The invention discloses a culture medium and a culture method for promoting fast propagation of microalgae. The culture medium for promoting the fast propagation of microalgae is characterized in that hydroxyl-containing three-
carbon organic matters are added into the conventional culture medium, the concentration of the hydroxyl-containing three-
carbon organic matters in the culture medium is not greater than 1g / L, preferably, the concentration of the hydroxyl-containing three-
carbon organic matters is 0.05 g / L to 0.8 g / L, and the hydroxyl-containing three-carbon organic matters comprise glycerin, 1,3-
propylene glycol, 1,2-
propylene glycol, propyl
alcohol, isopropanol,
glyceric acid and glyceraldehydes. The culture method for promoting the fast propagation of the microalgae comprises the steps that: microalgae liquid and culture media of the hydroxyl-containing three-carbon organic matters are mixed in a
bioreactor according to the volume proportion of 1:15-1:30, the
biomass of initial microalgae in the
bioreactor is 40 mg / L to 80mg / L, the culture temperature is 20 DEG C to 37 DEG C, the stirring speed is 100 rpm to 500 rpm, and the illumination intensity is 1000
lux to 5000
lux. The culture medium has the advantages that the preparation method is simple, the cost is low, and the culture medium is suitable for industrial application; and when the culture medium is adopted for microalgae culture, the complicated CO2 supply equipment and the illumination condition are not needed, and the autotrophic metabolic efficiency of the microalgae and the CO2 fixing efficiency can be fast improved, so the problem of slow accumulation of microalgae
biomass is solved.