99 results about "Non platinum" patented technology

The invention relates to a non-platinum catalyst, in particular to an oxygen reduction catalyst for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and preparation and application thereof. The catalyst can be prepared by the following steps of: (1) synthesizing polypyrrole (PPy); and (2) preparing an M/N-C catalyst, wherein the M/N-C catalyst can be taken as a cathode oxygen reduction catalyst for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

A method of preparing non-platinum composite electrocatalyst for a fuel cell cathode, comprising: (1) preparing a carbon supporting titanium dioxide; (2) compounding the carbon supporting titanium dioxide with a transition metal macrocyclic compound in an organic solvent to produce a carbon supporting titanium dioxide-transition metal macrocyclic compound comprising 0.1-5 g/L of macrocyclic compound; and (3) thermal treating the resulting compound in step (2) at 100-1000° C. to produce a composite catalyst. The composite catalyst prepared with the method according to the present invention also has the advantages of better resistance to methanol and lower cost over the Pt/C catalyst. The said composite catalyst would have better prospects in application.

The invention provides a method for preparing a core-shell structure gas porous electrode catalyst, which belongs to the field of fuel cells. First, a homogeneously dispersed non-platinum-group transition metal M core is optionally deposited on a gas porous electrode which is bonded on perfluoro sulfonic acid resin, and then a M@Pt core-shell type catalyst is made through a chemical replacement reaction between the deposited non-platinum-group transition metal M core and a platinum salt solution. The invention has the advantages of simple process and low cost. The M@Pt core-shell type catalyst which is prepared by the invention is capable of effectively reducing the amount of precious metal platinum, improving the utilization ratio of the catalyst, and the catalyst is capable of replacing a prior commercial Pt/C catalyst.

The invention relates to a carbon-supported CoN fuel-cell catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst comprises the following components in mass percentage: 40-99 percent of carbon material and 1-60 percent of active component. The catalyst is prepared through the following steps of: dispersing the components into a mortar loaded with a solvent, fully grinding until the solvent is completely volatilized, and obtaining a catalyst precursor after vacuum drying; and roasting for 2-4 hours by increasing the temperature for 200-900 DEG C at the speed of 20 DEG C/minute under the protection of an inert-gas atmosphere. The catalyst is applied to alkaline fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells, direct ethanol fuel cells or low-temperature fuel cells. The catalyst is a non-platinum catalyst, so that the cost of the fuel cells can be markedly lowered; and the preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and easy to operate, has low cost, is suitable for industrialized production and has good application prospects.

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly discloses a metal selenide counter-electrode for a dye-sensitized solar cell and a preparation method of the metal selenide counter-electrode. The preparation method includes preparing metal selenide by the aid of a one-step hydrothermal synthesis method; realizing in-situ growth of the metal selenide on a conducting substrate without any other aftertreatment; and directly applying the metal selenide to the dye-sensitized solar cell so that better energy conversion efficiency can be obtained as compared with a pyrolysis platinum counter-electrode. A process is simple, the prepared non-platinum counter-electrode not only is high in catalytic activity, but also is cheap in price, the cost of the counter-electrode is greatly reduced, furthermore, the comprehensive cost of the dye-sensitized solar cell is reduced, and the metal selenide counter-electrode and the preparation method can be applied to large-scale industrial production of dye-sensitized solar cells.

A method of producing a composite carbon catalyst is generally disclosed. The method includes oxidizing a carbon precursor (e.g., carbon black). Optionally, nitrogen functional groups can be added to the oxidized carbon precursor. Then, the oxidized carbon precursor is refluxed with a non-platinum transitional metal precursor in a solution. Finally, the solution is pyrolyzed at a temperature of at least about 500° C.

