154 results about "Pyruvic dehydrogenase" patented technology

A high flux in conversion of pyruvate to acetolactate was achieved in yeast through expression of acetolactate synthase in the cytosol in conjunction with reduction in pyruvate decarboxylase activity. Additional manipulations to improve flux to acetolactate are reduced pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and reduced glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Production of compounds having acetolactate as an upstream intermediate benefit from the increased conversion of pruvate to acetolactate in the described strains.

A yeast strain, wherein the yeast strain is transformed with at least one copy of a gene coding for <SMALLCAPS>D</SMALLCAPS>-lactate dehydrogenase functionally linked to a promoter sequence allowing the expression of the gene in the yeast strain and the yeast strain has undergone disruption of one or more pyruvate decarboxylase genes or pyruvate dehydrogenase genes. Also, a method of producing <SMALLCAPS>D</SMALLCAPS>-lactic acid including culturing such a yeast strain in a medium and recovering <SMALLCAPS>D</SMALLCAPS>-lactic acid.

The present invention provides live, attenuated Mycoplasma bacteria that exhibit reduced expression of one or more proteins selected from the group consisting of pyruvate dehydrogenase, phosphopyruvate hydratase, 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase, and ribosomal protein L35, relative to a wild-type Mycoplasma bacterium of the same species. Also provided are vaccines and vaccination methods involving the use of the live, attenuated Mycoplasma bacteria, and methods for making live attenuated Mycoplasma bacteria.

The invention is a method of synthesizing alpha-ketoglutarate by fermenting microbes, promoting to produce a large amount of alpha-ketoglutarate in fermenting course by adding CaCO3 to the culture medium and increasing biotin concentration. in the course of fermenting candida glabrata CCTCC M202019 to producing pyruvic acid, the delay of time of adding CaCO3 will inhibit the generation of alpha-ketoglutarate and increase the carbon mole ratio of pyruvic acid to alpha-ketoglutarate (CPYR/CKG), and increase of CaCO3 concentration in the culture medium will promote accumulation of a large amount of alpha-ketoglutarate, when the CaCO3 concentration is 40g/L, it is most beneficial to alpha-ketoglutarate generation. Keeping the CaCO3 concentration in the culture medium but increasing biotin concentration in the culture medium so as to promote the continuous increase of the alpha-ketoglutarate concentration but continuous decrease of CPYR/ CKG value, and when biotin concentration is 60mum g/L, accumulated quantity of alpha- ketoglutarate is 23.5g/L. when Ca2+ exists, in-cell phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity can be increased by 40%, and the activity of pyruvic acid dehydrogenase system does not change obviously. The increase of the Ca2+ and biotin concentration can remarkably the activity of enhance pyruvic acid dehydrogenase, thus making T.glabrata transfer from production of pyruvic acid by fermenting to synthesis of high-concentration alpha-ketoglutarate.

The use of compounds of formula (I), and salts thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable in vivo cleavable prodrugs of said compound of formula (I); and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said compound or said prodrugs; in formula (I), Ring C is phenyl or a carbon linked heteroaryl ring substituted as defined within; R<1> is an ortho substituent as defined within; n is 1 or 2; A-B is a linking group as defined within; R<2> and R<3> are as defined within; R<4> is hydroxy, hydrogen, halo, amino or methyl; in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the elevation of PDH activity in warm-blooded animals such as humans is described. Pharmaceutical compositions, methods and processes for preparation of compounds of formula (I) are also described.

The invention provides a method for preparing high optical purity D-lactic acid by fermentation. The method is characterized in that D-lactic acid high-yield recombinant strain is fermented for 30 to 50 hours in stages at a temperature of between 20 and 45 DEG C to prepare the D-lactic acid with yield level reaching 12 percent and optical purity of the D-lactic acid reaching more than 99.5 percent. By expressing pyruvate dehydrogenase encoding gene and NAD dependency D-lactic acid dehydrogenase encoding gene of the D-lactic acid high recombinant strain under the control of fermentation parameter, the production process of the D-lactic acid can be controlled only by changing the fermentation temperature, so the aim and the effect of synthesizing optical purity D-lactic acid in high-efficiency by using glucose as a raw material are achieved.

Methods of selecting a subject with cancer for treatment with an active agent that modifies pyruvate metabolism, the TCA cycle, or oxidative phosphorylation, as well as methods of treating the subject, determining the efficacy of the treatment, and adjusting the treatment dosage and frequency are provided. Methods of selecting and treating as subject typically include, (a) detecting the level of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of one or more Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carriers (MPC), one or more components of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDC), or mitochondrial glutamine transporter in diseased or disordered cells obtained from the subject; and (b) selecting the subject for treatment if the subject meets certain criteria and (c) administering the subject an effective amount of an active agent that modifies pyruvate metabolism, the TCA cycle, a related metabolic pathway, or oxidative phosphorylation to treat the disease or disorder.

The present invention is based on the discovery that an antibody specific for PDH complex can be used to immunoprecitate PDH complex from the patient sample in an active state. Therefore the anti-PDH complex specific antibody can be used to determine the amount of and/or active state of PDH in a patient sample. The invention immunoassay methods for determining the amount and/or active state of PDH complex present in a patient sample are useful for screening to identify individuals having symptoms indicating malfunction of PDH complex. For example, the invention methods can be used to screen individuals for symptoms of onset of the diabetic state, such as insulitis, and for diagnosing late onset diseases, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's and the like.

Microbial production of pyruvate and metabolites derived from pyruvate in cells exhibiting reduced pyruvate dehydrogenase activity compared to wild-type cells. Acetate and glucose are supplied as a carbon sources.

