The invention discloses a high-strength and shock-resistance type metal ceramic composite lining plate and a preparation method thereof. The composite lining plate comprises, by mass, 20-80 parts of ceramic particles, 30-80 parts of metal powder, 30-50 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 5-10 parts of medium density polyethylene, 6-8 parts of low density polyethylene, 1-3 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 1-2 parts of diatomite, 10-15 parts of glass fibers, 0.5-1 part of dicumyl peroxide, 1-5 parts of coupling agent, 1-3 parts of antistatic agent, 1-3 parts of curing agent and 1-2 parts of addition agent. The preparation method includes the steps that the ceramic particles, the metal powder and the addition agent are mixed first so that a mixture A can be obtained; then the other components are mixed so that a mixture B can be obtained; afterwards, the mixture A and the mixture B are mixed, formed, sintered, quenched and tempered, and accordingly the composite lining plate is obtained. The metal ceramic composite lining plate has the characteristics of excellent abrasion resistance, impact resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and low-temperature toughness, and meanwhile has the characteristics of being good in processability and low in material cost.