The present invention relates to a three-dimensional real-time
attitude determination method for a polarization
compass based on a polarization
meridian plane. First, based on a solar polarization field imaging mode, the solar polarization neutral point and the solar vector are extracted respectively to establish a polarization
meridian plane model; secondly, based on the conversion relationship between the polarization
meridian plane in a
geographic coordinate system and a polarization coordinate
system, a measurement model of the polarization meridian plane is established; finally, based on the polarization meridian plane measurement model, a solar vector coordinate
system conversion model is combined to calculate the real-time attitude information of the polarization
compass, namely, the heading angle, the
pitch angle and the roll angle. The present invention uses a polarization meridian plane to characterize the propagation process of incident polarized light, expands a two-dimensional characteristic solar vector into a three-dimensional characteristic polarization meridian plane, and realizes autonomous
attitude determination of a polarization
compass without the aid of an external horizontal reference instrument, thereby solving the problem that polarization navigation cannot realize three-dimensional real-time
attitude determination when only a single solar vector is considered; and overcoming the requirement that the symmetric characteristics of the orientation method based on the polarization meridian need to be placed horizontally.