The invention discloses a direct liquid cooling high-power laser gain device based on a fuel injection pump, which relates to the technical field of high-energy laser. The gain device comprises a gainmedium for acquiring a laser gain, a device inner frame, laser cooling liquid, a cooling liquid inlet, a cooling liquid outlet, a device outer frame, a fuel nozzle for injecting fuel and realizing combustion, an ignition plug, a high-speed airflow inlet, a waste gas exhaust port and a combustion chamber for fuelcombustion. Compared with the prior art, the inner frame and the outer frame of the device are separated, meanwhile, controllable combustion of fuel in the open type combustion cavity can be achieved by designing the proper injection amount, injection angle and ignition time, and the uniformity and strength of optical pumping are guaranteed. On the other hand, the laser gain medium is cooled in a direct liquid cooling mode, effective thermal management is guaranteed, continuous high-power laser output can be achieved, the output laser beam quality is good, and meanwhile the device is compact, small and exquisite and can be used in various application scenes.