts of a crosslinking modifier, 0.5-1 part of dicumyl peroxide, 0.1-0.5 part of a main antioxidant, 0.1-0.3 part of an auxiliary antioxidant, and 5-10 parts of a flexibilizer. The invention relates to a high-strength high-toughness alloy which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of lanthanum fluoride (LaF3), 2-3 parts of cerium fluoride (CeF3), 3-5 parts of SMC crystal whiskers, 3-5 parts of basic magnesium sulfate crystal whiskers coated with tannic acid and 6-10 parts of zinc borate crystal whiskers. The rare earth compound lanthanum fluoride, the lanthanum fluoride, the SMC whisker, the basic magnesium sulfate whisker coated by tannic acid and the zinc borate whisker are added, so that the thermal stability and the mechanical property of the material can be greatly improved, and the material is not easy to decompose at a relatively high temperature; and the cerium compound and the zinc borate whisker can catalytically esterify into carbon when the polyethylene is combusted, and a compact and continuous carbon layer is quickly formed on the surface of the polyethylene, so that the flame retardant property of the polyethylene is improved.

A method for improving the surface cracks of a lanthanum fluoride film layer includes the steps of: S1, incorporating lanthanum fluoride material into yttrium oxide material to form a mixed material, with the yttrium oxide material accounting for 0.2% - 1.0%; S2, placing the mixed material in an evaporation boat, covering it with a lid, and the lid has a through-hole; S3, heating the workpiece disk to 150 - 300 °C and maintaining it constant; S4, evacuating the coating chamber and maintaining it below 3.0×10<supgt;−3< / supgt> Pa; S5, preheating the mixed material in the evaporation boat by resistance heating, with the preheating using step-by-step interval heating and insulating after each step of heating, and the final temperature of the preheating being set to 80 ± 5% of the evaporation temperature of lanthanum fluoride under the maintained vacuum; S6, after the preheating in step S5 is completed, introducing argon into the coating chamber and maintaining the vacuum degree of the coating chamber at 1.0×10<supgt;−2 Pa, continuing resistance heating for evaporation coating, using segmented interval coating, pausing after each coating of 200 - 300 nm thickness, and accumulating the coating thickness until it reaches more than 1000 nm; S7, performing stepwise cooling 20 - 40 min after step S6 is completed; S8, taking out the workpiece disk together with the coating on the workpiece disk.

To provide a transparent material having similar optical transmissivity to that of monocrystalline of barium fluoride.SOLUTION: Barium fluoride sintered compact has transmissivity of 85% or more to light of 550 nm wavelength and transmissivity of 80% or more to light of a range of 340 nm or longer and 2000 nm or shorter and to light of a range of 4.5 μm or longer and 10.5 μm or shorter.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

The invention discloses a flexible silicon-based negative electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof.The unit structure of the flexible silicon-based negative electrode material is obtained by taking carbon fiber as a substrate, growing a vertical carbon nano tube through chemical vapor deposition and sequentially carrying out magnetron sputtering on nano silicon and lanthanum fluoride on the surface of the vertical carbon nano tube, and the preparation method of the flexible silicon-based negative electrode material comprises the following steps that S1, the carbon fiber is pretreated; s2, growing SiO2 on the surface of the carbon fiber; s3, vertically growing a carbon nanotube through chemical vapor deposition, heating to 800-900 DEG C in an inert atmosphere, injecting the precursor solution, keeping the temperature for 30-40 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and taking out; s4, carrying out surface magnetron sputtering of nano silicon; and lanthanum fluoride is subjected to magnetron sputtering on the surface of S5, the vertical carbon nanotubes can effectively accommodate volume expansion of silicon without damaging the integrity of the overall electrode structure, and the lanthanum fluoride (LaF3) subjected to magnetron sputtering remarkably improves the interface stability and the overall performance of the electrode.

