147 results about "Non target organism" patented technology

The invention relates to an oligochitosan and plant source substance-containing agricultural composition and applications, wherein the plant source substance is prepared by one or more of derris, tripterygium glycosides, tobacco, pyrethrum cinerariifolium, tagetes erecta, eupatorium adenophorum, radix stemonae, cayenne pepper, macleaya cordata, radix sophorae flavescentis, pyrethrum cinerariifolium, chinaberry, excoecaria sebifera, black nightshade herb, rhododendron sinensis sweet, coriaria sinica maxim, garlic, fruit of cubeb litsea tree, yellow flowered rhododendron, thymelaea, radix euphorbiae lantu, lysimachia foenum-graecum hance, peppermint, calamendiol, cortex cinnamomi, black pepper, artemisia scoparia, rhizoma alpiniae officinarum, mugwort, pepper, cynanchum komarovii, chinese honeylocust abnormal fruit, stramonium, ginko, camphora officinarum, caulis spatholobi, chinese mosla herb, herba asari, red sandalwood, erythrina indica, myrsine africana and fructus cnidii. The composition is low in people and livestock and non-target organism toxicity, fast degraded in the environment, low in residue, and free from environmental pollution. The oligochitosan and certain plant source substances in the composition are mixed and can achieve synergistic interaction, and the usage amount of the plant source substances can be reduced.

The invention relates to a botanical natural disinfectant, which is characterized in that the disinfectant is prepared by mixing active components including patchouli essential oil and composite of various plant essential oils and solvent; wherein, the active components are prepared by mixing 0.5 to 30.0 percent of patchouli essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, perilla essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, litsea cubeba essential oil and citronella essential oil and are used for preventing the crop disease caused by plant pathogenic bacteria. Compared with the original disinfectant, the botanical natural disinfectant has the advantages of good broad spectrum sterilization, safety to non-target organism and environment-friendly biodegradation.

The invention discloses an avermectin microcapsule suspending agent and a preparation method thereof. The avermectin microcapsule suspending agent mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 to 10 percent of avermectin, 5 to 40 percent of solvent, 1 to 8 percent of capsule wall material, 0.1 to 3 percent of protection glue, 2 to 5 percent of emulsifier, 3 to 5 percent of dispersant, 0 to 14 percent of adjuvant, and the balance of water. The preparation method for the avermectin microcapsule suspending agent comprises the following steps of: preparing avermectin microcapsules from an avermectin active substance serving as capsule cores and a carbamide resin serving as the capsule wall material by using an interfacial polymerization technology, and finally blending to obtain a microcapsule water suspending agent. Active ingredients of the avermectin microcapsule suspending agent are centralized in the capsule cores, and other media are almost water, so the environmental pollution is reduced and the production cost of products is also effectively reduced. The avermectin microcapsule suspending agent has the release control capacity and can prolong effective duration of pesticides by 3 to 10 times, so that the acute toxicity of technical materials is reduced and the toxicity of a preparation on non-target organisms is also reduced. The avermectin microcapsule suspending agent is safe to use and transport.

The purpose of the invention is to provide a compound enzymatic preparation which has a wide degrading spectrum and is capable of clearing residual pesticide on common vegetables and fruits, and decomposes the pesticide remained on the vegetables and the fruits into a nonpoisonous or low-toxic outcome and reduces the poisoning effect of the pesticide to a man and a non-target organism as well as the pollution to the environment. The invention also provides the application of the compound enzymatic preparation. The compound enzymatic preparation clearing the residual pesticide of the invention comprises organophosphorus hydrolase, carbamate hydrolase and pyrethroid hydrolase. Preferably, the three enzymes are derived from a gene expression of a microorganism. Compared with the traditional method, the method has the advantages of simplicity, safety and moderate required reaction condition, and can not influence the taste and the nutrition of the vegetables and the fruits; the compound enzymatic preparation is extremely easy to be cleaned and really clears the residual pesticide at the same time.

