46 results about "Intermittent claudication" patented technology

The present invention relates to a method of reducing C-reactive protein in a subject in need of treatment thereof, wherein the subject is at risk of having or the subject has already had a vascular event or suffering from an inflammatory disease or disorder. In one embodiment, the vascular event is a cardiovascular event (e.g., myocardial infarction). In another embodiment, the vascular event is a cerebrovascular event (e.g., stroke (such as transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)). In yet another embodiment the vascular event is a peripheral vascular event (e.g., intermittent claudication). The method comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of at least one growth hormone secretagogue compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or solvate thereof. The growth hormone secretagogue can be coadministered with a second growth hormone secretagogue, HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, an ACAT inhibitor, a CETP inhibitor, an anti-inflammatory agent, an ACE inhibitor, a Beta blocker, a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, a nicotonic acid, a fibric acid derivative, a bile acid sequestering agent or a combination thereof.

The present invention relates to methods of treating intermittent claudication comprising administering glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) molecules to subjects suffering therefrom.

The present invention relates to methods of treating intermittent claudication comprising administering glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) molecules to subjects suffering therefrom.

An agent for treating or ameliorating diabetic complications which contains at least one potassium channel activator as an active ingredient. The drug is expected to show a therapeutic or ameliorating action on diabetic complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, peripheral circulation disorders, and skin ulcerations; it also proves effective in preventing, ameliorating, alleviating and gaining recovery from various symptoms and abnormalities caused by those diseases, as exemplified by blindness, proteinurea, pain, numbness, psychroesthesia, intermittent claudication and gangrene.

Embodiments of the invention generally provide pharmaceutical drug compositions, methods of preparing oral drug compositions, such as controlled release dosage compositions for hydrophobic active ingredients. In one aspect, the invention provides a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a hydrophobic drug, an adjustable ratio of a non-cross linked hydrogel polymer and a non-gelling insoluble polymer. One example is a controlled release pharmaceutical composition which includes 1% to 80% of a therapeutically amount of cilostazol, 4% to 80% of a water-swelling hydrogel polymer, and 4% to 80% of a non-gelling insoluble polymer. In another aspect, a constant release profile of the pharmaceutical formulation is obtained. In another aspect, a zero degree release profile of the pharmaceutical formulation is obtained. Further, a method for treating intermittent claudication using the pharmaceutical formulation is provided.

The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicines and particularly relates to a medicine for treating and preventing the rheumatism of muscles and bones, which comprises a medicine for oral administration and a medicine for external use, wherein the medicine for the oral administration comprises the following components: sea otter, sea horse, Rhizoma Drynariae, antler glue, Herba Epimedii, fleece-flower root, Eucommia ulmoides, large-leaved gentian, Monkshood, Angelica sinensis, Caulis Spatholobi, Astragalus mongholicus, scorpio, frankincense, myrrh, earthworm, Sweetgum Fruit, notopterygium root, Radix Saposhnikoviae, ground beetle, Manis pentadactyla, pseudo-ginseng, gastrodia elata, rhizoma corydalis and Ligusticum wallichii, and the medicine for the external use comprises the following components: Alangium platanifolium, rhizoma smilacis glabrae, semen brassicae, Eupolyphaga, monkshood, radix aconiti agrestis, phryma leptostachya and curcuma zedoary. The medicinalmaterials are soaked to prepare medicated wine by using 58-62 degrees of white spirit after being ground into powder, and the two medicines are combined for use. The medicine for treating and preventing the rheumatism of the muscles and bones has an obvious effect and especially has an obvious curative effect on the rheumatism of the muscles and bones, such as rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion, lumbar muscle degeneration, Ankylosing Spondylitis, femoral head necrosis, arthroedema, sciatica, intermittent claudication, cervical vertebra ache and stiffness, amyotrophy, osteoproliferation, scapulohumeral periarthritis, arthritis, arthromeningitis and the like and has a wide application range, is economic and practical and is convenient to popularize.

