406results about How to "Increase the speed of excavation" patented technology

The invention relates to the measurement system of a cantilever tunneling head pose and the method, which is characterized in that a laser mobile electrical total station is arranged on a formed tunnel wall, and measures the coordinate of the tunneling machine body in the earth coordinate system, a body deflection angle sensor is installed behind a reflector prism, and measures to the deflection angle of the tunneling machine body, a biaxial inclination angle sensor surveys the pitching angle and the roll angle of the tunneling machine body, oil cylinder stroke sensors install in a cantilever lifting oil cylinder, a cantilever revolving oil cylinder and a tunneling head flexible oil cylinder to survey the oil cylinder stroke, a wireless communication module and a data acquisition module transmit the metrical data of the laser mobile electrical total station, the cylinder stroke sensor, the biaxial inclination angle sensor and the body deflection angle sensor to the computer, which gathers, processes, and calculates the pose of the tunneling head relative to the body and the earth coordinate system, so as to realize the surveying of the tunneling head pose. The invention has the advantages of good timeliness, high precision, and suitable for the measurement and the position of the tunneling head pose of a tunneling equipment such as the cantilever tunneling machine.

The invention discloses a long tunnel fast construction process. The tunnel construction method in the direction from the entrance to the exit and the tunnel construction method in the direction from the exit to the entrance are the same and each construction section is respectively constructed from back to front. The construction process is as follows: 1, excavating construction at an initial construction section, the process is as follows: performing advance geology forecast, determining the excavating construction method for the current construction section, excavating and primary supporting; 2, excavating construction at the next construction section; 3, repeating the step 2 for multiple times until the construction tunnel is through, wherein in the tunnel construction process, found water seepage areas are timely subjected to draining treatment, and the secondary lining construction is synchronously performed on the tunnel holes formed by excavating from front to back. The long tunnel fast construction method is reasonable in design, simple and convenient in construction, safe in the construction process, short in construction process and fast in construction progress, thus effectively solving the defects and shortcomings such as large equipment investment, long construction period and slow construction progress of the existing long tunnel construction.

The invention discloses a mine downhill roadway tunnelling shot hole arrangement way, which comprises cut holes, auxiliary holes, a peripheral hole and a bottom hole, wherein the cut holes are in a wedge arrangement way, and are arranged on the middle upper portion of a roadway cross section, wherein the pitch of two rows of wedge cut holes is larger 30% than the pitch of current wedge cut holes, a row of auxiliary straight holes are arranged between two rows of wedge cut holes, and the width of the auxiliary straight hole is 0.5 time than that of the cut holes, and a row of auxiliary throwing holes are further arranged under the two rows of the cut holes, and the drilling direction of the auxiliary throwing holes is drilled to the oblique upper portion in smaller than 90 degrees with the roadway cross section, and the auxiliary throwing holes are finally detonated with the bottom hole in the same section. The invention fully utilizes the least resistance line principle, reasonably distributes the wedge cut holes, and increases the blasting efficiency and tunnelling velocity.

The invention specifically relates to a supporting method of a laneway under multiple goafs in an ultra-close coal seam group, which can be used for solving the problem of incomplete support of the laneway under the multiple goafs in the ultra-close coal seam group. The supporting method of the laneway under the multiple goafs in the ultra-close coal seam group comprises the following steps: performing preparation work, performing temporary supporting, laying a steel wire mesh, loading steel beams, mounting an anchor rod of a top plate, mounting the anchor rod of an upper part, mounting an anchor rope of the top plate and the like. By utilizing the effective supporting scheme according to the invention, the technical difficult problem of supporting the laneway under the multiple goafs in the ultra-close coal seam group in Datong mining area is solved, and the great safety economic effect and the great social benefits are achieved.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly digging 'three soft' low permeability and high gas coal layer, which comprises the steps of arranging a stone head in a bottom plate rock under the coal layer, and constructing pre-extracted penetrating drill holes of gas in the bottom plate rock layer and pulling the bit back to the bottom plate of the coal layer after the bit penetrates the coal layer, and punching the drill holes by pressure water with the depth of the punching holes being less than or equal to three meters, and the control radius of the punching holes being from two to six meters to realize continuously, draining gas in the holes, and stopping draining while the gas draining amount is at 0.1 cubic meter per hour; injecting water to the coal layer by using the drained gas drill holes, with water injection pressure controlled between ten to fifteen Mpa, and stopping water injection when the water injection effect reaches the demands of construction in coal layer; and draining goaf by the drill holes after extraction in mining face. The digging method increases the resolving speed of the 'three soft' low permeability coal layer gas, improves the gas draining effect and realizes the low gas construction in the high gas coal layer and one hole for three purposes, not only ensures the safety during construction, but also improves the digging speed in the roadway maximally.