An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell and a fuel cell including an electrode having the electrode catalyst, include a non-platinum (Pt) catalyst, and a cerium (Ce) metal catalyst, both of which are supported on a carbon-based catalyst support having an improved catalytic activity at a decreased cost. The non-Pt catalyst may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Mn, Pd, Ir, Au, Cu, Co, Ni, Fe, Ru, WC, W, Mo, Se, any alloys thereof, and any mixtures thereof, and the Ce metal catalyst may be a Ce oxide.

Disclosed is a core-shell-type platinum-containing catalyst that can reduce the amount of platinum used and has high catalytic activity and stability. Also disclosed are a process for producing the core-shell-type platinum-containing catalyst, an electrode, and an electrochemical device. The core-shell-type platinum-containing catalyst comprises particles each comprising a core particle (average particle diameter: R1) formed of a non-platinum element and a platinum shell layer (average thickness: ts) and satisfies the following relationships: 1.4 nm = R1 = 3.5 nm; and 0.25 nm = ts = 0.9 nm. The core particle contains an element satisfying Eout = 3.0 eV wherein Eout represents the average bound energy, based on Fermi level, of 5d orbit electrons of platinum present on the outermost surface of the platinum shell. A fuel cell comprising a platinum-containing catalyst as an anode catalyst, the platinum-containing catalyst comprising a Ru particle as a core particle, has an output density of not less than 70 mW/cm2 at a current density of 300 mA/cm2 and an output retention of not less than about 90%.

The invention provides a method for preparing a supported core-shell-structure nanometer catalyst. A core is non-platinum or low-platinum metal, a casing is made of platinum, and the catalyst can be used as a low-temperature fuel cell catalyst. The preparation method comprises utilizing supported non-platinum or low-platinum metal nano-particles to serve as a catalyst precursor, utilizing a weak reducing agent to deposit reducing platinum on the surface of the non-platinum or low-platinum metal. The preparation method is simple and effective, the prepared cell structure catalyst has small particle size and even particle size distribution, and the catalyst has good dispersity. In addition, the catalyst can improve utilization rate of platinum, reduces use amount of platinum, and presents high catalytic activity to oxygen reduction reaction.

The invention provides a catalyst for generating hydrogen by visible light photocatalytic reduction of water, and a preparation method thereof, wherein each 100mg of the catalysts contain 10-60mg of eosin-Y, 35-85mg of carbon nano tubes and 1-10mg of oxides. With the technical scheme of the invention, the eosin is used as a sensitizing agent, the carbon nano tubes are used as carriers and photogenerated electron channels, the oxides, such as copper oxide, are used as co-catalysts, so that hydrogen generation by visible light photocatalytic reduction of water is implemented. The catalyst has higher hydrogen generation activity under irradiation of the visible light, and can be used for generating hydrogen by visible light photocatalytic reduction of water. And the oxides substitute Pt to be used as the co-catalyst, thereby implementing non-platinum property of the catalyst.

The invention relates to a cathode non-platinum catalyst of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: melamine-formaldehyde resin preparation reaction is carried out, and metal salt is added into the melamine formaldehyde resin; complexing reaction occurs between the melamine formaldehyde resin and the metal salt to form a complex; and after solvent of the complex is evaporated, the complex is decomposed by heat treatment to form the cathode non-platinum catalyst with a hollow spherical structure of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The non-platinum catalyst has following advantages that firstly the non-platinum catalyst has a large activity ratio surface, so that the oxygen reduction activity of a catalyst is greatly improved; secondly the catalyst has a rich nitrogen source; thirdly the catalyst has an excellent activity of oxygen reduction; and fourthly the preparation method of the non-platinum catalyst is simple, and cheap metals such as Fe, Co and the like are used as the catalyst, so that the synthesis cost is lowered.

