72 results about "Sedimentary depositional environment" patented technology

The invention discloses a coal-mine gas geology four-dimensional analysis method. The method includes acquiring depositional environment data, geologic structure data and hydrocarbon generating history data, and determining a gas enrichment save state, a gas occurrence main controlling factor and a coal and gas outburst risk degree in a study area; then performing gas geology unit division and testing point arrangement; and finally establishing a gas occurrence mathematical model and forming a gas geologic map. According to the coal-mine gas geology four-dimensional analysis method which is established from four-dimensional angles of space ( an area or a layer ) and time, original coal-mine gas geology analysis methods are broken through; the difference problems of gas occurrence or coal and gas outburst disasters on different coal layers, which can not be explained by traditional gas geological theories under same geologic structure conditions on the layer, are solved; and area and layer analysis of coal-mine gas geologies is achieved, problems that a gas geology unit is difficult to divide and different persons acquire different results according to the same data are solved, the work loads of gas geology analysis are reduced, and the guide of safety production is truly achieved.

The invention discloses a chromatograph on-line analysis method for source rock by closed ball milling, heating analysis and cold trap trapping, which is used for analyzing light fraction compound and percentage composition thereof in the dispersed organic matter of the source rock, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out vacuum sealing and ball milling on a source rock sample, carrying out ball milling, crushing, then heating to 300DEG C, and carrying out thermal desorption; blowing the pyrolysed hydrocarbon to a liquid helium cold trap by utilizing helium; placing the cold trap into a chromatograph furnace; and trapping, then carrying out chromatograph or Chromatographic-MS on-line analysis to obtain the qualitative data of chromatograph fine separation and / or Chromatographic-MS analysis of the light fraction in the source rock. The separation degree of the sample can approximate to the separation effect of the light dydrocarbon chromatograph separation of crude oil; the invention has good repeatability, reduces the volatilization loss of the light fraction in the crushing process because of the large volume of the sample before being put in a ball milling tank; and the qualitative analysis result can be used for researching the maturity and the environment of sedimentation of the source rock and carrying out oil source comparison.

The invention discloses a trap evaluation method for a heterogeneous thin sandstone interbed oil reservoir. The method comprises the steps of (a), carrying out stratum correlation and classification and sedimentation environment research through combination of well logging information, well drilling and logging information, coring information and seismic inversion data, and moreover, obtaining hydrocarbon source rock evolution data through utilization of geochemistry information; (b), obtaining reservoir characteristics through combination of the stratum correlation and classification, sedimentation environment research and the hydrocarbon source rock evolution data; (c), carrying out seismogeology comprehensive calibration, fracture explanation and growth period analysis, tectonic level tracking, tectonic evolution analysis and tectonic trap analysis in sequence according to seismic data; (d), carrying out hydrocarbon accumulation research through combination of the reservoir characteristics according to a tectonic evolution analysis result; and (e), carrying out final favorable trap evaluation. According to the method, the problem that in the prior art, later period reserve volume recalculation and exploratory well deployment work of a heterogeneous interbed old oil field are difficult to develop effectively is solved, and a purpose of providing a heterogeneous trap later period evaluation method for the old oil field is realized.

The invention relates to a continental lacustrine basin slope area stratum lithologic oil and gas reservoir dominant facies prediction method and belongs to the petroleum exploration technical field. The method comprises the following steps that: 1) a slope type is determined through three-element quantitative analysis, namely, buried depth analysis, depositional environmental analysis and hydrocarbon source maturity; 2) single-factor condition depiction is performed on reservoir dominant transport facies, dominant structure facies, dominant diagenetic facies and dominant source rock facies which control oil and gas accumulation conditions; and 3) as for different slope types, overlay analysis is performed to determine the dominant facies of each slope type and determine the development areas of the dominant facies. The prediction method of the present invention is suitable for continental lacustrine basin slope area stratum lithologic oil and gas reservoir exploration, seek and discover dominant facies so as to provide a basis for efficient well location deployment and provide technical support for the discovery of efficient reserve areas.