The invention relates to a mutant hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha, coded nucleic acid of the mutant hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha, a carrier containing wild coded nucleic acid of the mutant hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha, in particular to a recombinant adenovirus carrier and a drug composition containing the mutant hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha, the coded nucleic acid and the carriers. The mutant protein, the nucleic acid, the carriers and the drug composition can be used to treat ischemic diseases, such as coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial ischemic vascular diseases, intermittent claudication and so on.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicinal composition for treating cold dampness blood stasis blocking channel type diabetic feet. The composition comprises oral medicines and external medicines, wherein the oral medicines comprise Peach Seed, Chinese angelica, Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Chinese cassia, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Poria cocos, epimeddium, prepared Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, Radix Polygalae, safflower, Ligusticum wallichii, rehmanniae radix, Millettia dielsiana, Chinese gall and lumbricus; and the external medicines comprise Chinese prickly ash, Radix Clematidis, Viciaamoena Fisch, Boswellia carteri, myrrh, Rheum officinale, Amur Corktree Bark, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Ilex pubescens, fried Radix Sanguisorbae, safflower, talcum powder and Bletilla striata. The cold dampness blood stasis blocking channel type diabetic feet most appear in patients suffering the early-stage diabetic feet, and the main symptoms of the cold dampness blood stasis blocking channel type diabetic feet comprise warm liking, chill sensation, and cold, hemp and painful abnormal feels of affected limbs, intermittent claudication, foot skin dryness, hair shedding, food skin paleness during lower limp raising, skin purple during lower limp sagging, light tongue nature and white tongue fur. The traditional Chinese medicinal materials adopted in the invention has the different medical properties of qi and blood benefiting, blood circulation promoting and blood stasis removing, and inflammation removing and flesh engendering. On one hand, the local micro-vascular impairment of the lower limbs is improved and the blood circulation is promoted to make necrotic tissues shed as fast as possible in order to reach tissue restoration; and on the other hand, the oral medicines can effectively control the blood sugar, adjust the blood viscosity and reduce the blood pressure; and simultaneously the food infection is prevented to enhance the body immunity.

The present invention relates to the use of a compound of formula 3 or a salt thereof to prepare a medicament or phototherapeutic agent for treating the following diseases, including: acne; AIDS; viral hepatitis; diabetic retinopathy; SARS virus infection; coronavirus Arterial stenosis; carotid artery stenosis; intermittent claudication; Asian (chicken) avian influenza virus infection; cervical dysplasia or various cancers, including: blood cancer, cervical cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, tracheal cancer, laryngeal cancer, bronchial cancer , bronchiolar cancer, bladder cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, rectal cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, hollow organ cancer, bile duct cancer, urinary tract cancer, kidney cancer, uterine cancer, vaginal cancer and other gynecological adnexal cancer. The present invention also relates to methods of treating the above diseases. The present invention further relates to the use of the compound of formula 3 or a salt thereof to prepare a photodiagnostic agent for detecting the above-mentioned diseases and the following diseases, including: atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, arthritis, rheumatism Arthritis, fungal infections, viral infections, chlamydial infections, bacterial infections, or parasitic diseases, HIV viral infections, hepatitis, herpes simplex, shingles, psoriasis, cardiovascular disease, and skin diseases. The present invention also relates to methods for detecting the above diseases using photodiagnostic agents. The present invention further relates to a method for low-temperature sterilization of surgical devices or other devices, including the steps of: providing a compound of Chemical Formula 3 or a salt thereof on the device; and subjecting the device to radiation treatment or sonication treatment. The invention further relates to a compound of formula 3 or a salt thereof linked or attached to a magnetic element. This compound acts as an MRI enhancer. The invention also relates to the use of such MRI enhancers for performing MRI scans.

The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating rheumatism and rheumatoid and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials of lysimachia foenum-graecum, lemongrass, scandent schefflera stem and leaf, Artemisia carvifolia, fresh ginger, beautiful millettia root, Semiliquidambar cathayensis, garden balsam stem, Caulis Spatholobi, Cudrania cochinchinensis, Parabarium micranthum, philippine flemingia root, folium artemisiae argyi, radix clematidis, lucid ganoderma, astragalus, Uncaria rhynchonphylla and Kadsura coccinea. The medicine can be used for effectively treating rheumatism and rheumatoid diseases, has an excellent curative effect on low back and leg pain, numbness of limb, intermittent claudication and bone pain caused by lumbar disc herniation.