The invention relates to a safety evaluation method of transgene insect-resistant rice on predative natural enemy cyrtorhinus lividipennis. The safety evaluation method includes the five parts including Tier-1 toxicity testing, three-level nutrition testing, protein transferring rules, predation function reaction and population density and population dynamic comparison. The potential toxicity of Bt protein expressed by Bt transgene insect-resistant rice on the cyrtorhinus lividipennis are respectively evaluated by the five parts; influences of the Bt transgene insect-resistant rice on the cyrtorhinus lividipennis on prey media are evaluated; paths and degrees for the cyrtorhinus lividipennis to be exposed in Bt protein are evaluated; influences of the Bt transgene insect-resistant rice on the cyrtorhinus lividipennis population are evaluated. Finally generated ecological effects of transgenic crop planting on non-target organisms are comprehensively evaluated according to data in the five parts. The safety evaluation method is systematic and scientific, and is of great significance on perfecting influence studying of transgenic crops on the non-target organisms and determining the ecological safety of transgenic crop planting.

The invention relates to Eupatorium adenophorum spreng extract as rooting agent. Root, stem, leaf or seed of the Eupatorium adenophorum spreng are taken as raw materials and are dried, smashed and extracted to obtain the extract as the rooting agent. The invention for the first time adopts the Eupatorium adenophorum spreng extract as the rooting agent and has good effect on promoting of rooting. As the extract adopts the Eupatorium adenophorum spreng as the raw material, the extract can be degraded successfully in nature without residue and environment pollution; the extract is safe for the non-target organism and is environment friendly; meanwhile, the rooting agent provided by the invention which adopts the Eupatorium adenophorum spreng, a worldwide ill weed as the raw material provides a new way to prevent and remove and apply the ill weed.

The invention provides a pesticide carrier based on calcium carbonate. The pesticide carrier based on calcium carbonate comprises calcium carbonate micro-nanospheres with a particle size ranging from50 to 6000nm, and dopamine coating layers; the surfaces of the calcium carbonate micro-nanospheres are loaded with pesticide active components; and the calcium carbonate micro-nanospheres are coated by the dopamine coating layers. The invention also provides a preparation method and applications of the pesticide carrier based on calcium carbonate. According to the pesticide carrier based on calcium carbonate, under effective drug loading conditions, adhesion of drug-loaded microspheres at target parts is improved; loss of pesticide in fertilization process caused by drug liquid falling is reduced; calcium carbonate and polydopamine are excellent in biological compatibility and extremely low in toxicity and side effect, so that the pesticide carrier is friendly to non-target organisms; thepreparation method is simple; and reaction conditions are mild.

The invention relates to a microcapsule suspension, the high-efficiency cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension comprises the following components: 1-20% of high-efficiency cyhalothrin, 1-10% of a solvent, 1-8% of a capsule wall material, 0.1-3% of a protecting adhesive, 2-5% of an emulsifier, 3-5% of a dispersant, 0.01-14% of an adjuvant and 1-99% of water. The preparation method is characterized in that a high-efficiency cyhalothrin active substrate is taken as the capsule core, a polyurea resin is taken as the capsule wall material, an interfacial polymerization technology is used for preparing the high-efficiency cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension, and finally the cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension is prepared. The effective components in the cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension are concentrated in the capsule core, and other medium can be water, such that environmental pollution is reduced, and production cost is effectively reduced. The high-efficiency cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension has release controlling capability, pesticide lasting period can be prolonged by 3-10 times, acute toxicity of original medicine can be reduced, toxicity of the cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension on non-target organisms is also reduced, and the high-efficiency cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension is safe to use and transport.

An indoleamide derivative C14H14X1X2N2O2R1R2 used as antifoulant for preparing marine anti-fouling point is prepared through reaction between sodium polysulfide and methyl acrylate to obtain dimethyl dithiobipropionate, reaction on alkoxypropylamine to obtain N,N'-dialkylpropyl dithiopropanamide, and reaction on indole, haloindole, gramine, or halogramine to obtain target product.