A method for enhancing oil recovery by combining miscible or near miscible gas flooding with Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) flooding to produce an enhanced Water-Alternating-Gas (WAG) flooding method is described. The ASP flooding may include individual and combination injections of alkaline, surfactant and polymer. Carbon dioxide may be used as a flood gas. Numerical simulations show that the present method may provide better oil recovery when compared with separate ASP or CO2 WAG flooding for different depositional environments, as a result of high micro and macro sweep efficiencies plus miscible gas flooding. A significant acceleration and improvement in recovery may be achieved with as small as a 10% pore volume ASP slug size.

The invention discloses a method for simulating deposition on the basis of deposition process control of reference planes. The method includes analyzing deposition environments of deposition zones by the aid of well logging, mud logging and rock core information and determining change conditions of the reference planes and ancient landform conditions by the aid of burial history information; inputting ancient landforms into hydrodynamic models as initial landforms according to ancient landform analysis, simulating and reconstructing hydrodynamic characteristics of research zones, simulating and reconstructing transportation and deposition of sediment on the basis of hydrodynamic research according to sediment transport and diffusion equations, constraining deposition and denudation of deposits by the aid of the reference planes on the basis of transportation and deposition of the sediment, superposing deposition and denudation of the deposits on the initial landforms to be used as landforms for next simulation so as to carry out cyclic processes for simulating and reconstructing deposition. The method has the advantages that conditions of conditions of the reference planes are considered in simulation processes, and accordingly deposition at basin level can be simulated; the method is short in simulation time, and correction can be repeatedly carried out until requirements of geological characteristics are met.

The invention provides a prediction method of development distribution of lacustrine high-quality source rock. The method comprises the following steps of by aiming at a main source layer section of atargeted region, (1) respectively recovering an ancient lake mode; (2) respectively defining the shallow lake and semi-deep lake-deep lake distribution range on the basis of deposition and / or sedimentation center, paleo-water-depth distribution and wave base depth; (3) respectively dividing each single well deposition organic phase type on the basis of deposition environment, the ancient lake mode, the organic matter abundance and the organic matter type, and then defining the plane distribution range of advantageous facies; (4) respectively determining a vertical distribution range of the high-quality source rock by using logging data; (5) respectively determining the transverse distribution change of the high-quality source rock by using earthquake data; and (6) respectively drawing development distribution patterns of the high-quality source rock on the basis of the advantageous facies plane distribution range, the high-quality source rock vertical distribution range and the high-quality source rock transverse distribution change. Therefore the concrete distribution of the lacustrine high-quality source rock of the target region, namely the prediction result of the lacustrine high-quality source rock can be obtained.

The invention discloses a continental lake basin sedimentation micro-facies plane distribution map compiling method. The method comprises the following steps: 1) five-level sequence framework divisionand sedimentary boundary determination; 2) identification of the sedimentary environment; 3) determination of sediment provenance and range of influence; 4) single well sedimentation micro-facies identification; and 5) sedimentation micro-facies plane mapping. The sedimentation micro-facies spatial distribution characteristic is indicated to be expressed under the scale of the five-level sequenceframework, sedimentation micro-facies identification is faced with the problem of dominant facies selection under the three-level or four-level sequence framework and the sedimentation micro-facies identification result is difficult to be objectively mastered. The geological information expressed by all the data is fully utilized to make good for deficiency, and the key operation steps are quantified so that the standard can be established for concrete operation and the situation of influencing the analysis result because of subjective judgment can be reduced. The mapping process is industrialized, and the compiling work of multiple sedimentation micro-facies maps under the constraint of the five-level sequence framework can be completed within a short period of time through batch statistics and data processing so that seamless connection of the basic research and the production requirements can be realized.