The invention relates to the field of shaped-charge water-pressure smooth blasting, in particular to a coalmine rock roadway excavation shaped-charge water-pressure smooth blasting structure and method. The coalmine rock roadway excavation shaped-charge water-pressure smooth blasting structure is characterized in that rock breaking holes are formed in the center line of a section of a rock roadway; cutting holes are symmetrically formed in two sides of the rock breaking holes; secondary cutting holes are formed in one side of the cutting holes; tertiary cutting holes are formed in one side ofthe secondary cutting holes; auxiliary holes are formed in one side of the tertiary cutting holes; peripheral holes are formed in the outer sides of the auxiliary holes; and bottom holes are formed inthe bottoms of the peripheral holes. The invention further provides the coalmine rock roadway excavation shaped-charge water-pressure smooth blasting method. Through the coalmine rock roadway excavation shaped-charge water-pressure smooth blasting structure and method provided by the invention, the big rock occurrence ratio can at least be obviously reduced; the coalmine rock roadway excavation speed can be improved by adoption of shaped-charge water-pressure blasting; and meanwhile, the explosive energy utilization ratio can be improved, the smooth blasting quality can be improved, and underground blasting dust can be efficiently reduced.

The invention provides a construction method for excavating an upper drift heading and a lower drift heading in the two side walls of an ultra-large subsurface tunnel and belongs to the technical field of construction engineering. The method comprises the steps of drilling and blasting scheme design; construction requirements meeting of drilling and blasting design; blasting parameter selection; surveying and setting out; excavation of the upper pilot tunnel portion and the lower pilot tunnel portion of the two side walls; removal of reserved rock beam portions; excavation of an annular core soil portion of an arch portion; and excavation of core soil middle-upper steps, middle-lower steps and lower steps. Compared with a traditional two-side-wall drift heading method, according to the method, the way of excavating the upper drift heading and the lower drift heading at the same time is adopted, and the characteristics of the large-section tunnel can be fully utilized; a working face which can be excavated is increased; tunnel excavation conducted at the early stage is accelerated; and the construction period is effectively shortened. According to the method, reserved rock beams are utilized, so that horizontal support strength and global stability are effectively enhanced; horizontal convergence deformation and arch top settlement of the tunnel are decreased; and safety of buildings on the upper portion of the tunnel is guaranteed. According to the construction method, after the high side walls are constructed by means of the bottom of a lower pilot tunnel of the tunnel, backfilling is conducted, the height of a second lining construction section of the tunnel is reduced, and the construction problem of an ultra-large-section formwork trolley is solved.

The invention relates to a fast and highly-efficient tunneling method for a large section of a hard-rock tunnel in a coal mine by combination of fully-mechanized tunneling and blasting driving. As shown in the figure 1, a cut hole with the borehole diameter of Phi 40.0 mm and a reliever hole with the charge diameter of Phi 35.0 mm are arranged in the section of the hard-rock tunnel with the protodyakonov coefficient f larger than 10.0 for digging out a groove cavity with s approximately equal to 14.0 m<2>. As shown in the figure 2, the cut hole adopts a three-stage oblique cut with stages deepening and angles of inclination increasing stage by stage. The consumption of charge in unit volume is determined based on the hard-rock protodyakonov coefficient and shot hole depth according to quantification of the figure 3. Three stages of oblique cuts respectively select I, III, IV-section millisecond delay detonators. A V-section millisecond delay detonator is selected by the reliever hole. The oblique cuts and the whole section of the reliever hole are detonated once with the total delay time no more than 130.0ms. After the groove cavity is formed in a blasting method. The reasonable tooth parameters are selected to rapidly expand the groove cavity to the design section and contour is finished under effect of a free surface of a fully-mechanized coal winning machine. Due to millisecond delay detonation of the oblique cut in three stages and larger borehole diameter, stemming is blocked to increase so that rocks do not affect the fully-mechanized coal winning machine after the working surface during the throwing process. The safe and efficient effect can be achieved.