The invention relates to an evaluation method of safety of genetically modified insect resistant rice relative to parasite anagrus nilaparvatae. The evaluation method includes three parts of Tier-1 toxicity determination test, wherein the potential toxicity of Bt proteins expressed by Bt-gene modified insect resistant rice on non-target organism anagrus nilaparvatae is evaluated; successive generation three-level nutrition test, wherein the influence of the Bt-gene modified insect resistant rice on the safety of the anagrus nilaparvatae through parasitic mediators is evaluated according to the food chain of rice-delphacidae-anagrus nilaparvatae; a protein transfer rule, wherein the way and degree that the anagrus nilaparvatae is exposed in the Bt proteins expressed by the Bt-gene modified insect resistant rice are identified through an ELISA detection means; finally, the ecological consequences generated by genetically modified crop cultivation on non-target organisms are evaluated synthetically according to the data of the three parts. The evaluation method is systematic and scientific, and has great significance for the research of the influence of genetically modified crops on the non-target organisms and ecological safety of genetically modified crop cultivation.

Embodiments of the invention relate to compositions and methods for selective pest control wherein the compositions include active agents that in combination have a first activity against a selected target pest and a second activity against a selected non-target organism and wherein the first activity is greater than the second. Further embodiments of the invention relate to a method for developing selective pest control compositions and low-resistance pest control compositions.

The invention provides a bactrocera dorsalis amphoteric attractant as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The bactrocera dorsalis amphoteric attractant comprises hesperetin, alcohols, ketones, methyleugenol, esters, vegetable oil, an antioxidant, added auxiliary components such as an antioxidant, an anti-ultraviolet agent and an anti-bactericide agent as well as a thickening agent, a slow-release agent and the like and is put in a deep color container with a cover so as to be preserved. The main components and the raw materials of the amphoteric attractant derive from natural plant extractives, so that the amphoteric attractant is environmentally-friendly and is safe for non-target organisms; the bactrocera dorsalis amphoteric attractant has a very good trapping effect on female adults and male adults of bactrocera dorsalis in combination with the integrated application of other solid sustained-release materials and is capable of effectively reducing the population cardinal number of the bactrocera dorsalis in a using region generation by generation. The bactrocera dorsalis amphoteric attractant is simple in synthesis process, low in cost and suitable for wide application and popularization in orange producing areas and other bactrocera dorsalis host crop producing areas and is also effective for injurious insects such as bactrocera zonata and melon flies.

The invention relates to a seed coating agent, in particular to a seed ginger seed coating agent for preventing ginger wilt. The seed ginger seed coating agent provided by the invention adopts active ingredients of low-toxicity reagents, which are safe to non-target organisms and environment, do not have adverse harm to human bodies and are suitable for the seed ginger treatment. Particularly, a compound recipe used by the seed coating agent can effectively utilize the efficient sterilizing effect of bromothalonil, meanwhile, a good protection effect of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics is utilized, and the medicine effect is enhanced, so the seed ginger seed coating agent has good effects of preventing and treating the ginger wilt. Meanwhile, the sterilization mechanisms of bromothalonil, pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics and the zhongshengmycin are diverse from each other, and the generation of medicine resistance of ginger wilt germs can be effectively relieved.

The invention relates to pueraria peduncularis extract used for preventing and treating plant diseases. Root, stem or leaf of the pueraria peduncularis are taken as raw materials and are dried, smashed and extracted to obtain the peduncularis used for preventing and treating the plant diseases. The pueraria peduncularis extract of the invention is used for preventing and treating the plant diseases with strong prevention and treatment effects and has effect on diversified plant diseases. As the extract adopts the pueraria peduncularis as the raw material, the extract can be degraded successfully in nature without residue and environment pollution; meanwhile, pathogenic bacteria are not easy to generate drug resistance so that the pueraria peduncularis extract is safe for the non-target organism and is environment friendly.

