The invention relates to a solid lubricant glycan derivative for a drilling fluid. Raw materials of the derivative comprise, 30-40 parts of hydroxypropyl guanidine gum, 3-4 parts of propylene epoxide,0.1-0.15 part of sodium hydroxide, 20-30 parts of dodecyl alcohol, 0.15-0.2 part of a catalyst, 10-20 parts of white oil, 2-5 parts of a surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of an antifoaming agent, 10-20 parts of mica powder, 1-3 parts of a bactericide, 6-10 parts of ethanol and 10-25 parts of water. A preparation method includes the steps that the hydroxypropyl guanidine gum, the sodium hydroxide and the water are added into a reaction still and stirred continuously, and the propylene epoxide is added for stirring, refluxing and a reaction; a reaction solution is heated, the catalyst is added, and a mixed solution of the ethanol and the dodecyl alcohol is added under stirring for a reaction; the reaction material solution is cooled to the room temperature, the white oil, the surfactant, the antifoaming agent, the mica powder and the bactericide are added, stirred uniformly, dried and ground into powder, and then the derivative is obtained. The lubricating coefficient reduction rate is higher than or equal to 90%, the derivative has good high-temperature drop reduction performance and salt resistance, the preparation conditions are easily achieved, and the derivative is environmentally friendly.