The invention provides a blast-winning, coal loading, coal conveying and anchor rod-timbering mechanical integrated operating method and device. And the device mainly comprises: hydraulic system, hydraulic control table, track walking part, coal loading and conveying part, timbering part, and hydraulic anchor rod machine, and the method uses integrated device, scraper conveyor and gate coal conveyor; and its drivage circulating speed is 1m to 1.5 m, blast-winning and after the fumes have settled, making the integrated device enter into the operating site, and after completing coal loading and conveying, making anchor rod timbering; after completing the anchor rod timbering operation, making the integrated device exit the operating site and over 20 meters distant from the operating site, and then making drilling and blasting operation. And it improves explosion level of blast winning and resources recovery, and reduces operators.

The invention belongs to the technical field of construction of overline large bridges, and provides an excavation construction method for an ultra-shallow-buried hard rock tunnel penetrating througha sensitive building area in order to solve the problems that an existing side span cast-in-place section and an existing closure section are large in interference with a business line, high in construction risk and the like. The overline bridge beam is constructed by adopting a construction method of using a parallel line direction cantilever method or a bracket cast-in-place method to pour a beam body and then conducting rotating in place. A conventional rotating body is cancelled and a side span cast-in-place section and a closure section are arranged, so that the problem of high construction risk above the line or adjacent to an existing line is avoided; and before the beam body rotates, the whole beam body is poured with a support, a side pier is provided with high and low bearing platforms, pouring construction is carried out after the high bearing platform and the like rotate in place, pouring of the low bearing platform is completed before rotation construction, but pouring construction is conducted after support cushion stone rotates in place, so that with the construction method ,the problems that construction is conducted above an existing line or adjacent to the existing line are solved, the operation safety of a business line is guaranteed, the construction risk is reduced, the construction safety is guaranteed, and the construction efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses an earth pressure balance shield machine cutterhead. The surface of the cutterhead comprises a central area, a facial area and a marginal area, wherein each two-edged serrated cutter arranged on No. 1 to No. 8 cutter seats comprises two cutter bodies and two cutter heads fixedly connected on the cutter bodies, wherein the top face of each cutter head adopts the higher-middle and lower-side structure by gradually raising areas from both sides to the middle parts; the upper part of each side face of the cutter head is an externally expanded inclined face; the middle part of the top face is fixedly connected with a strip-shaped hard alloy, and the top faces of both sides of the strip-shaped hard alloy are fixedly connected with four rows of symmetrically distributed hard alloy column teeth; height differences are respectively formed between the tops of the hard alloy column teeth and the top of the strip-shaped hard alloy; and abrasion proof overlaying welding layers are fixedly connected with the peripheral top faces and the side faces of the strip-shaped hard alloy and the hard alloy column teeth. The cutterhead provided with the structure of the invention can increase advance rate, reduce abrasion and prolong service lives of the cutters, and reduce advancing cost under the circumstance of water-rich sandy cobble strata.

The invention discloses an anchor rod drill machine propulsion and rotation system and a cooperative self-adaptation control method thereof to increase the anchor protection speed and improve the drilling quality. Firstly, in order to restrain nonlinearity of a drill machine system and improve robustness of the drilling process, active disturbance rejection control is implemented for single loopsof a propulsion system and a rotation system; secondly, a rock hardness coefficient obtaining method based on drill machine while-drilling information is given; finally, a composite control mode is adopted, according to the estimated rock hardness coefficient, the optimal propulsion force and the optimal rotation speed of drilling of a drilling machine of this time are determined, and accordinglycooperative action of the anchor rod rotation and propulsion systems is achieved; and when the estimated rock hardness coefficient differs from the actual value, according to the low-frequency filtering value of the rotation pressure, the optimal propulsion force is adjusted in a self-adaptation mode, and the self-adaptation capacity of an anchor rod drill machine is improved.

The invention provides a freezing method of a frozen wall of a frozen wall of an inclined shaft, solving the problems of difficulty in digging in the construction because an aquifer of the inclined shaft is frozen and low construction speed and meeting safe and rapid construction requirements of the aquifer of the inclined shaft. The freezing method comprises the following steps of: drilling multiple rows of freezing holes which are parallel to each other and vertically distributed, on the group, along an axial freezing range of the inclined shaft, wherein the row number of the freezing holes is determined according to the cross section size of the inclined shaft and the required freezing time, the freezing holes at the lateral part and the freezing holes at the end part respectively go deep into a water-resisting layer in the depth, water in the aquifer at the lower part is isolated by the water-resisting layer, and the freezing holes at the top go deep into the top of the inclined shaft in depth; then arranging a freezing pipe and a liquid supply pipe in each drilled freezing hole, wherein the freezing pipe and the liquid supply pipe in each drilled freezing hole are communicated with an external freezing station; and finally, starting the freezing station and enabling low-temperature saline water prepared by the freezing station to flow in the each freezing pipe to absorb heat of the stratum around each freezing pipe to form a frozen cylinder, wherein all frozen cylinders are continuously enlarged and further connected to form the frozen wall which can resist earth pressure and water pressure.