A native homoethanol pathway including chromosomal deletions of genes that are competitive with the native homoethanol pathway, and a highly anaerobically expressed pyruvate dehydrogenase operon. Bacteria including the native homoethanol pathway. A method of making a bacteria derivative including a native homoethanol pathway by deleting genes that are competitive with ethanol production pathways, and performing transcriptional gene fusion and highly anaerobically expressing pyruvate dehydrogenase operon. A method of producing ethanol by fermenting bacteria including the native homoethanol pathway with biomass, and producing ethanol. Ethanol produced by the above method.

The invention provides a method for enzyme activity analysis and detection of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH complex, PDHC), and the invention also provides a reagent for determining the enzyme activity of PDHC. The method and the agent can be used for analysis and determination of the enzyme activity of PDHC in samples, and thus can be used for analysis, examination and diagnosis of clinical diseases. The principle of the invention is that: PDHC can orderly perform catalytic decarboxylation of pyruvic acid to generate products of CO2, acetyl coenzyme A, and NADH. Therefore, detection of the generation of the final product NADH means the detection of the enzyme activity of PDHC. NADH can emit fluorescence at a specific excitation wavelength, and the reaction rate is in direct proportion to the product fluorescence intensity, so the enzyme activity of PDHC in a sample can be calculated by detecting the fluorescence value change. The detection method of the enzyme activity of PDHC provided in the invention can realize rapid, specific, and sensitive determination of the enzyme activity of PDHC in a sample. Based on the method, the reagent for determining the enzyme activity of PDHC provided by the invention has the characteristics of convenience, rapidness, and high sensitivity, and facilitates popularization and application.

Microbial production of pyruvate and metabolites derived from pyruvate in cells exhibiting reduced pyruvate dehydrogenase activity compared to wild-type cells. Acetate and glucose are supplied as a carbon sources.

The present invention is a system capable of increasing retinal and neural glucose oxidation by enhancing pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and therefore treats retinopathy and central nervous system disorders in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. The current invention is a system of the treating of eye and nerve diseases using insulin pulses to a patient utilizing Chronic Intermittent Intravenous Insulin Therapy to achieve an increase in retinal and neural glucose oxidation by enhancing pryuvate dehydrogenase activity, therefore treating retinopathy and central nervous system disorders in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

The present invention provides a method and pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating the development of syndromes related to dysfunctional energy metabolism, such as neuropathy, spontaneous nocturnal muscle cramps associated with neuropathy, seizuring, diabetes mellitus; pediatric hypoglycemia; myopathy; muscle fatigue; muscle spasms; somnolence; reduced mental acuity; exercise intolerance and myocardial insufficiency, which are due to cofactor deficiencies associated with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the alpha-ketogluterate dehydrogenase (a-ketogluterate dehydrogenase) complex in humans or other mammals in need thereof. In particular, a method of preventing or treating at least one syndrome related to defective glucose metabolism in humans or other mammals is provided comprised of administering a combination of enzyme cofactors containing therapeutically effective amounts of thioctic acid, niacinamide, pantothenate, riboflavin and thiamine. Also provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprised of a carrier and the combination of cofactors.

A pharmaceutically-acceptable modulator of the regulation or perturbation of the structure, expression, and/or activity of at least one enzyme and/or enzyme complex, or subunit thereof, such as via the altered mitochondrial energy metabolism of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and methods of use thereof, comprises an effective amount of at least one lipoic acid derivative and at least one pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier thereof to affect the complex's phosphorylation state. By increasing PDH kinase activity and/or decreasing PDH phosphatase activity, the modulator prevents the detoxification anaerobic glycolytic toxic metabolites through inhibition of the activity of the PDH complex's El a subunit, obliging increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activity. As cells characterized by hyperproliferation, such as tumor cells, cannot also generate acetyl-CoA and NADH because of the modulator's additional action in inhibiting the action of the PDH complex's E2 subunit, the mitochondrial membrane polarization is lost, facilitating cell death.

The invention provides a compound and a preparation method and an application thereof, in particular a compound as shown in a formula I or a stereisomer, a geometrical isomer, tautomer, a despinner, anitric oxide, a hydrate, a solvate and pharmaceutical acceptable salt, wherein R1 is hydrogen or halogen and X is C or N; and R2 is a mono-substituent or a poly-substituent in any positions of a benzene ring, and the substituents can be same or different. The compound can be used for inhibiting growth of algae. The formula I is as shown in the description.

The present invention discloses one kind of rape pyruvic dehydrogenase kinase gene and its application in rape, and relates to gene engineering technology. The gene has nucleotide sequence coding the protein kinase catalysis area and mitochondrion locating sequence SEQ ID No. 1. The application of the gene in rape includes: 1. providing one kind of vector including proper promoter and translation controlling part; 2. providing one kind of host bacteria capable of being expressed in plant; 3. providing one method of introducing the vector to the plant cell; 4. providing one kind of plant transformed with the vector containing pyruvic dehydrogenase kinase gene; and 5. providing one transgenic rape capable of inhibiting the expression of rape pyruvic dehydrogenase kinase gene. The transgenic rape exhibits early blooming character, shortened growth period, and increased seed yield and oil bearing rate.

The present invention provides a method for decreasing pyruvate catabolism and increasing the accumulation of pyruvate in microbes. By overexpressing wild type dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase or dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase mutants which have mutations at conservative active sites, the present invention provide a method to decrease overall activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and pyruvate catabolism, and thus increase the accumulation of extracellular pyruvate without killing the pyruvate-producing microbes. Overexpressing dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase mutants is an effective way to increase pyruvate accumulation.