The invention provides a preparation method of a supported platinum-based alloy catalyst. The catalyst can be used as a low temperature fuel cell catalyst. The preparation method comprises the steps of taking ethylene glycol as a solvent and stabilizer, dispersing a carrier in the solvent, and reducing platinum and non-platinum precursors by strong reducing agents such as borohydride, hydrazine hydrate and tetrabutyl borohydride to obtain supported platinum-based alloy nanoparticles. The preparation method adopted by the invention is simple, effective and free of a problem of difficult removalof the stabilizer. The prepared alloy catalyst has a small particle size and uniform particle size distribution, and has good dispersion on the carrier at the same time. In addition, the catalyst canshow high area specific activity and unit mass Pt specific activity for oxygen reduction reaction, can effectively reduce the platinum consumption and has potential application prospects in the low temperature fuel cell.

Polymerized phthalocyanine compound with following general formulas can be used as cell cathode catalyst with direct alcohols as fuel. Polymerized phthalocyanine compound has more atoms which can form big ªð bonds, high catalytic activity and high selectivity, and large probability of 4e reduction by catalyzing oxygen for releasing oxygen completely. The compound belongs to non-platinums and alcohol-resistant catalyst.

Non-platinum (Pt) electrode catalysts for fuel cells, methods of manufacturing the same, and fuel cells including the non-Pt electrode catalysts. Each of the non-Pt electrode catalysts for fuel cells includes at least palladium (Pd) and iridium (Ir), and further includes a metal, oxide of the metal, or mixture thereof for compensating for the activity of Pd and Ir.

The present invention relates to a novel non-platinum metal catalyst material for use in low temperature fuel cells and electrolysers and to fuel cells and electrolysers comprising the novel non-platinum metal catalyst material. The present invention also relates to a novel method for synthesizing the novel non-platinum metal catalyst material.

The invention discloses a non-noble metal catalytic electrode, a film electrode and a preparation method of the non-noble metal catalytic electrode, wherein a catalytic layer on the surface of an electrode diffusion layer of the non-noble metal catalytic electrode is formed by thermally treating a precursor mixture of a catalytic layer material at the high temperature and growing or loading a catalytic ingredient on the electrode diffusion layer, the precursor mixture of the catalytic layer material comprises a transition metal precursor, a carbon source material and a nitrogen source material, the catalytic layer is porous ordered large-specific surface area non-platinum high-nitrogen carbon based catalytic ingredient containing transition metal, the catalytic activity is mainly from a multi-component system comprising carbon, nitrogen and the transition metal, a catalytic region is porous and highly ordered, has the characteristic of high hydrophobicity and the excellent performanceof conduction of gas and electrons, the integrally direct forming preparation method directly loads or grows a catalytic activity component on the surface of the electrode diffusion surface at one time, the time is saved, the production steps of the electrode are simplified, the waste of a catalyst is avoided, and the preparation method has the advantages of simple preparation, low cost and excellent performances.

The invention relates to a fuel cell catalyst, and concretely relates to an application of a novel non-noble metal catalyst in fuel cells. The catalyst comprises resorcinol, formaldehyde, a metal salt and 2-(2-pyridyl)-benzimidazole (C12H4N3). A molar ratio of resorcinol to formaldehyde is 1:5-5:1, and a molar ratio of the metal salt (by metal) to 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole is 1:10-10:1. A highly active non-platinum catalyst is prepared through the steps of carbonizing an organogel in 500-1200DEG C inert gas environment to prepare a carbon gel, dipping a metal organic complex (prepared through coordinating the metal salt with 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole), and pyrolyzing in 500-1200DEG C nitridation atmosphere environment. The non-noble metal catalyst has good redox activity and electrochemical stability in a flue cell cathode catalyst as a nonmetal catalyst.

