166 results about "Radiation attenuation" patented technology

According to the present invention, a novel slat collimator for use in nuclear medicine imaging is provided. The slat collimator comprises a first layer comprising a plurality of spaced apart elongated slats and a second layer comprising a plurality of spaced apart elongated slats. The slats of the second layer are positioned orthogonally with respect to the slats of the first layer. The slats are constructed of a radiation attenuation material and the spaces between the slats may be non-variable or variable.

A unique and novel multi-functional composite fabric and fabrication process for use during chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear countermeasure (CBRNC) events is disclosed. The composite fabric combines the performance characteristics of chemically resistant films and radiation attenuating polymer matrices. The composite fabric offers universal protection against a wide range of military chemical agents, toxic industrial chemicals and materials (TICS and TIMS), biological agents, as well as certain ionizing and non-ionizing forms of radiation. The composite fabric is heat sealable and can be fabricated utilizing hermetically seal seams, and has application in protective clothing and equipment, indoor and outdoor covers, containment systems, bags, drapes, gowns, remains pouches, etc.

A collimator (1) primarily adapted for usage in a narrow scanned pencil beam radiation therapy system (100) includes adjacent pairs (5) of collimator leaves (10, 20). An inner portion (12) of a collimator leaf (10) facing the opposite leaf (20) of a pair (5) is made of a first material having high linear radiation attenuation. The remaining, major portion (14) of the leaf (10) is made of a second material having a comparatively low density, weight and radiation attenuation. The collimator (1) provides effective penumbra trimming of a radiation beam (60), while simultaneously protecting healthy tissue around a tumor in an irradiated patient (80) from the radiation. The new design results in a significantly more compact, lighter and less expensive collimator (1) as compared to traditional collimators.

A three-dimensional image of an object scanned with a plurality of cone-beam projections from a number of source positions is reconstructed using a method wherein intermediate transform functions are obtained from two-dimensional images of radiation attenuation in the scanned object. The intermediate transform functions are then filtered over a set of parallel planes using a moving-frame technique. The second-order radial derivative of the Radon transform can then be backprojected to generate an intermediate, locally-reconstructed, three-dimensional image. After repetition of this process, the plurality of intermediate, locally reconstructed, three-dimensional images are summed to obtain an ultimate, reconstructed, three-dimensional image of the object. In particular embodiments, the source and detector are displaced along helical paths and radiation scans of the object are taken at multiple positions along the paths.

The invention provides a method for predicting radiation of a photovoltaic power station based on an all-sky nephogram. The method comprises the steps of building a clear sky radiation model according to historical radiation data of clear sky of the photovoltaic power station; acquiring motion vectors and cloud form variation trends of cloud clusters with different thicknesses in a future time period by using the all-sky nephogram; acquiring the solar intensity in the cloud clusters; and building an ultra-short term radiation prediction model, and performing prediction on the radiation of the photovoltaic power station in the future time period. The method provided by the invention is accurate and effective, and can accurately predict the radiation of a future time period on the basis of ensuring predicted data output of basic weather types; accurate prediction for moving conditions of cloud clusters within a certain period of time in the future and conditions of radiation attenuation caused by shielding of various cloud clusters for the solar radiation is realized, so that the radiation of the photovoltaic power station in the future time period can be predicted accurately, accurate and effectively decision-making support is provided for power dispatching, thus the operation cost of an electric power system is reduced, and greater economic benefits and social benefits are acquired.

Embodiments of the invention comprise a filler to block the radiation, and an organic resin, such as epoxy or modified cyanate ester. Fillers may comprise passivated Gadolinium and Tungsten. The Gadolinium may be passivated by atomic deposition of a nano-layer of silica or alumina. The passivation layer reduces the chemical activity of the filler while retaining the maximum attenuation performance of the pure metal. Radiation performance is optimized by reaching optimum material density, as density is proportional to radiation attenuation performance. The proportion of passivated Gadolinium to Tungsten may be selected based on the radiation shielding performance and environment for such species as X-ray, thermal neutrons, gamma and cosmic rays.

A method for improving resolution of X-ray radiography systems of the type used to obtain images of internal features of human bodies or to view contents of luggage articles, cargo containers and the like comprises positioning a plurality of baffle plates between the rear surface of an X-ray radiation detector array and a back stop used to limit transmitted X-ray radiation to a safe level. The baffle plates are made of a high atomic-number metal such as iron or lead which reduces by absorption, scattering or other attenuating processes the intensity of X-ray radiation back scattered from the back-stop onto the detector array, thus reducing noise contributions to signals output from detector elements of the array and thereby improving the quality of radiographic images formed from detector output signals. A back-scattered X-ray radiation attenuation apparatus according to the present invention utilizes pairs of horizontal upper and lower baffle plates disposed longitudinally rearward from upper and lower sides of individual X-ray radiation detector elements, or groups of elements, of a detector array, and optionally includes pairs of baffle plates disposed transversely to the horizontally disposed plates to thereby form an array of tubular collimatator elements which intercept and attenuate X-ray radiation scattered from locations on a back-stop on lateral sides of as well as above and below the detector elements.

The invention discloses a solar irradiation predicting method based on multiple linear regression. The method comprises the first step of calculating the theoretical value of the solar irradiation value, the second step of calculating the attenuation rate of the solar irradiation, the third step of establishing a month-by-month regression equation of the cloudage, the cloud picture brightness temperature, visible light emissivity and the radiation attenuation rate based on a multiple linear regression model, and the fourth step of calculating the actual solar irradiation intensity predicted value according to the month-by-month regression equation established in the third step and the theoretical value of the solar irradiation value. The month-by-month regression equation of the cloudage, the cloud picture brightness temperature, the visible light emissivity and the radiation attenuation rate is established based on the multiple linear regression model, the characteristic quantities of a cloud picture are predicted according to the linear regression model, and the purpose of accurately predicting the solar irradiation is achieved.