The invention discloses a botanical insecticide capable of preventing and treating aphids and acarids. The main ingredient of the botanical insecticide capable of preventing and treating aphids and acarids is a trifolium pratense extract. A trifolium pratense botanical pesticide provided by the invention has obvious contact toxicity on the aphids and the acarids, is low in pesticide resistance generation possibility, is environment-friendly and is safe to non-target organisms such as people and livestock. Main functional ingredients are separated and identified as flavonoid compounds, so that a premise is provided for further development and utilization. The botanical insecticide is rich in plant resources and simple in preparation process and has favorable development and application prospects and economic values in agricultural production.

The invention relates to a safety evaluation method of transferring Bt gene insect-resistant paddy for predator paederus fuscipes. The method comprises three parts which are three-level nutrition test, protein transfer rule and Tier-1 toxicity determination test, wherein each part evaluates the influence on the paederus fuscipes by the transferring Bt gene insect-resistant paddy through prey mediation, the approach and degree of the paederus fuscipes exposed to Bt protein, and the potential toxicity of the Bt protein expressed by the transferring Bt gene insect-resistant paddy to the paederus fuscipes, and finally ecological results to non-target organism by the transferring Bt gene insect-resistant paddy are comprehensively evaluated according to data on the three aspects. The evaluation method is systematic and scientific, and has important significance on perfecting the research on the influence of transferring Bt gene crop on non-target organisms and confirming the ecological safety of transferring Bt gene crop planting.

The invention provides a tomato gray mold antagonistic strain B-04-glu which is characterized by comprising four steps for the preparation: firstly, a strain of Bacillus cereus for high-efficient antagonistic gray mold is filtered from a soil sample infected by gray mold, and is named as B-04; secondly, bacteria solution which contains the B-04 bacteria is cultured; thirdly, ultrapure water, 1mM Hepes and electric shock buffer solution are used for washing in turn; fourthly, beta-1, 3-dextranase genes are transformed into the B-04 bacteria through electric shock method, and then the antagonistic strain B-04-glu is obtained. The antagonistic strain B-04-glu belongs to biological prevention and cure and does not contain compositions such as pyrilamine, pyrrole, acylamide and so on of chemical pesticide, thereby the antagonistic strain B-04-glu has the advantages of innocuity, no environmental pollution, difficult production of drug resistance, no residue, easy production, long effective period, strong curing ability, good application effect, safety on non-targeted organisms and so on and has wide application prospect.

The invention relates to a slow release natural pesticide, consisting of patchouli essential oil, an emulsifying agent and a slow release formulation; wherein, the emulsifying agent is non-ionic surfactant, the slow release formulation is alginate, cellulose or cyclodextrin. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 0.1 percent to 7.0 percent of patchouli essential oil is dispersed into the non-ionic surfactant, and the obtained mixture is mixed with the alginate, cyclodextrin or cellulose, then the mixture is dried and granulated; the preferable condition is that 0.25 percent to 4.00 percent of patchouli essential oil is dispersed into 4.0 percent to 10.0 percent of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, the obtained mixture is mixed and stirred with sodium alginate or Beta-cyclodextrin or carboxymethyl cellulose for 5 to 20min at the temperature of 10 to 100 DEG C and with the speed being 500 to 2,000r / min, then the mixture is dried and granulated. The slow release natural pesticide has the advantages of single object organism, safe non-target organism, high activity, no residue and easy degradation, and is applicable to long and effective prevention of crop diseases.

The invention discloses a microbial herbicide and relates to the technical field of pesticides. The microbial herbicide comprises components in parts by weight as follows: 10-30 parts of cup fungi, 10-20 parts of pseudomonas pseudoacaligenes, 5-10 parts of citrobacter, 3-7 parts of fusarium, 1-5 parts of entyloma, 15-25 parts of sclerotinia sclerotiorum, 3-10 parts of achromobacter and 15-25 parts of halobacterium. The microbial herbicide is prepared from microorganisms such as cup fungi, pseudomonas pseudoacaligenes, citrobacter, fusarium, entyloma, sclerotinia sclerotiorum and the like and has the advantages of high selectivity, safety for non-target organisms and mammal animals, good environment compatibility, few development cost, novel chemical structure and unique action mode by optimizing the proportion of the components.