The invention discloses a hydrofracturing sectional blasting fast tunnel excavation method. The method comprises the following steps: drilling in an advanced excavation surface, forming a plurality of wedge-shaped circular grooves in drill holes, communicating a water injection hole sealing device with a high-pressure water pump, sequentially pre-splitting the wedge-shaped circular grooves from the bottoms of the holes, loading the drill holes, which are arranged in a prism type, with cartridge, and then sealing the holes with stemming, connecting a blasting network for blasting, then injecting a chemical solution into the drill holes to realize fast excavation. According to the method, cracks generated by hydrofracturing provide multiple free surfaces, so that the development of the cracks are more sufficient, the chemical solution is further injected to react with rocks, so that the mechanical strength of the rocks is obviously reduced, the excavation speed of a tunneling machine is further quickened, dust is reduced during excavation, furthermore, the operation is simple, and the economic benefits are obvious.

A networking reinforcement method for cross drilling holes of an outburst coal seam is particularly suitable for the cross drilling holes of pre-drainage coal roadway band gas in the outburst coal seam. The method comprises the following steps: about 30-60 days before the excavating of a coal roadway, stopping gas extraction from the cross drilling holes, extending outwards the distance of H2, on two sides of the pre-excavating coal roadway; injecting reinforcement material into the cross drilling holes through an injection pump, wherein the spacing distance of the cross drilling holes is H1 and the cross drilling holes are no longer subject to gas extraction; and filling the slurry into the drilling holes and allowing the slurry to penetrate into the around coal, wherein when the reinforcement material in the holes are solidified, a weak-strong-weak structure system is formed on two sides of the coal roadway, so that the strength and stress distribution of the outburst coal seam is improved, and risks during extraction process can be effectively eliminated. According to the invention, the networking reinforcement method can reduce the deformation of the two sides of the outburst coal seam by 45-65 percent, the reinforcement workload by 35-50 percent, and improves the advance speed of the coal roadway by 40-60 percent, and therefore, has a very good promotional value.

The cylindrical excavating and anchoring machine as one mining apparatus consists of main frame, sliding frame, walking mechanism, hydraulic system, and spraying and dust eliminating system. The sliding frame embedded on the main frame can slide horizontally back and forth under the pushing mechanism, and the cutting part, top anchoring part and the loading part on the sliding mechanism operate simultaneously while the side supporting part on the main frame anchors the side parts. The present invention realizes sync cutting, loading and anchoring in high excavating speed and accurate positioning. In addition, the leading hole prospecting machine on the main frame may be used conveniently without need of moving.

The invention belongs to the technical field of temporary supports for underground fully mechanized excavation faces of coal mines, and particularly relates to an automatic bolt mesh laying step type temporary support for fully mechanized excavation faces, which solves the current problem that the efficiency of high-performance excavators cannot be sufficiently exerted because excavation, temporary supporting and bolting cannot be carried out synchronously. The automatic bolt mesh laying step type temporary support for fully mechanized excavation faces comprises an inner support assembly and an outer support assembly, the inner support assembly and the outer support assembly respectively comprise a left support and a right support, the left support and right support of the inner support assembly are arranged at the inner sides of the left support and right support of the outer support assembly, a height difference exists between the tops of crossbeams and the bottoms of longitudinal beams of one set of support assembly, and carrier rollers are arranged at positions where the tops of the crossbeams correspond to the bottoms of longitudinal beams of the other set of support assembly. Excavation, temporary supporting, bolt mesh laying, bolt mesh connection and bolting can be carried out synchronously, the labor intensity of workers is decreased greatly, the efficiency of excavation is increased, a working face can be supported in time, and a powerful guarantee is provided for the safety of operating personnel.

The invention discloses a novel omnibearing drill boom of a drill loader. The drill boom mainly comprises a main swing arm mechanism, a slewing mechanism, a front swing arm mechanism, a drill boom regulating mechanism and a drilling hydraulic mechanism which are sequentially and movably hinged, wherein the main swing arm mechanism and a main frame are organically combined and driven by a hydraulic drilling machine. The novel omnibearing drill boom can drill the shot holes in the advancing direction as well as flank holes and top support holes, and can improve the efficiency of excavating a rock roadway and achieve the aim of saving cost.