The invention relates to the compounds of formula I or its pharmaceutical acceptable salts, as well as polymorphs, solvates, enantiomers, stereoisomers and hydrates thereof. The pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of compounds of formula I, and methods for treating or preventing or modulating carbonic anhydrase activity in a disease may be formulated for oral, buccal, rectal, topical, transdermal, transmucosal, intravenous, parenteral administration, syrup, or injection. Such compositions may be used to treatment of glaucoma, epileptic seizures, Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri), altitude sickness, cystinuria, periodic paralysis and dural ectasia, congestive heart failure, drug induced edema, diuretic, intermittent claudication resulting from obstructed arteries in the limbs, and vascular dementia.

The invention relates to a combination of picotamide(N,N′-bis-(3-picolyl)-4-methoxy-isophthalamide) and nafronyl(2-diethylaminoethyl 2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoate), pharmaceutical compositions, and use of this combination in the treatment of intermittent claudication.

The invention relates to angiogenesis of a triple mutant low-oxygen inducible factor 1 alpha induced by auxiliary activating factors and application thereof. The invention relates to the triple mutant low-oxygen inducible factor 1 alpha and a vector containing the triple mutant low-oxygen inducible factor 1 alpha for encoding nucleic acid, in particular a recombinant adenovirus vector and a medicinal composition containing the factor and the vector. Triple mutant HIF-1 alpha protein can be bound with the auxiliary activating factors such as response element binding protein (CREB) / adenovirus E1A associated protein P300 (CBP / p300), histone deacetylase (HDAC) and the like to promote expression of HIF-1 alpha downstream target genes such as a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the like. The triple mutant protein, the nucleic acid, the vector and the medicinal composition are used for promoting angiogenesis and treating ischemic diseases such as coronary disease, peripheral artery ischemic vascular disease, intermittent claudication and the like.

[Problem] To provide a medicinal composition which functions to activate soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and which is for the treatment or prevention of various cardiovascular diseases that is based on an improvement in cGMP signals. [Solution] An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound represented by formula (I), which has a carbamoyl group at the 3-position of the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine framework and has a specific ring group bonded to the 8-position through a methyleneoxy group, or a salt of the compound. The pyridine compound or salt functions to activate sGC and is useful as the active ingredient of a medicinal composition for the treatment or prevention of various cardiovascular diseases in which sGC participates, in particular, peripheral arterial diseases, intermittent claudication, critical limb ischemia, hypertension, and pulmonary hypertension. (In formula (I), A1 is cyclohexyl, phenyl substituted by 1-3 fluorine atoms, or 3-fluoropyridin-2-yl and R is a group represented by any of the formulae (i) to (vii).)

The present invention provides methods of treatment and prevention of early cardiac and early cardiovascular diseases, for instance of ischemic origin, such as left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, essential hypertension, acute hypertensive emergency, cardiomyopathy, heart insufficiency, exercise tolerance, chronic heart failure, arrhythmia, cardiac dysrhythmia, syncopy, arteriosclerosis, mild chronic heart failure, angina pectoris, cardiac bypass reocclusion, intermittent claudication (arteriosclerosis oblitterens), diastolic dysfunction and systolic dysfunction, as well as improving the success of heart transplantations, through administration of glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor compounds.

The invention belongs to the medicine category, and in particular discloses a Chinese herbal medicine composition for treating early occlusive peripheral atherosclerosis. The composition comprises the following raw material drugs in parts by weight: 10-60 parts of astragalus mongholicus, 5-30 parts of ginseng, 3-10 parts of cassia twig, 5-10 parts of lumbricus, 2-5 parts of scorpion, 1.5-3 parts of leech, 3-10 parts of pangolin scales, 6-15 parts of medicinal cyathula root, 3-10 parts of long-noded pit viper, 3-10 parts of safflower carthamus, 3-10 parts of frankincense and 3-10 parts of rhizoma corydalis. The composition disclosed by the invention has the effects of supplementing qi and activating blood, breaking blood stasis, dredging collaterals and relieving pain; according to composition disclosed by the invention, blood circulation of lower limbs can be effectively improved, limbs pain is obviously relieved or effectively eliminated, intermittent claudication is relieved or eliminated, skin is changed to normal skin color from black brown, lower limb crural muscular atrophy can be retarded or controlled, healing effect of later-stage toe, foot or crural ulcer is promoted, the disadvantage of not effectively preventing disease process from gradually developing and deteriorating which is caused owing to merely using western medicine to carry out symptomatic treatment is solved, and an effective treatment measure is provided for a new subject.

