The invention discloses a laser cutting machine dust suction device and an optimized design method thereof. The dust suction device comprises a blowing device and an air suction device. The blowing device comprises a blower, a blowing pipeline and an air outlet structure, the air outlet structure is composed of a blowing cover, an air outlet pipe and an air pipe joint, multiple sets of blowing inclined holes are formed in the circumference side wall of the air outlet pipe, the air suction device comprises an exhaust fan, a chipping collection box, a dust suction cover and an exhaust pipeline,the exhaust fan, the chipping collection box and the dust suction cover are connected in sequence through the exhaust pipeline, the dust suction cover comprises a dust suction cover body and a dust collection frame connected to an air outlet, the blowing cover is connected to the dust collection frame, the dust collection frame is provided with a gap corresponding to an air outlet of the blowing cover, and the air outlet of the blowing cover is opposite to a dust suction opening of the dust suction cover. The device is simple in structure and good in use effect, through optimized design of theblowing device and the air suction device, the whole dust suction capacity is higher, meanwhile, chippings on the worktable are removed, and manual cost is saved.