The invention relates to a garbage treatment fermentation device. The garbage treatment fermentation device comprises a dehydration feeding device, a vertical feeding device, a circulating stirring device, a fermentation bin and a circulating discharging device, wherein the vertical feeding device comprises a feeding cylinder body, the upper end of the feeding cylinder body is inserted into the fermentation bin, a transmission shaft penetrating through the cylinder body is arranged in the center of the feeding cylinder body, the transmission shaft is provided with auger blades from bottom to top, a feeding port is formed in one side of the lower part of the feeding cylinder body, the feeding port is in butt joint with an outlet of the dehydration feeding device, the circulating stirring device is arranged in the fermentation bin and comprises a central rotating shaft, the lower part of the central rotating shaft is connected with a plurality of stirring arms, the stirring arms are distributed in a multi-claw type structure, a discharging port is formed in the bottom of one side of the fermentation bin, and the discharging port is in butt joint with the circulating discharging device. The garbage treatment fermentation device is compact in overall equipment structure, the occupied area is reduced, the conveying is stable, and the dehydration and fermentation effects can be improved.