The invention belongs to the technical field of rare earth aluminum alloy production, and discloses a method for preparing an aluminum-yttrium alloy wire in a continuous and stable temperature reduction manner, which comprises the following steps: weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75-85 parts of aluminum ingot, 4.5-5.5 parts of aluminum fluoride, 4.5-5.5 parts of yttrium oxide, 5-10 parts of lanthanum fluoride and 2-4 parts of calcium fluoride; an aluminum ingot is taken and placed in a medium-frequency smelting furnace to be heated and melted into metal aluminum melt; the metal aluminum melt is taken and placed in a medium-frequency smelting furnace to be heated, aluminum fluoride, yttrium oxide, lanthanum fluoride and calcium fluoride are sequentially added for smelting, and an alloy solution is obtained; and putting the alloy solution into a holding furnace, adding lanthanum fluoride and calcium fluoride, cooling to 700-720 DEG C, continuing smelting, feeding the smelted alloy solution into continuous casting extrusion equipment, cooling, casting and extruding to obtain an aluminum yttrium wire rod product. The method is simple in process and convenient to operate, and the problem that in the aluminum-yttrium alloy machining process, alloy crystals are distributed unevenly, and the performance of the obtained wire is reduced due to coarse grains can be solved.

This invention discloses a rare-earth metal fluoride superionic conductor dielectric film and its preparation method. The dielectric film is prepared from a rare-earth metal fluoride superionic conductor using a thermal evaporation method. The rare-earth metal fluoride superionic conductor is selected from scandium fluoride, yttrium fluoride, lanthanum fluoride, cerium fluoride, neodymium fluoride, samarium fluoride, europium fluoride, gadolinium fluoride, holmium fluoride, erbium fluoride, ytterbium fluoride, praseodymium fluoride, promethium fluoride, terbium fluoride, dysprosium fluoride, thulium fluoride, and lutetium fluoride. This invention utilizes thermal evaporation to heat and evaporate the rare-earth metal fluoride source material into a gaseous state within an evaporation system. The gaseous fluoride directly adheres to a substrate placed above the source material and recrystallizes. This allows for controllable thickness and defect number of the rare-earth metal fluoride, resulting in high integration. Therefore, rare-earth metal fluoride superionic conductor dielectric materials show great potential in the design and manufacture of novel functional devices.

The invention provides a submerged-arc welding flux for T / P 91 and T / P 92 steel of an ultra-supercritical thermal power generating unit. The submerged-arc welding flux comprises the following components: 36-42% of fluorite, 3-8% of aluminum fluoride, 0.6-2.2% of lanthanum fluoride, 1-6% of marble, 1-3% of magnesite, 3-8% of alpha-type aluminum oxide, 1-3% of bentonite, 2-5% of bauxite, 2-8% of cryolite, 5-15% of fused magnesite, 2-6% of wollastonite, 6-14% of manganese-silicon alloy and 1.2-2.8% of silicon-calcium alloy. When the submerged-arc welding flux is matched with T / P91 and T / P92 steel submerged-arc welding wires, the welding weldability is excellent, no iron particle bulge or undercut exists in a welding seam, a weld toe line is neat, deslagging is excellent, and the welding seam is attractive in forming. The obtained deposited metal is low in crack sensitivity and porosity, excellent in high-temperature creep property, good in impact toughness and low in temper brittleness.

A solid-state imaging device according to an embodiment includes: a semiconductor substrate including a photoelectric conversion element; a lens disposed above a first light incident surface of the photoelectric conversion element; and a plurality of columnar structures disposed on a surface parallel to the first light incident surface that is located between a second light incident surface of the lens and the first light incident surface of the photoelectric conversion element. The columnar structure includes at least one of silicon, germanium, gallium phosphide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, hafnium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide, niobium pentoxide, magnesium oxide, tantalum pentoxide, titanium pentoxide, titanium oxide, tungsten oxide, yttrium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconia, cerium fluoride, gadolinium fluoride, lanthanum fluoride, and neodymium fluoride.

