The invention belongs to the field of detection of microbial molecules, and particularly relates to a reagent kit for quickly detecting and typing legionella and a method for detecting the same. The reagent kit for quickly detecting and typing the legionella comprises bacterial genome DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) extract liquid, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) liquid, PCR primer mixed liquid, positive control liquid and negative control liquid. The PCR primer mixed liquid, the positive control liquid and the negative control liquid contain legionella specific primers and specific primers on polymorphic sites of mononucleotide of 16s rRNA (ribosoma ribonucleic acid) genes of legionella pneumophila. The reagent kit and the method have the advantages that the reagent kit is high in specificity and accuracy, whether the legionella is available or not can be quickly detected by the aid of the reagent kit, whether the legionella is the legionella pneumophila or not further can be simultaneously identified without repeated gel electrophoresis analysis, accordingly, the cost can be saved, and the reagent kit is easy and convenient to operate; accurate detection results can be obtained, and the reagent kit is a perfect reagent kit for quickly detecting and typing the legionella.