The invention discloses an externally applied drug for curing thromboangiitis obliterans. The externally applied drug is characterized in that the externally applied drug comprises 200 ml of fresh local chicken blood, 30 g of dried body of ground beetle, 15 g of cassia twig, 30g of Chinese flowering quince, 30 g of prepared rehmannia root, 30 g of figwort root and 40 g of seeds of potherb mustard; and the accuracy degree of dose of the prescription is plus or minus 10 percent of each drug. The externally applied drug has obvious effect for curing thromboangiitis obliterans including intermittent claudication, rest pain and migrating thrombophlebitis, is safe and effective, and does not has any side effects.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicinal composition for strengthening spleen and activating collaterals and an application thereof. The formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of radix puerariae, 12-18 parts of radix salviae miltiorrhizae, 25-35 parts of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, 25-35 parts of radix codonopsis, 8-12 parts of cortex phellodendri, 8-12 parts of rhizoma acori graminei, 12-18 parts of pheretima, 8-12 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 25-35 parts of radix astragali and 8-12 parts of radix notoginseng. The traditional Chinese medicinal composition is a prescription for treating diabetes from treatise on the spleen and stomach, has the functions of strengthening spleen and supplementing qi, and promoting blood circulationto remove meridian obstruction, is used for treating diabetes caused by spleen deficiency and collateral stasis, with the symptoms, such as polydipsia, polyuria and polyphagia due to dry mouth, fatigue and asthenia, sallow or darkish complexion, abdominal fullness and distention, poor appetite, squamous and dry skin, limb paralysis and pain, dominated stabbing pain, aggravated pain at night, intermittent claudication, hemiplegia, distortion of commissure, pale and dingy tongue with bruises, white tongue fur, deep, thin and astringent pulses and the like, and has an obvious curative effect after being taken by patients with the syndromes, such as diabetes and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic angiopathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetes complicated with a coronary heart disease and diabetes complicated with cerebral infarction.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicinal composition for treating cold dampness blood stasis blocking channel type diabetic feet. The composition comprises oral medicines and external medicines, wherein the oral medicines comprise Peach Seed, Chinese angelica, Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Chinese cassia, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Poria cocos, epimeddium, prepared Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, Radix Polygalae, safflower, Ligusticum wallichii, rehmanniae radix, Millettia dielsiana, Chinese gall and lumbricus; and the external medicines comprise Chinese prickly ash, Radix Clematidis, Viciaamoena Fisch, Boswellia carteri, myrrh, Rheum officinale, Amur Corktree Bark, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Ilex pubescens, fried Radix Sanguisorbae, safflower, talcum powder and Bletilla striata. The cold dampness blood stasis blocking channel type diabetic feet most appear in patients suffering the early-stage diabetic feet, and the main symptoms of the cold dampness blood stasis blocking channel type diabetic feet comprise warm liking, chill sensation, and cold, hemp and painful abnormal feels of affected limbs, intermittent claudication, foot skin dryness, hair shedding, food skin paleness during lower limp raising, skin purple during lower limp sagging, light tongue nature and white tongue fur. The traditional Chinese medicinal materials adopted in the invention has the different medical properties of qi and blood benefiting, blood circulation promoting and blood stasis removing, and inflammation removing and flesh engendering. On one hand, the local micro-vascular impairment of the lower limbs is improved and the blood circulation is promoted to make necrotic tissues shed as fast as possible in order to reach tissue restoration; and on the other hand, the oral medicines can effectively control the blood sugar, adjust the blood viscosity and reduce the blood pressure; and simultaneously the food infection is prevented to enhance the body immunity.