The application discloses a welding rod for 1000MPa high-strength steel and a preparation method thereof. The welding rod comprises a coating and a welding core, and the coating is wrapped on the outside of the welding core. The coating powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of fluorite, 20-30 parts of dolomite, 5-8 parts of strontium carbonate, 2-5 parts of sodium titanium silicate, 5-10 parts of potassium oxalate, 5-10 parts of atomized ferrosilicon, 2-5 parts of titanium powder, 0.5-1.0 parts of lanthanum cerium fluoride, 1-5 parts of lithium carbonate, 1-2 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.5-1.5 parts of copper powder and 8-15 parts of iron powder. The welding rod has excellent all-position welding process performance, the arc is stable during welding, fine droplet transition is presented, the molten slag has moderate fluidity, the welding spatter is small, and the weld formation is fine and beautiful.

The invention discloses an ultraviolet optical filter for disinfection and a coating method thereof, and relates to the technical field of optical thin film manufacturing. According to the invention, high-purity fused JGS1 quartz glass is used as a coating substrate, lanthanum fluoride and magnesium fluoride are used as coating materials, so that the ultraviolet optical filter with higher transmittance is prepared, and coating is carried out in a thermal resistance evaporation mode in a vacuum environment, so that the stability of fluoride is enhanced, the transmittance of the ultraviolet optical filter is improved, and the service life of the ultraviolet optical filter is prolonged. According to the present invention, the film material is adopted, and the small amount of the silver fluoride is doped in the film material, such that the fluorine loss phenomenon existing in the film coating process of the fluoride can be solved, the large temperature drift phenomenon occurring after the temperature rising during the use of the traditional ultraviolet light filter can be reduced, and the energy transmission efficiency of the ultraviolet sterilization lamp can be improved.

The invention provides a Si-coated LaF3 composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.The method comprises the steps that nanometer silicon and lanthanum fluoride powder are subjected to ball milling in an inert environment to obtain the Si-coated LaF3 composite material, and the mass ratio of the dosage of the lanthanum fluoride powder is 10%-30% according to the sum of the dosage of the nanometer silicon and the dosage of the lanthanum fluoride powder.

The invention discloses a hot press molding process of Mg / PVDF pyrotechnic composition, and relates to the technical field of pyrotechnic composition material preparation. According to the process, magnesium powder and modified polyvinylidene fluoride are used as raw materials, an additional binder does not need to be added, and the modified polyvinylidene fluoride is prepared by compounding polyvinylidene fluoride and silane modified nano lanthanum fluoride. The pyrotechnic composition finished product is prepared through the steps of screening, wet mixing and grinding, die-filling oscillation, hot press molding, demolding and trimming and the like. Polyvinylidene fluoride is selected to replace traditional polytetrafluoroethylene as an oxidizing agent, has appropriate melting point and decomposition point characteristics, forms a stable hot working interval, is high in fluorine content, and can fully react with magnesium powder to release energy. The process improves the forming quality and combustion stability of the pyrotechnic composition.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic lanthanum fluoride and zinc co-doped tin oxide target material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new materials and solar cells. The method comprises the following steps: preparing composite slurry from lanthanum fluoride, zinc nitrate and SnCl4. 5H2O through a hydrothermal reaction, cleaning the composite slurry, sequentially carrying out three-step sequential surface modification on the slurry by using a boric acid ester coupling agent, sodium aliphatate, sodium polyacrylate and a sodium citrate solution, and carrying out spray drying, stepped cold isostatic pressing forming and segmented temperature-controlled sintering, so as to obtain the composite material. And finally processing and binding to obtain the target material. According to the invention, through hydrothermal synthesis and sequential surface modification, uniform distribution of doped elements and excellent dispersity of powder are realized; the high-density and low-resistivity target material is obtained through a unique low-pressure-high-pressure-medium-pressure stepped pressing process and segmented sintering. The method is environment-friendly in process, the green dispersing agent is used, wastewater discharge is reduced, and the prepared target material is suitable for preparing a high-performance transparent conductive film.

