The invention discloses a preparation method of a moisture-curable polyurethane hot melt adhesive. The method comprises the following steps: 1) adding adipic acid polyester polyol, phthalic anhydride polyester polyol, polyoxypropylene ether glycol and an antioxidant into a reaction kettle, uniformly stirring the components, heating the mixture to 120-130 DEG C, and dehydrating the mixture for 2 h under the vacuum degree of less than 100 Pa; (2) cooling the mixture to 75-95 DEG C, adding MDI and a catalyst, and stirring the mixture to carry out a reaction for 2 hours at the temperature of 85-90 DEG C and the vacuum degree of less than 100Pa; 3) adding an auxiliary agent, and quickly stirring the mixture for 30 minutes under the vacuum degree of less than 100 Pa; and 4) rapidly discharging and packaging the product under the protection of nitrogen. According to the PUR prepared through the method, curing is accelerated, meanwhile, the mode that -NCO groups react with water vapor in air for curing is changed, the -NCO groups react with active hydrogen in a latent curing agent, a carbon dioxide product is not generated, meanwhile, due to addition of a combined auxiliary, the product performance is further stabilized, and the service life is prolonged.