A system, method and apparatus for providing positive confirmation of inhaled drug delivery by light or radiation attenuation at point-of-use is disclosed, including a tube adapted to be coupled at an outlet to an inhaler; a light or radiation source coupled to the tube; and a light or radiation detector coupled to the tube, where the source transmits light or radiation along a path intersecting a path of an emission such as a drug dose emitted from the inhaler, and where the detector receives the light or radiation from the source.

The invention discloses a dual-wavelength differential temperature measuring system based on optical-fiber radiation attenuation temperature dependency. Once a transmission optical path is adopted, the dual-wavelength differential temperature measuring system comprises a first optical source, a second optical source, a coupler, a sensitive optical fiber, a wavelength division multiplexer, a first detector, a second detector, a detecting circuit and a computer; once a reference optical path is introduced, the dual-wavelength differential temperature measuring system comprises a first optical source, a second optical source, a first optical splitter, a second optical splitter, a coupler, a sensitive optical fiber, a wavelength division multiplex, a multi-channel detector, a detecting circuit and a computer; and therefore, the optical source interference resistance of the dual-wavelength differential temperature measuring system is improved. A reflecting device can be arranged at the tail end of the sensitive optical fiber to form a reflective dual-wavelength differential temperature measuring system. According to the dual-wavelength differential temperature measuring system, the optical fiber subjected to irradiating and annealing serves as a temperature sensitive element, and the system is simple to manufacture; and by adopting a dual-wavelength differential measurement scheme, the dual-wavelength differential temperature measuring system improves the measuring signal intensity, effectively inhibits common-mode noises in the optical path due to the bending of the optical fiber, and improves the measurement precision. The dual-wavelength differential temperature measuring system can be applied to high-precision temperature measurement.

A flexible, relatively flat and thin patch, optionally made of biodegradable material, substantially attenuates ionizing radiation from normal but sensitive anatomy during radio-therapy, particularly breast brachytherapy. The patch is of such a thickness as to substantially attenuate radiation by distance or consists of a material that has been formulated with radio-attenuating filler or is of radio-attenuating material. An alternative version consists of a thin patch that is coated with radio-attenuating material.

The invention relates to a radiation attenuation elastomeric material of the type comprising an elastomer in which a powder of metal oxides is dispersed, and which is characterized in that the powder of metal oxides comprises from 70 to 90% by mass of bismuth trioxide, from 5 to 15% by mass of tungsten trioxide and from 5 to 15% of lanthanum trioxide.

It also relates to the use of this elastomeric material for making individual protective articles against ionizing radiations.

It further relates to a multilayer protective glove against ionizing radiations, at least one layer of which is formed by said elastomeric material, as well as to the use of this glove for protection against ionizing radiations emitted by powders of nuclear fuels, notably with plutonium.

Fields of application: the nuclear industry for handling powders of nuclear fuels but also medical imaging, interventional radiology, nuclear medicine, processing of plastic materials, inspection and control of manufactured parts, etc.

The invention provides a cloud cluster extracting method based on strength layering of foundation cloud pictures. The method comprises the following steps of performing strength layering on the foundation cloud pictures; performing cloud cluster extraction on a color spot image subjected to strength layering. The cloud cluster extracting method based on strength layering of the foundation cloud pictures is good in universality and capable of extracting cloud clusters of the all-sky foundation cloud pictures influenced by haze. Instant drop of generated power of a photovoltaic power station caused by radiation attenuation due to changing and shading of cloud cover around the photovoltaic power station in next four hours can be predicted accurately, and accuracy of photovoltaic power prediction for a super-short term can be improved.

In a radiation detector according to this invention, a portion of a semiconductor, located in a connection of a common electrode to a lead wire, is dented in a recess form from other portions of a semiconductor, in a range short of a radiation detection effective area. An insulating seat is disposed to fill the portion located in the connection. The common electrode is formed to cover at least part of the seat. The lead wire is connected to a portion of the incidence surface of the common electrode located on the seat. Thus, the detector can avoid performance degradation resulting from connection of the lead wire to the common electrode, and avoid problems of heat deformation stress and radiation attenuation.

The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistance infrared-radiation-attenuation-resistance energy-saving coating. The coating is prepared from, by weight, 10-20 parts of LaAlO3 spherical powder doped with calcium and chromium ions, 10-20 parts of metallic oxide infrared radiation micro powder, 5-10 parts of titanium carbide-cordierite infrared radiation micro powder, 15-25 parts of filler, 0.1-0.2 part of a retardant, 30-50 parts of an adhesive, 10-20 parts of a solvent, 0.15-0.25 part of a dispersion agent, 0.1-0.35 part of a coupling agent and 0.05-0.15 part of a defoaming agent. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the coating. The coating comprises the following steps of step one, raw material preparation; step two, high temperature treatment; step three, high shearing dispersion; step four, coating preparation. The infrared radiation rate of the full-wave band of the provided energy-saving coating is 0.94-0.98, infrared radiation attenuation can be effectively prevented, after long-time using of the coating, the phenomena of cracking and coating shedding cannot occur, and the thermal shock resistance is high.

Interconnect structures suitable for use in connecting anode-illuminated detector modules to downstream circuitry are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the interconnect structures are based on or include low atomic number or polymeric features and/or are formed at a density or thickness so as to minimize or reduce radiation attenuation by the interconnect structures.