The invention relates to a multifunctional sedimentary water tank experiment device and method. The technical scheme is that the device comprises four parts of a water tank external wall, a variable-gradient slope system, a seabed or lakebed system and a power and control system. The power and control system supplies power to other parts. The variable-gradient slope system comprises a sedimentary slope, elevating columns, a column house and a cylinder. The lower side of the sedimentary slope realizes elevating through the elevating columns and the column house, and scaling and shortening of the sedimentary slope are realized through the cylinder. The seabed or lakebed system is provided with a volcano model, an inclined plane I and an inclined plane II. The water tank external wall comprises a baffle plate having a notch and a transparent baffle plate. The beneficial effects are that the sedimentary environments of the simulation sea, lake and desert are integrated, the slope toe of the sedimentary basin can be freely changed, the sedimentary base can automatically elevate and sedimentation of earthquake, volcano and other special events can be simulated so that the degree of automation is high.

A substrate fixture has been designed, which significantly improves production yield of thin film based demultiplexer filters for use in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexer (DWDM) systems. The fixture is comprised of a small area disk capable of rotational speeds greater than 1000 rpm with a dedicated concentric thin film quartz crystal thickness monitor and "clam shell" type shutter. The fixture is intended to be used in a vacuum deposition system, designed to perform optical coatings. The high-speed rotation and location of the fixture with respect to the deposition source guarantees coating thickness uniformity on substrates attached to the disk. The concentric quartz crystal thickness monitor (QCM) calibrated to the geometry or the deposition environment guarantees accurate thickness determination over the area of the disk to within 0.01 percent. The deposition system, designed to produce multilayer filters, for use as demultiplexers in DWDM systems, would utilize a dense array of fixtures of the type described herein for maximum production yield.

The invention provides a method for identifying high-quality shale by using logging information, and belongs to the field of oil and gas exploitation and physical geography. The method comprises: firstly performing pre-processing on logging information, including performing environment correction, depth correction, and standardization; then performing the following steps: step 1, using a natural gamma-ray logging curve to distinguish a shale bed and a non-shale bed; step 2, using the ratio of a thorium curve and a potassium curve of natural gamma-ray spectrometry log and ratio of the thorium curve and the potassium curve to distinguish sedimentary environment of the shale bed; step 3, if the sedimentary environment distinguished in the step 2 is reduction and low-energy environment, calculating contents of organic matters and clay minerals in the shale bed; step 4, and on the basis of the step 3, identifying high-quality shale beds and non-high-quality shale beds.

The invention discloses a multifunctional shallow-sea time-series sediment capturing and observing device, and relates to an ocean sampling and observing technique. The structure of the multifunctional shallow-sea time-series sediment capturing and observing device comprises the structure that a sediment capturing unit is arranged between an upper part circular ring and a lower part disc; the lower part of the lower part disc is provided with a sediment storage unit; the bottom of the sediment capturing unit and the upper part of the sediment storage unit are in butt joint, and are used for collecting and storing sediments; an environment observing unit and an automatic control unit are respectively arranged at two sides of a middle circular ring; the sediment storage unit and the environment observing unit are respectively connected with an automatic control unit electrically so as to achieve automatic control. According to the device, the time-series control is adopted so as to research the stage and continuous change of the ocean sedimentation; sea water environment parameters can be tracked and recorded as well as being sampled, and basic data are provided for the research of influences of the micro change of the sediment environment on the sedimentation; the multifunctional shallow-sea time-series sediment capturing and observing device is suitable for sampling shallow-sea sediment particle substances and observing relevant sea water environments.

The invention discloses a pushing-out device and method for columnar sediment undisturbed samples. The pushing-out device comprises a length-adjustable base, a fixing device, an electric device, a soil pushing device and a maintaining device. According to the samples of different lengths and diameters, the length of the base and a soil pushing rod of the soil pushing-out device is adjustable, and a sample tube counter-force ring, a fixing disc and a soil pushing disc can be replaced. The electric device of the soil pushing-out device is connected with a speed adjusting button and a protecting switch, a half-tube sample supporting table is a movable platform, the moving speed of the half-tube sample supporting table is uniform with the speed of the soil pushing rod or the pushing-out speed of the columnar sediments, and the soil pushing rod can be automatically cleaned and maintained through a cleaning device and an oil applying device. The pushing-out device is reasonable in structure, convenient to machine and manufacture, convenient to operate in usage and high in controllability, influences by human factors are small, disturbance on the columnar sediment undisturbed samples is small, and the pushing-out device and method are suitable for all kinds of sediment undisturbed samples and provide the reliable samples for research on the physical and mechanical properties of the sediment undisturbed samples or sedimentary environment evolution.