The invention describes the use of betaine for treating and preventing arterites. The invention also describes an orally administered composition for treating arterites and, in particular, intermittent claudication, said composition containing, as an active ingredient, an active therapeutic quantity of betaine glycine by single dose. The invention particularly describes a medicament provided for treating a patient suffering from an intermittent claudication caused by peripheral circulatory disorders such as arteriosclerosis obliterans or by thromboangiitis obliterans.

The present invention relates to the use of a compound of formula 3 or a salt thereof for the manufacture of a medicament or phototherapeutic agent for the treatment of acne, Aids, viral hepatitis, diabetic retinopathy, infection with sars virus, coronary artery stenosis, carotid artery stenosis, intermittent claudication, Asian (chicken) flu virus, cervical dysplasia or cancer of the blood, cervix, naso-pharynx, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles, bladder, esophagus, stomach, rectum, colon, prostate, hollow organs, bile duct, ureter, kidney, uterus, vaginal or other female adnexa. The invention also relates to methods of treating these diseases.The present invention further relates to the use of a compound of formula 3 or a salt thereof for the manufacture of a photodiagnostic agent for the detection of the above diseases, as well as atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, a fungal, viral, chlamydial, bacterial, nanobacterial or parasitic infectious disease, HIV, hepatitis, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, psoriasis, a cardiovascular disease, or a dermatological condition. The invention also relates to methods of detecting these diseases by photodiagnosis.The present invention further relates to a method of cold sterilising a surgical or other device, comprising the steps of: providing a compound of formula 3 or a salt thereof on the device and subjecting the device to irradiation or sound.The present invention further relates to a compound of formula 3 or a salt thereof, linked or attached to a magnetic element. Such a compound may be used as an MRI enhancer. The present invention also relates to a method of carrying out an MRI scan using such an MRI enhancer.

The invention specifically relates to a levocarnitine sesquihydrate, which belongs to the technical field of medicines. The levocarnitine sesquihydrate obtained in the invention contains one and a half crystal water and has the advantages of a high purity and good stability, having non-obvious moisture absorption and weight gain even under the condition of high humidity. The invention also relates to application of the levocarnitine sesquihydrate in preventing and mitigating myocardial damage, in mitigating and alleviating symptoms of chest pain, in treating coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, heart failure, myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, in auxiliary treatment of renal disease, chronic pulmonary heart disease, male sterility, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, intermittent claudication, as well as acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, chronic hepatic insufficiency, muscular atrophy, diabetes and bad postpartum uterus contraction, etc.

The invention relates to a Yao medicine rehabilitation external lotion for treating cerebral apoplexy sequelae, and a preparation method of the external lotion. The effective components of the external lotion are prepared from the following Yao medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 45-60 parts of Gnetum parvifolium (Warb.) C. Y. Cheng ex Chun, 45-60 parts of Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang, 45-60 parts of vitaceae cissus hastataCissus pterocladaHayata, 45-60 parts ofPittosporum illicioides Mak., 45-60 parts of Acanthopanacis Cortex, 25-40 parts ofGlechomalongituba (Nakai) Kupr., 45-60 parts of Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) A. C. Smith, 45-60 parts of MillettiareticuiataBenth, 45-60 parts of Herba Sarcandrae, 45-60 parts ofGaultheria cumingiana, 45-60 parts of Liquidambar formosana, 45-60 parts of Ventilago leiocarpa Benth., 45-60 parts of Pinus massoniana Lamb., 45-60 parts of Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehd. Et Wils. and 45-60 parts of Grendarussa valgaris. The external lotion has the characteristics that the cerebral apoplexy sequelae can be effectively treated; the external lotion has a very treatment effect for waist-leg pain, limb numbness, intermittent claudication and skeleton pain caused by lumbar disc herniation; the effects of treating both symptoms and root causes are achieved; the body immunity can be enhanced; and the like.

