The invention relates to the technical field of heparin sodium production, and discloses a process for extracting crude heparin sodium through nanofiltration membrane concentration, wherein the process comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out enzymolysis and high-temperature inactivation on animal viscera, and cooling to obtain an inactivated solution; S2, transferring the inactivated solution into a stirrer for stirring, adding an inorganic settling agent at the same time, and continuously stirring; S3, adding an alkaline material, stirring, and standing; S4, pumping the supernate into a middle liquid storage tank, filtering a settling layer through a plate-and-frame filter press to obtain residual clear liquid, and pumping the residual clear liquid into the middle liquid storage tank; and S5, fully stirring and mixing the clear liquid in the intermediate liquid storage tank, filtering out a small amount of suspended matters through a security filter, concentrating through a nanofiltration membrane, and carrying out alcohol precipitation and drying on the concentrated solution to obtain a crude heparin sodium product. The process is characterized in that an inorganic settling agent is adopted to remove turbid substances in the inactivated solution, a disc tube type nanofiltration membrane is adopted to remove salt and small molecular impurities in the clear liquid, heparin sodium is concentrated, and then the heparin sodium crude product is obtained through alcohol precipitation and drying processes.