The invention relates to an oil and gas source identifying method suitable for a heterogeneous salt-lake basin and belongs to the technical field of oil gas exploration and development. The method is characterized in that oil population and source rock population of the heterogeneous salt-lake basin are divided by acquiring basic geological data. According to the division results of oil population and source rock population of the heterogeneous salt-lake basin, the oil and gas source of the heterogeneous salt-lake basin is judged. The principle of the similar sedimentary environment and maturity of crude oil and oil source rock is fully applied to the method, and population division is executed to the crude oil and the oil source rock through clustering analysis, thereby creating the corresponding relationship between the crude oil and the oil source rock. According to the corresponding relationship, the single-uplift and single-depression oil gas in the heterogeneous salt-lake basin can be effectively identified. A mathematical model established by gamma cerane / C31 homohopane (22S) parameters is applied to the single-uplift and multi-depression tectonic zone of the heterogeneous salt-lake basin, so that the source proportion of oil and gas in different depression zones can be clearly distinguished, and exploration of depression oil and gas can be effectively guided.

The present invention relates to a quantitative characterization method for shale micro-phase classification. The method is characterized by comprising: in the same shale oil-gas exploration and development block, selecting different shale development micro-blocks to form a sample collection test network, testing the collected shale samples in the micro-blocks, acquiring the related index data, and carrying out analysis treatment to obtain the each micro-block average content reflecting the shale deposition characteristic and environmental parameters; and according to the contents of various evaluation indexes in each micro-block, carrying out quantitative discrimination and evaluation on the shale deposition environment of each micro-block so as to carry out quantitative characterization and system naming on the shale micro-phase in the each micro-block to obtain the shale micro-phase types and the plane distribution characteristic of the shale oil-gas exploration and development block. According to the present invention, the quantitative indexes reflecting the typical parameters of the shale deposition characteristic and the environment are adopted to accurately understand the basic characteristics of different shale micro-phases in the same sub-phase and the difference so as to provide characteristics of improvement of prediction accuracy on the favorable block, improvement of the exploration and development success rate, and reduction of the exploration and development cost.

The invention relates to a method utilizing lithological combination identification sedimentary facies. The method comprises the following steps that S1, the lithological combination index of a study layer section is collected and processed; S2, the depositional environment is judged utilizing the mudstone color index; S3, sedimentary facies belt is judged utilizing the mudstone thickness index; S4, the material source stability is judged utilizing the sandstone thickness disparity; S5, the study layer section lithology is judged utilizing the lithology index; S6, the hydrodynamic strength is judged utilizing the sandstone grain size index; S7, the grain size variation is judged utilizing the sandstone grain size variation index; S8, the material source stability is judged utilizing the sandstone thickness index; S9, the ranges of the sedimentary facies form step S2 to step S8 is reduced step by step according to the study layer lithological combination index, so that the sedimentary facies is judged; and the step S2 to step S8 are not sequential.

The invention discloses a water, organism and deposit collector suitable for different water environments. The collector comprises a bottom-open cylinder and a stirring shaft, the upper part of the cylinder is provided with a rotatable bearing port, the stirring shaft is installed at the bearing port, and the bottom end of the stirring shaft is inserted into the cylinder, the bottom end of the stirring shaft is also equipped with at least three brushes with different heights from a deposition plane, the top of the stirring shaft is provided with a handle for rotating the stirring shaft, and the side wall of the cylinder is also provided with an outlet. The collector provided by the invention realizes the triple effects of collecting the organisms, water and deposited soil from water deposition environments, is equipped with different bottom devices, can realize device recombination according to different sampling needs of users to achieve switching use of corresponding functions. At the same time, the invention solves the problem of difficult sampling of organisms and soil from rough and stony deposition environments in existing collectors.

