2 results about "Gamma-Valerolactone" patented technology

This invention discloses a method for preparing a metal phosphide catalyst. The method involves uniformly mixing a carbon-containing precursor with a phosphorus-containing precursor solution and then drying the mixture to obtain a solid product. The solid product is then pyrolyzed under an inert atmosphere. The pyrolyzed solid product is washed and dried to obtain a phosphorus-doped carbon material. A metal salt solution is then uniformly mixed with the obtained phosphorus-doped carbon material, dried, and reduced under a hydrogen-containing gas atmosphere to obtain the metal phosphide catalyst. Thus, this invention prepares phosphorus-doped porous carbon through the pyrolysis of a carbon precursor and a phosphorus-containing precursor. This utilizes the binding effect of phosphorus functional groups with metal ions to inhibit the migration and aggregation of metal particles under high-temperature conditions, effectively preventing metal particle sintering and improving the yield of the target catalytic product.

A method of forming gamma valerolactone (GVL) includes contacting a mixed feed stream comprising unreacted 3-pentenenitrile (3PN) and water within a first reactor in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst. The reaction can occur at a temperature range of 100°C to 400°C and under a pressure of 150 pounds per square inch (psi) or less. The method involves separating unreacted 3PN and water from the GVL product, then routing these unreacted components back to the first reactor for further GVL formation.