The invention relates to the field of 
metal material 
magnesium alloys, in particular to a rapid age hardening multi-element microalloy weak texture 
magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The 
alloy comprises the following components of 0.5 wt.%-2.0 wt.% of Zn, 0.1 wt.%-1.0 wt.% of Ca, 0 wt.%-1 wt.% of Sn, 0.05 wt.%-1 wt.% of 
manganese, and the balance commercial pure Mg and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the impurities is less than 0.02%. The preparation method of the 
alloy comprises the steps of 
smelting, hot 
extrusion, multi-pass controlled rolling, recrystallization treatment, low-temperature aging and the like, wherein the low-temperature aging comprises low-temperature aging after pre-deformation stretching and low-temperature aging after cold rolling. The 
magnesium alloy subjected to recrystallization treatment is subjected to pre-deformation stretching and low-temperature aging treatment, the 
average size of alloy grains is 2-7 micrometers, in addition, the obtained 
magnesium alloy has a good age 
hardening effect, and it can be seen from an EBSD diagram that the alloy shows weak texture characteristics distributed in the TD direction, and the 
electrode density is 4.0; and in addition, the 
magnesium alloy has good mechanical properties, the yield strength of the alloy is larger than or equal to 300 MPa, and the 
ductility is larger than or equal to 15%.