The invention provides a combined thermal insulation bolt connection structure. The combined thermal insulation bolt connection structure comprises a piston steel crown, a metal thermal insulation pad, elastic combined gaskets, bolts and an aluminum body; the metal thermal insulation pad is arranged between the piston steel crown and the contact surface of the aluminum body, the piston steel crown is provided with bolt holes for bolt fastening, the metal thermal insulation pad and the aluminum body are provided with through holes used for allowing the bolts to penetrate through, the piston steel crown, the metal thermal insulation pad and the aluminum body are fastened together through multiple bolts, and the elastic combined gaskets are arranged between the heads of the bolts and the aluminum body. The combined thermal insulation bolt connection structure has the following advantages that the metal thermal insulation pad is arranged between the piston steel crown and the aluminum body, therefore, heat is partially isolated through the thermal insulation pad, and the temperature of the aluminum body is controlled within the reasonable range; the elastic combined gaskets are adopted between the bolts and the contact surface of the aluminum body, therefore, part of deformation can be compensated when the piston is heated to be expanded or cooled, and the tensile loads of the bolts are reduced; the contact stress of the aluminum body bearing surface can be reduced, and then aluminum body cracking is prevented.