The invention relates to a liquid formulation for trunk injection, in particular to the liquid formulation for trunk injection, which is used for preventing and curing kiwifruit canker. The liquid formulation for trunk injection adopts an active component, actually, a low-toxic agent which is no harmful to non-target organisms, environment, people and livestock. Therefore, the liquid formulation for trunk injection is suitable for kiwifruits and can effectively prevent the incidence and prevalence of the kiwifruit canker, and can cure the kiwifruit canker; meanwhile, the bactericide performance is better, as a mixed agent is adopted, rather than a single agent; and moreover, the use cost is effectively reduced, and drug resistance of bacteria is also reduced.

The invention belongs to the field of ecological risk assessment of genetically-modified crops and particularly relates to a detecting method for assessing the insect resistance of the transgenic Bt cotton by using chlaenius bioculatus motschulsky. The principle of the method is as follows: the food chain relation of chlaenius bioculatus motschulsky, cotton bollworm and cotton in the cotton field ecosystem is used, and the degree of death caused by the transgenic Bt cotton to the target organism which is the lepidopteron such as the cotton bollworm is reflected by the number of the predator clusters. The chlaenius bioculatus motschulsky is trapped by using the trap and the attractant in the perennially planting transgenic Bt cotton field and the contrast cotton field, and the number of the chlaenius bioculatus motschulsky in the perennially-planting transgenic Bt cotton field is compared with the number of the chlaenius bioculatus motschulsky in the contrast cotton field, and the comparison result shows that the number of the chlaenius bioculatus motschulsky in the perennially-planting transgenic Bt cotton field is lower than the number of the chlaenius bioculatus motschulsky in the contrast cotton field, which proves that the transgenic Bt cotton has higher insect resistance. The detecting method is accurate, is low in cost and is convenient to apply.

Compositions and methods for discriminately detecting the presence of a set of related genes from target organisms while avoiding detection of closely similar genes in non-target organisms. The present invention achieves this objective by a variety of novel nucleic acid constructs and methods. The nucleic acid constructs of the present invention are able to carry out this objective by virtue of the selected sequences of the compositions and by methods of use of such compositions.

The invention discloses application of nicotinamide for preparing fungicide used for controlling plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi. Indoor toxicity measurement shows that nicotinamide has good inhibitory activity on plant pathogenic fungi. The nicotinamide serves as the fungicide, has the advantages of being efficient and low toxic, and meets the requirement of plant disease chemical control. At present, a great amount of fungicide are used, the fungicide resistance of pathogenic fungi is enhanced, traditional fungicide has severe pollution on the environment, is high in vestigital, and directly threats food safety of human. Nicotinamide is a small molecule compound which is degradable, free of pollution, environmentally friendly, poor in fungicide resistance and safe to non-target organisms, man and beast, can guarantee high quality of agricultural products, fruits and vegetables, meets the demand of sustainable development, and is wide in research and market application prospect.

The invention relates to microbial source pesticide, in particular to an application of indole diketopiperazine derivatives. The indole diketopiperazine derivatives can be used for preparing agricultural insecticide and are shown as a formula (1) or a formula (2). The indole diketopiperazine derivatives related by the invention are used as microbial source natural products, only contain four kinds of elements including carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, can be easily degraded in environment and have small influence on non-target organisms, particularly on natural enemy of pests and beneficial microorganisms. The formula (1) and the formula (2) are shown in the accompanying drawing.

The invention relates to a growing ginger treating agent for preventing ginger blast. The ginger treating agent comprises active components, resistance inducer and auxiliaries, wherein the active components are compound compositions of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic and benziothiazolinone; effective components used for the treating agent are low-toxic medicaments, are safe to non-target organisms and environment, free of bad harm to human body and suitable for treating fresh growing gingers; particularly, compared with single dosage, because of compounding of the medicaments, the synergism is realized; meanwhile, the difference of microbe-killing mechanisms of two different medicaments is utilized, the production of drug resistance of the ginger blast is relieved.