The invention provides a fuel cell membrane electrode employing ruthenium telluride as a cathode and a preparation method. The membrane electrode comprises a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, wherein a carrier load of the cathode catalyst layer is a ruthenium-tellurium compound catalyst formed by ruthenium and tellurium or a ruthenium-based alloy nano-catalyst. The preparation method of the fuel cell membrane electrode comprises the steps of preparing paste for an anode, preparing the anode catalyst layer, preparing paste for a cathode and preparing the cathode catalyst layer, thereby finally completing preparation of the whole membrane electrode. The fuel cell membrane electrode has the beneficial effects that the fuel cell membrane electrodeis prepared by adopting the ruthenium telluride as the cathode catalyst layer instead of a traditional platinum-based catalyst layer, so that the preparation process is simple and the obtained membrane electrode is stable in performance and high in yield; and a non-platinum catalyst is utilized as the catalyst layer by the cathode, so that the cost of the fuel cell membrane electrode is greatly reduced, the poisoning resistance and the methanol oxidation resistance of the cathode are obviously improved and the fuel cell membrane electrode has a wide application prospect in a methanol fuel celland a small portable hydrogen fuel cell.

The invention discloses a composite polyepoxy chloropropane alkaline polymer membrane electrode and a preparation method thereof. The membrane electrode comprises an alkaline anion-exchange membrane and an electrode layer, wherein the alkaline anion-exchange membrane is prepared by the following steps: carrying out nucleophilic substitution reaction on halogen atom and tertiary amine to obtain quaternized polyepoxy chloropropane, and compounding with a porous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane; the electrode layer comprises a hydrogen electrode and an oxygen electrode, the hydrogen electrode comprises a gas diffusion layer and a hydrogen electrode catalytic layer sprayed on the gas diffusion layer, and the oxygen electrode comprises a gas diffusion layer and an oxygen electrode catalytic layer sprayed on the gas diffusion layer; the membrane electrode is integrally formed according to the combination sequence of the hydrogen electrode, the alkaline anion-exchange membrane and the oxygen electrode; and the gas diffusion layer is formed by adding hydrophobic polymer to the matrix carbon material. The alkaline membrane electrode disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple synthesis method of the alkaline anion-exchange membrane, and high ionic conductivity, can adopt a low-cost non-platinum-based catalyst, and is suitable for alkaline anion-exchange membrane fuel batteries.

Provided are a non-platinum oxygen reduction catalyst for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and a method for preparing the same. More particularly, an oxygen reduction catalyst in which chelated cobalt is impregnated on a conductive polymer coated on a carbon support and a method for preparing the oxygen reduction catalyst by coating a conductive polymer on a carbon support, impregnating chelated cobalt on the conductive polymer and then treating the same with heat and an acid are disclosed. The platinum-free oxygen reduction catalyst of the present invention has superior oxygen reduction activity and durability with high proportion of pyridinic and graphitic nitrogens on the catalyst surface, and thus can be usefully applied for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell.

A cathode catalyst for a fuel cell is inexpensive and has high durability against methanol. A method of manufacturing and fixing the cathode catalyst, and a fuel cell including it, are disclosed. The cathode catalyst includes a compound selected from the group consisting of PdSn, PdAu, PdCo, PdWO₃, and mixtures thereof. The present invention can provide a non-platinum-based cathode catalyst as a substitute for a platinum catalyst, the cathode catalyst having a low cost and improved catalyst activity, thereby contributing to popular use of a fuel cell. In addition, since the cathode catalyst of the present invention has high durability against methanol and can thereby be used with a fuel in a high concentration, it can increase the energy density of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).

A method of treating a transmissive body of zinc sulfide or zinc selenide includes placing a non-platinum metal layer, such as a layer of cobalt, silver, or iron on a surface of the transmissive body, and improving the optical properties of the transmissive body by subjecting the body and the layer to an elevated temperature and elevated pressure. The zinc sulfide or zinc selenide may be chemical vapor deposited material. The non-platinum metal of the layer may be such that a Gibbs free energy of formation of a most stable sulfide (or selenide) of the non-platinum metal is more negative than a Gibbs free energy of formation of a most stable zinc sulfide (or zinc selenide) configuration that is thermodynamically capable of reacting with the non-platinum metal. With this condition the non-platinum metal preferentially chemically bonds with free sulfur (or free selenium) in preference to zinc sulfide (or zinc selenium).