The invention relates to a method for identifying a lithologic trap via earthquake data, and belongs to the field of petroleum natural gas exploration and exploitation. A sedimentary facies map of a work area is utilized, the distribution area of identifiable sand bodies is analyzed, and the range of a research target area is reduced; and well density or sound wave time difference data is used to make well synthesis records, one to one correspondence between the drilling well profile rock stratum and earthquake phase of the target area is established, a symbolic earthquake phase of stable target layer in the research target area is determined, earthquake phase corresponding to low-density high porosity and permeability sand body existing locally in a continental facies environment is analyzed and screened, the special distribution form of the lithologic trap of the target sand is analyzed, interference of restricted error is eliminated, influence on complex geological environment is reduced, the prediction precision of the lithologic trap is improved, and the cost of exploration and exploitation is reduced.

The invention discloses a carbonate deposition numerical simulation method. The method comprises the following steps of: meshing a research area to obtain a water quality model of the research area; summating deposition amounts m of different carbonate rock deposition processes to obtain a total deposition amount m of carbonate rock deposits; calculating a total volume v of the deposits accordingto the total deposition amount m of the deposits and a density rock Rho=m / v of rocks; calculating a thickness of the deposits according to the size of the mesh according to the total volume v of the deposits, overlapping the thickness of the deposit to an initial bottom shape to obtain change of the bottom shape, and taking the changed bottom shape as a deposition bottom shape of the next moment;and until the simulation is finished, quantitatively representing the carbonate rock deposition process of the research area so as to obtain a deposition process model of carbonate rocks in depositionareas. According to the method, deposition environments under different environmental conditions are sufficiently considered, a deposition manner of the carbonate rocks is clear, and a mathematic calculation manner is used for simulating the deposition process of the carbonate rocks; and through the mathematic calculation, the cost can be saved and debugging can be carried out repeatedly.

The invention discloses a comprehensive quantitative recovery method for a lake deposition environment. The comprehensive quantitative recovery method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting paleo-climate, paleo-salinity, oxidation-reduction property, an ancient material source and paleo-water depth as indexes for recovering the deposition environment; (2) extracting the rock core sample, andobtaining elements, total rock minerals and X fluorescence spectrum element data; (3) respectively carrying out Z standardization processing on the indexes of the paleoclimate, the paleosalinity andthe oxidation-reduction property by applying SPSS software; (4) carrying out factor analysis on paleo-climate, paleo-salinity and redox indexes subjected to Z standardization treatment by applying SPSS software; (5) calculating an ancient material source factor and an ancient water depth factor; And drawing a comprehensive quantitative recovery map of the deposition environment. According to the method, the limitation of a single recovery method can be overcome to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the trend of environment change is more obvious. The whole method is high in operability, the actual problem in the scientific research process is solved, a foundation is provided for subsequent geological research, and practical significance is achieved.

The invention discloses a miniature of a rock core column for the popularization of science and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps of: 1, recordingthe geological stratification of the rock core extracted through drilling and sampling, 2, testing the sample to determine the formation age, sedimentary environment and palaeoclimate corresponding toeach layer of the rock core, and preparing the information for the popularization of science corresponding to the formation; 3, calculating the miniature thickness of each segment of the rock core according to the design length of the miniature of the rock core column for the popularization of science and the thickness of each layer; 4, cutting a part of the rock core along the axial direction ofeach segment of the rock core, and then selecting a part with obvious lithology characteristics to cut; 5, coating or spraying varnish on the outer surface of each segment of the miniature of the rock core; 6, sequentially placing the segments of the miniature of the rock into a transparent long tube according to the formation sequence; 7, sealing the two ends of the transparent long tube and placing the long tube vertically, and arranging corresponding layer information for the popularization of science on the side surface of the transparent long tube. The method is used for preparing geological science popularization viewing and educational materials, the stratum structure can be visually and conveniently observed and the earth science knowledge is popularized.