The invention discloses a chenopodium ambrosioides volatile oil microcapsule and a preparation method thereof and solves the problem that a conventional chemical bactericide is short in lasting period. A core material of the chenopodium ambrosioides volatile oil microcapsule is chenopodium ambrosioides volatile oil; a wall material is beta-cyclodextrin; the volume-weight ratio of the chenopodium ambrosioides volatile oil to the beta-cyclodextrin is 1 to (6-10). The preparation method comprises the steps of heating distilled water, adding 9-15 percent of the beta-cyclodextrin into the distilled water for dissolving the beta-cyclodextrin, stirring at a constant speed to obtain a beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution, dissolving the chenopodium ambrosioides volatile oil through absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of the chenopodium ambrosioides volatile oil to the absolute ethyl alcohol of 1 to (15-30) to obtain a chenopodium ambrosioides volatile oil and ethyl alcohol solution, gradually dropwise adding the chenopodium ambrosioides volatile oil and ethyl alcohol solution into the beta-cyclodextrin aqueous solution, stirring to obtain a mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a refrigerator after the mixed solution is cooled, stewing the mixed solution, performing vacuum filtration, and drying the mixed solution until the weight is constant. The chenopodium ambrosioides volatile oil microcapsule has a good packaging effect, has the characteristics of being low in release speed, capable of prolonging of lasting period and safe to human and livestock and has small influence on the environment and non-target organisms.

Belonging to the technical field of pesticide preparations, the invention provides a targeted sustained-release nano-pesticide preparation for aphid control, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method includes: taking tripolyglycerol monostearate, P(HB-HO), an aphid control pesticide, PVA and aphid sex pheromone as the raw materials; dissolving tripolyglycerol monostearate, P(HB-HO) and the aphid control pesticide in an organic phase in order; dissolving PVA into a PVA aqueous solution of certain concentration, mixing the PVA aqueous solution with the organic phase, and conducting high pressure homogenization to form an emulsion, performing full stirring to volatilize the organic phase, subjecting the emulsion to high speed centrifugation, discarding the supernatant, and collecting the precipitate; dissolving the aphid sex pheromone in anhydrous ethanol, performing mixing with the collected precipitate, conducting impregnation adsorption, and carrying out highspeed centrifugation to collect the precipitate, and performing freeze drying, thus obtaining the targeted sustained-release nano-pesticide preparation. The preparation obtained by the method provided by the invention has the characteristics of uniform particle size distribution, good dispersity and good sustained release performance, has active targeted luring and poisoning effects on aphids, can improve the pesticide efficacy, also can reduce the pollution of pesticides to the environment and the harm to non-target organisms, and reaches the purposes of active luring and killing of target pests.

The invention discloses a Herba Carpesii Abrotanoidis extract and a preparation method and application thereof. A Herba Carpesii Abrotanoidis bactericide is safe to the environment, active compounds in the Herba Carpesii Abrotanoidis bactericide are natural substances and derived from the nature and form an intrinsic energy and material cycle metabolic pathway in a long-term evolutionary process, the Herba Carpesii Abrotanoidis bactericide is free of residues when being applied to the environment or plants, so that biological enrichment is avoided; the Herba Carpesii Abrotanoidis bactericide is relatively safe to non-target organisms, different from conventional pesticides in phytopathogen action mechanism and less prone to causing drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria after use and also has a delaying effect on drug resistance of the pathogenic bacteria to conventional bactericides.

Embodiments of the invention relate to compositions and methods for selective pest control wherein the compositions include active agents that in combination have a first activity against a selected target pest and a second activity against a selected non-target organism and wherein the first activity is greater than the second. Further embodiments of the invention relate to a method for developing selective pest control compositions and low-resistance pest control compositions.