The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machines and provides a garlic cleaving device. The garlic cleaving device comprises a feeding mechanism, a cleaving mechanism and a peel pressing mechanism. The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper and a baffle conveying belt; the cleaving mechanism comprises a discharging hopper and a cleaving machine, the cleaving machine is located under the discharging hopper and provided with two sets of buffer rollers, each set of buffer rollers comprises upper buffer roller bodies, middle buffer roller bodies and lower buffer roller bodies, and the gap between the two sets of buffer rollers is decreased from top to bottom; the peel pressing mechanism is arranged below the cleaving mechanism and comprises a conveying belt, carrier rollers and a transfer hopper, and the carrier rollers are arranged on the conveying belt and provided with fluffy outer surfaces. The garlic cleaving device is provided with the cleaving machine, the two sets of buffer rollers serve as main bodies, and the device makes softened contact with garlic, the broken phenomenon is not likely to happen, the perfectness ratio of the garlic is greatly improved, the garlic is clove evenly, the cleaving effect is good, the cleaving mechanism is simple in structure, and the garlic cleaving device is convenient to maintain and clean.