The invention provides a cycle division method and apparatus of a sedimentary stratum. The method comprises: pretreatment is carried out on obtained data reflecting an original stratum sedimentary environment and a lithological change to obtain pretreatment data; empirical mode decomposition is carried out on the pretreatment data to obtain a plurality of intrinsic modal functions; conversion is carried out on each intrinsic modal function to obtain an instantaneous frequency curve corresponding to the intrinsic modal function; according to the instantaneous frequency curve, a Milankovitch cycle curve is obtained; on the basis of the Milankovitch cycle curve, an accommodating space changing curve is obtained; and according to the accommodating space changing curve, an accommodating spatialascending half cycle and an accommodating spatial descending half cycle are obtained. According to the division method, the calculation process is objective and the influence on the process by the human factor is low. And the division method has high operability.

The invention discloses an oil source comparison method via uranium isotope. The method comprises the following steps that S100) uranium elements in crude oil are separated and enriched; S200) uraniumelements in a hydrocarbon source rock are separated and enriched; S300) the content of the uranium elements is tested and analyzed; S400) stable isotopic content of uranium is detected and analyzed;S500) a delta238 / 235U (per thousand)-oil reservoir type identifying index plate is established by uranium isotope analysis on the hydrocarbon source rocks of the know different deposition environmentsand different maturity as well as the crude oil and hydrocarbon source rock of different properties; and S600) source and genesis of an unknown oil source are determined via the established identifying index plate. Thus, blank in using the uranium isotope to identify source and genesis of oil gas is filled, the oil gas genesis can be rapidly determined, and technical and theoretical guidance is provided for an oil gas exploration target.

The invention discloses a method for cloning cytochrome oxidase gene of Nereis bidentata, which is to clone the total RNA of Nereis bidentata body wall muscle by designing specific fragment amplification and RACE amplification. The cytochrome oxidase gene of Nereis dentata can be detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technology under the stress of persistent organic pollutants. The mechanism of oxidase gene expression and regulation provides a basis, and also lays the foundation for screening molecular biomarkers for early ecological risk prediction of marine sediment environmental pollution, which is conducive to the wide application of the low-cost and abundant sources of the clamworm in environmental protection.

The invention discloses a pile forming method of an internal ramming enlarged sinking pipe cast-in-place pile in a deep clay layer, in particular to a pile forming method of the internal ramming enlarged sinking pipe cast-in-place pile in the field of building foundation construction in the deep clay layer. The pile forming method of the internal ramming and expanding cast-in-place pile in the deep clay layer comprises the following steps: A, placing the pile tube on the set pile position; B, setting the pile tube on the set pile position; B, completely seal that end of the outer pipe with a pile shoe; C, hammering that inn pipe and the outer pipe together to sink to the set depth in the clay layer; D, lifting that inner pipe, adding dry bricks into the outer pipe, lowering the inn pipe and ramming; E, inject dry hard concrete, lowering inn pipe and ramming; F, lower that reinforcing bar cage; G, pour that pile shaft or lowering the precast pile shaft; H, pull off outer tube. The invention can be constructed under the condition of deep and thick clay deposition environment, and can effectively avoid the adverse conditions such as pile pipe rebound, mud in the pipe and the like, andcan effectively guarantee the construction progress, pile forming quality and pile body quality.

The invention discloses a high-precision detection method for seismic signal coherence, wherein the high-precision detection method is improved on the basis of a Gaussian kernel function and a higherderivative. On the basis of an eigenvalue coherence algorithm, also called as a third generation coherence algorithm, a third generation coherent data volume is convoluted with the Gaussian kernel function, a second-order partial derivative of the obtained new data volume on a main line and a crossline and in time direction is solved, maximum eigenvalue of data after derivation is solved, and themaximum eigenvalue is taken as a final result of an improved algorithm, so that a new coherent result is obtained. The high-precision detection method disclosed by the invention is used for detectingsimilarity, namely coherence, of a seismic signal, so that the high-precision detection method is applied to identification and prediction of a subsurface fault, a fracture-developed zone and some sedimentary characteristics; meanwhile, the high-precision detection method disclosed by the invention can more clearly show spatial distribution of a fault and reflect detail characteristics of a subsurface structure and a sedimentary environment, so that a new promoting effect is produced to scientific research.