The application discloses a room-temperature quick-drying type lubricating wear-resistant corrosion-resistant function integrated coating, a coating and a preparation method. The function integrated coating comprises the following raw materials in mass fractions: 8-14 parts of mixed resin; 7-13 parts of lubricating filler; 0.5-1.5 parts of reinforcing filler; and 70-80 parts of dispersion medium. The mixed resin is a combination of polyether sulfone resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, polyurethane resin and alkyd resin, or a combination of polyether sulfone resin, acrylic resin and polyurethane resin; the lubricating filler is a combination of polytetrafluoroethylene and molybdenum disulfide; the reinforcing filler is a combination of nano lanthanum trifluoride and nano cerium oxide; and the dispersion medium is a mixture of trichloromethane and trichloroethane. The coating has the functions of lubrication, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, mold resistance and the like, the salt mist resistance is improved to 240 hours or more, and the wear life is greater than or equal to 60 minutes and the friction coefficient is less than or equal to 0.15 under the conditions of high load and high speed.

The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating grease, in particular to a lubricating grease composition as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The lubricating grease composition comprises base oil, a thickening agent and an additive, the base oil is composed of alkyl naphthalene synthetic oil and ester synthetic oil; the additive comprises an anti-wear reagent at extreme pressure; the anti-wear reagent at extreme pressure comprises at least two of nano lanthanum fluoride, nano cerium oxide, calcium silicate, triphenyl phosphate, graphite and molybdenum disulfide. The wind power lubricating grease provided by the invention not only has good high and low temperature performance and excellent oxidation resistance, but also has better lubricity and adhesivity, effectively reduces friction and wear of equipment, can meet the operation requirements of wind power equipment under severe conditions such as extreme temperature, humidity and salt mist, and has a wide application prospect. And the phenomena of equipment failure and shutdown caused by poor lubrication are avoided, and the service life of the wind power bearing is greatly prolonged.

The invention discloses main shaft bearing lubricating grease for a wind driven generator and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of lubrication, and the main shaft bearing lubricating grease comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-85 parts of base oil, 8-15 parts of a thickening agent, 2-6 parts of an anti-wear reagent at extreme pressure, 0.5-3 parts of an antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts of an anti-rust preservative, 1-3 parts of a structure control agent and 0.2-1 part of a metal deactivator. The base oil is a mixture of high-viscosity poly-alpha-olefin PAO and metallocene poly-alpha-olefin mPAO; the thickening agent is composite lithium calcium soap generated by reaction of 12-hydroxystearic acid, azelaic acid, lithium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide; the structure control agent is vinyl silicone oil; the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is a compound mixture of nano lanthanum fluoride, molybdenum dialkyl dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) and antimony dialkyl dithiophosphate; according to the preparation method, vinyl silicone oil is added in a specific high-temperature stage and a specific cooling rate is combined; the prepared main shaft bearing lubricating grease has better extreme pressure anti-wear performance and long service life, and has better adhesivity independent of a tackifier and better composite synergistic interaction optimization.

A coated optical component including a substrate comprising at least one surface and an atomic layer deposition coating deposited on the surface of the substrate, the atomic layer deposition coating comprising a first layer of lanthanum fluoride. The atomic layer deposition further coating including a carbon concentration of about 10,000 ppm or less, an oxygen concentration of about 10,000 ppm or less, and a sulfur concentration of about 500 ppm or less.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode material, a preparation method thereof and a lithium ion battery. The preparation raw materials of the lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode material comprise a cobalt-containing precursor, a lithium source, a first fluorine-containing additive and a second fluorine-containing additive, the first fluorine-containing additive comprises at least one of lithium fluoride, ammonium fluoride, ammonium bifluoride and polyvinylidene fluoride; the second fluorine-containing additive comprises at least one of barium fluoride, lanthanum fluoride, strontium fluoride, calcium fluoride and magnesium fluoride; in the sintering process of the lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode material, the first fluorine-containing additive which is volatile at a high temperature and the second fluorine-containing additive which is relatively large in element ion radius and relatively low in electronegativity are used, so that uniform growth of crystals and embedding of lithium ions can be promoted, the integrity of the crystals is improved, and internal holes and microcracks of the crystals are reduced; and the obtained lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode material is relatively small in internal stress, has relatively good thermal stability and electrochemical performance, and is beneficial to improving the rate capability of the battery.