The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine prescription for treating arteriosclerosis obliterans and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese pharmacology. The traditional Chinese medicine prescription for treating arteriosclerosis obliterans is mainly prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 200 to 400 parts of galium verum, 200 to 400 parts of radix astragali, 100 to 200 parts of earthworm, 100 to 200 parts of radix paeoniae rubra, 100 to 200 parts of rhizoma alismatis, 100 to 200 parts of scorpio, 100 to 200 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 100to 200 parts of corydalis tuber, 100 to 200 parts of prepared liquorice root and 150 to 300 parts of honeysuckle flower. After the traditional Chinese medicine prescription is used by a user, the healing rate of limb pain is 60 percent, the healing rate of limb afraid of cold is 68.7 percent, the healing rate of limb numbness is 70 percent and the healing rate of intermittent claudication is 68.3percent.

The invention discloses a medicinal solution for diabetic foot care, which is prepared from the following raw materials: 20-60g of sheep kidney, 12-36g of black tea, 20-40g of American ginseng, 15-30g of raw pumpkin pulp, and 20-g of mulberry leaves 40g, purple shoot flower 10-15g, tomato juice 12-20g, armillaria 10-15g, capillary wormwood 10-30g, comfrey 10-25g, isatidis 5-15g Kochia 5-15g, duckweed 5- 20g, safflower 1‑8g, safflower 20‑40g, coptis 15‑30g, Polygonum multiflorum 10‑15g, Panax notoginseng 100‑200g, fried aurantium aurantium 5‑20g, salvia miltiorrhiza 6‑12g, fried white peony root 15‑30g, broiled 20‑40g of licorice, 5‑12g of broad bean, 400g of vaseline, and 200g of boy’s urine. In recent years, we have treated type 1 diabetic foot patients with foot pain and intermittent claudication. More than 85% of them are cured after one day of treatment.

An agonist of a non-proteolytically activated thrombin receptor can be used in a method for treating peripheral arterial disease. The agonist can be a thrombin peptide derivative. In some embodiments, the peripheral arterial disease is characterized by intermittent claudication. The thrombin peptide derivatives to be used in the methods can have amino acid sequences similar to a region of thrombin. Usually, the thrombin peptide derivatives are 12-23 amino acid residues in length. In some cases, the thrombin peptide derivatives are dimers, and in particular, dimers that result from formation of a disulfide bond between two cysteine residues of peptide monomers.

The invention relates to a mailuoning granule and preparation method, wherein the mailuoning granule has the functions of clearing heat and nourishing yin and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis. The mailuoning granule comprises a mailuoning extract and polysaccharide, wherein the mailuoning extract is prepared by taking radix achyranthis bidentatae, scrophulariae, dendrobium and honeysuckle as raw materials. The mailuoning granule is clinically used for the coolness, soreness, numb, burning sensation, intermittent claudication, rest pain and the like of limb skin caused by stage-I and stage-II athero-sclerosis obliterans and thromboangitis obliterans, as well as local swelling, pain, skin temperature rise, skin color abnormality and the like caused by acute and subacute-stage deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremity, and hemiplegia, deviation of mouth and tongue, hemianesthesia, unsmooth speech and the like caused by mild and severe cerebral infarction in recovery phase. The mailuoning granule has the good pharmaceutical and biological properties.

The present invention provides a compound having a PDHK inhibitory activity and useful for the treatment or prophylaxis of diabetes (type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes etc.), insulin resistance syndrome, metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia, hyperlactacidemia, diabetic complications (diabetic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, cataract etc.), cardiac failure (acute cardiac failure, chronic cardiac failure), cardiomyopathy, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease, intermittent claudication, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, brain ischemia, cerebral apoplexy, mitochondrial disease, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, cancer, pulmonary hypertension or Alzheimer disease. The present invention relates to a compound of the formula [I-a] or the formula [II], or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:wherein each symbol means the same as that described in the specification.

The present invention discloses a method for treating a subject suffering from intermittent claudication (IC) wherein said subject takes an effective dose of propionyl L-carnitine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and also engaging in a concomitant physical training program. The method is particular effective for patients with intermittent claudication at class II of the Leriche-Fontaine's classification. The method provides a relief from peripheral arterial disease symptoms, as shown by claudication-limited exercise tolerance, while also improving quality of life.