The invention relates to a portable digital processing and receiving device and method for electromagnetic ultrasonic signals based on an FPGA. The device comprises an analog-digital conversion circuit, an FPGA, a sampling key, an SDRAM memory, a storage key and a display screen, wherein the analog-digital conversion circuit is taken as an analog signal receiving end of the device and is used forreceiving the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals, the output end of the analog-digital conversion circuit is connected with the FPGA, the input end of the FPGA is connected with a sampling key and a storage key respectively, the output end of the FPGA is connected with the display screen and the SDRAM memory respectively, the display screen is used for displaying characteristic signal waveforms and waveform relevant information, and data processed by the FPGA is stored into the SDRAM memory through the storage key; and the FPGA comprises an analog-digital conversion module, a data processing module, a display module and a storage module. The device is small in volume, low in cost and power consumption and can be used for receiving high-speed electromagnetic ultrasonic signals in a complexenvironment and carrying out digital processing and waveform display on the electromagnetic ultrasonic signals.