The invention discloses ocean phosphorus-dissolving bacillus megaterium and an application thereof. The ocean phosphorus-dissolving bacillus megaterium is collected in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), the address is Wuhan University, Luojia Hill, Wuhan, China, and the collection number is CCTCC NO:M2018056. The ocean phosphorus-dissolving bacillus megaterium and the application disclosed by the invention have the beneficial effects that phosphates can be degraded, the phosphorus-dissolving bacillus is about 117.14mg / dl when sodium phytate is used as a unique sphosphorus source, and by high-efficiency degradation of substances such as phosphates in a deposit environment, high-efficiency circulation of phosphorus elements in an ecological system is promoted, and the obtainedphosphorus amount in the deposit environment is increased; the growth of mangrove-plant kandelia candel can be better promoted, the productivity of the whole ecological system can be improved and therestoration of the ecological system can be accelerated; due to no toxic substances, the ocean phosphorus-dissolving bacillus megaterium can be further applied to research and development of microbial agents with microbial functions, has large potential for assisting protection and restoration of the mangrove ecological system, and has better market prospect, economic benefit and ecological effect.

The invention discloses a sonar technology-based oily deposit automatic identification method and system. The method comprises the steps of establishing an oily deposit acoustic image feature sample library, wherein the sample library comprises different simulation results, different type features and typical image features of an oily deposit; detecting the oily deposit, extracting related acoustic data to obtain sonar data, and displaying a sonar image; according to a display result of the sonar image, processing the sonar image to obtain sonar image features of the oily deposit; according to the sonar image features of the oily deposit, in combination with a sea-bottom deposit environment and an environment in which an oily deposit target exists, performing judgment, and performing manual pickup on a typical oily deposit sonar image; calculating a matching degree between the typical oily deposit sonar image and a sample image in the oily deposit acoustic image feature sample library; and according to a matching degree result, identifying the distribution position, shape and range of the oily deposit to obtain a first identification result. The method and the system have the advantages of quick identification, convenient use and accurate identification of the oily deposit.

The invention discloses an oil source comparison method via magnesium isotope. The method comprises the following steps that S100) magnesium elements in crude oil are separated and enriched; S200) magnesium elements in a hydrocarbon source rock are separated and enriched; S300) the content of the magnesium elements is tested and analyzed; S400) stable isotopic content of magnesium is detected andanalyzed; S500) a delta26Mg(per thousand)-oil reservoir type identifying index plate is established by magnesium isotope analysis on the hydrocarbon source rocks of the know different deposition environments and different maturity as well as the crude oil and hydrocarbon source rock of different properties; and S600) source and genesis of an unknown oil source are determined via the established identifying index plate. Thus, when magnesium isotope is used to identify the source and genesis of oil gas, the genesis of the oil gas can be determined rapidly, and technical and theoretical guidanceis provided for determination of an oil gas exploration target.

The invention relates to a method for extracting hydrocarbon source rock asphaltene-coated hydrocarbon. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out cable extraction on a hydrocarbon source rock to obtain an extract; (2) adding n-heptane into the extract to precipitate asphaltene to obtain precipitated asphaltene; (3) repeatedly performing soxhlet extraction on the precipitated asphaltene until the obtained extract has no organic component through GC / MS detection, thus obtaining the asphaltene; (4) wrapping the asphaltene with filter paper extracted by dichloromethane, then placing the wrapped asphaltene in a fume hood, naturally airing at room temperature, and grinding to obtain ground asphaltene; (5) subjecting the ground asphaltene to ultrasonic treatment, filter membranefiltration, family component separation and elution to obtain saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon components; and (6) directly extracting components such as saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon through a non-polar solid phase micro-extraction column head, then inserting the extraction column head into a GC sample inlet, and analyzing, samplingand detecting at 280 DEG C. The method for extracting hydrocarbon source rock asphaltene-coated hydrocarbon, provided by the invention, can improve the detection accuracy and solve the difficult problems of the contrast, maturity and deposition environment of the seriously biodegradable hydrocarbon source rock oil source.