The application belongs to the technical field of infrared coating and discloses a high-durability antireflection film for chalcogenide glass in the 3-5 mu m infrared band, which comprises a film system structure symmetrically arranged on both sides of a chalcogenide glass substrate, wherein the film system structure comprises, in sequence from the inside to the outside of the chalcogenide glass substrate, a first germanium layer, a first zinc sulfide layer, a second germanium layer, a second zinc sulfide layer, a third germanium layer, a third zinc sulfide layer, a ytterbium fluoride layer, a fourth zinc sulfide layer and a lanthanum fluoride layer. The film system structure is arranged on the chalcogenide glass substrate to improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and transmittance of the lens.

The present application relates to a kind of preparation method of silicon oxide package praseodymium lanthanum fluoride yolk-shell structure nanosphere, belong to nanometer material preparation technical field.The present application includes three steps:(1) preparation of electrospray solution;(2) using single-axis electrospray ionization technology to prepare PVP / [La (NO3) 3+Pr (NO3) 3+TEOS] Composite nanosphere;(3) preparation of LaF3:Pr 3+ @SiO2 Yolk-shell structure nanosphere, using ammonium hydrogen fluoride as fluorination reagent, activated carbon particle is auxiliary reducing agent, using double crucible fluorination technology, composite nanosphere is heated fluorination treatment in air, obtain LaF3:Pr 3+ @SiO2 Yolk-shell structure nanosphere, average diameter is 794.08±4.89 nm.The preparation method of the present application is simple and easy to operate, and can be mass-produced, and the nanometer material with this special structure has broad application prospect.

The invention provides a crystallization defluorination method for fluorine-containing wastewater in the presence of high-concentration sulfate radicals, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment.The crystallization defluorination method comprises the following steps that before defluorination is conducted on fluorine-containing water containing the high-concentration sulfate radicals, lanthanum fluoride crystal seeds, a composite regulator and a defluorination agent lanthanum hydroxide are added into the water, crystallization reaction conditions are controlled, and the fluorine-containing water containing the high-concentration sulfate radicals is obtained. Enabling fluorine ions and lanthanum hydroxide to form a stable fluorine lanthanum compound crystal through directional crystallization; fluorine lanthanum compound crystals are removed through solid-liquid separation, and deep fluorine removal of the water body is achieved. According to the present invention, with the lanthanum hydroxide crystallization method, by using the extremely low solubility product of the fluorine lanthanum compound, the efficient fixation of the fluorine ions can still be achieved under the interference of the high-concentration sulfate radical, the fluorine concentration of the treated water body is stably reduced to less than 10 mg / L, the secondary pollution is avoided, and the defects of poor selectivity and easy saturation in the high sulfate radical environment of the traditional adsorption method are overcome; the method is suitable for treating high-salt fluorine-containing water bodies such as mining area wastewater and metallurgical fluorine-containing wastewater.

A coated optical component including a substrate comprising at least one surface and an atomic layer deposition coating deposited on the surface of the substrate, the atomic layer deposition coating comprising a first layer of lanthanum fluoride. The atomic layer deposition further coating including a carbon concentration of about 10,000 ppm or less, an oxygen concentration of about 10,000 ppm or less, and a sulfur concentration of about 500 ppm or less.