260results about How to "Speed up chemical reactions" patented technology

A method of fabricating an integrated circuit on a silicon carbide substrate is disclosed that eliminates wire bonding that can otherwise cause undesired inductance. The method includes fabricating a semiconductor device on a first surface of a silicon carbide substrate and with at least one metal contact for the device on the first surface of the substrate. The opposite, second surface of the substrate is then ground and polished until it is substantially transparent. The method then includes masking the polished second surface of the silicon carbide substrate to define a predetermined location for a via that is opposite the device metal contact on the first surface; etching the desired via through the desired masked location until the etch reaches the metal contact on the first surface; and metallizing the via to provide an electrical contact from the second surface of the substrate to the metal contact and to the device on the first surface of the substrate.

The present invention relates to a method for the preparation of compound of microarray chips, especially the method by repeatedly impressing reagents at fixed locations on a substrate to synthesize said chips; and also realtes to a compound microarray chips produced according to said method.

A method for hydrodesulfurization by forming a dispersion comprising hydrogen-containing gas bubbles with a mean diameter of less than 1 micron dispersed in a liquid phase comprising sulfur-containing compounds. Desulfurizing a liquid stream comprising sulfur-containing compounds by subjecting a fluid mixture comprising hydrogen-containing gas and the liquid to a shear rate greater than 20,000 s⁻¹ to produce a dispersion of hydrogen in a continuous phase of the liquid and introducing the dispersion into a fixed bed hydrodesulfurization reactor from which a reactor product is removed. Systems of apparatus for hydrodesulfurization are also presented.

A device and method a provided for mixing and enhancing reaction between oil and a non-oil liquid by exploiting the formation, implosion and explosion of numerous cavitation bubbles within a cavitation device. Intense localized energy from the collapse of the cavitation bubbles subjects the mixture to intense heat and pressure, thereby accelerating reaction between the oil and non-oil liquid. In one embodiment, the non-oil liquid is an alcohol, and the cavitation device is used to enhance a transesterification reaction to convert the oil and alcohol into biodiesel in the presence of a catalyst.

The present invention aims at: providing an accelerated reaction in a liquid-phase reaction; forming, by way of the reaction, a metal oxide nanoparticle and carbon that carries the metal oxide nanoparticle in a highly dispersed state; and providing an electrode containing the carbon and an electrochemical device using the electrode. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, shear stress and centrifugal force are applied to the reactant in the rotating reactor so that an accelerated chemical reaction is attained in the course of the reaction. Further, the carbon carrying a metal oxide nanoparticle in a highly dispersed state comprises: a metal oxide nanoparticle produced by the accelerated chemical reaction, wherein shear stress and centrifugal force are applied to a reactant in a rotating reactor in the course of the reaction; and carbon dispersed in the rotating reactor by applying shear stress and centrifugal force. An electrochemical device produced by using the carbon carrying the metal oxide nanoparticle as an electrode has high output and high capacity characteristics.

Method for densifying porous carbon preforms. The method including: providing an apparatus charged with at least one stack of annular porous carbon-carbon composite preforms, the preforms being separated from one another by spacers emanating from a passive heat distribution element centrally located within a cylindrical space formed by the stack of annular preforms; locating the charged apparatus in a furnace at a temperature of 950-1100° C. and a pressure of 5-40 torr; and circulating a carbon-containing gas reactant through the apparatus for 150 to 900 hours. Also, an apparatus for practicing this method. The preforms are densified with less physical damage due to the weight of the preforms being treated than are preforms made by otherwise identical processes that do not separate preforms from the preforms immediately above and below them by spacer elements comprising tabs or shelves emanating from a central passive heat distribution structural member.

The invention relates to an atmospheric plasma buffing attachment. The invention aims to overcome shortcomings in normal mechanical buffing process and solve problems of low efficiency, damage for surface and semi-surface and hardness for clean in process of preparing ultra-smooth surface with fragile material such as silicon carbide. The main components comprise: sealed working capsule (51), plasma torch (53), the first linked system (52), the second linked system (57), the first flow quantity controller (60), the second flow quantity controller (65), reacting gas bottle (61), plasma gas bottle (62), and gas recycle treating device (63); the plasma torch is installed on the first linked system. The ultra-smooth surface is realized under normal pressure through plasma chemical reaction, which can reduce device cost and enlarge application range. The working efficiency is ten times than that of traditional method, and there is no surface damage and no surface pollution.

Chemical reaction is effected utilizing light of an appropriate frequency supplied preferably via optical fibers to one or more light extractors having light-emissive surfaces in contact with reactants. The light can be concentrated before being delivered. Wave guides and a plurality of such extractors can be provided within the vessel.

The invention relates to a ultrasonic oxidization sewage treatment process which is aimed at solving the problem of unsatisfactory treatment effects to COD, BOD, SS, N, P, chromaticity and various hard-degradable organics in the conventional sewage treatment methods, the process according to the invention comprises the steps of, (1) water pretreatment, (2) subjecting the pretreated water to ultrasonic treatment, (3) subjecting the treated water to post-treatment, high-grade oxidation treatment can be added to each or any one of the steps.

Tooth whitening device for whitening teeth using sonochemistry includes a body, and an ultrasonic transducer provided in the body. The ultrasonic transducer is configured for producing ultrasonic waves in the range of 20-100 kHz, and good results have been achieved with ultrasonic waves at a frequency of 40 kHz. There is an ultrasonic horn provided on the body, and the ultrasonic horn is operatively connected with the ultrasonic transducer. A liquid retaining element is provided on the ultrasonic horn, and the liquid retaining element is configured for retaining a liquid tooth whitening composition against a user's teeth. The liquid retaining element may be a sponge or a replaceable pad, such as a foam pad.

The present invention relates to an optical imaging system communicatively connected to a microwave energy producing source wherein the combination provides for increases in chemical reaction times and the ability to monitor the reactions in real time with sufficient resolution to view the location of intracellular components labeled with luminescent molecules as well as interaction with other biomolecules and responses to localized environmental variables in living cells and tissues during the application of a microwave field.

A method for introducing inhibitor into a fluid to be treated by forming a dispersion comprising droplets, particles, or gas bubbles of the inhibitor dispersed in a continuous phase of a carrier, wherein the droplets, particles, or gas bubbles have a mean diameter of less than 5 μm, and wherein either the carrier is the fluid to be treated or the method further comprises introducing the dispersion into the fluid to be treated. A system for inhibiting an undesirable component, the system comprising at least one high shear mixing device comprising at least one generator comprising a rotor and a stator separated by a shear gap, wherein the high shear mixing device is capable of producing a tip speed of the rotor of greater than 22.9 m/s, and a pump for delivering a mixture of a carrier and an inhibitor to the high shear mixing device.

The invention relates to a deep processing preparation technology of a fine chemical catalyst, in particular to a method using microwave irradiation to prepare rosin glyceride, especially using a microwave solid phase method to prepare solid acid ZnO catalyst and catalyzing rosin esterification in a WF-4000C microwave reaction system to prepare the rosin glyceride. The preparing technical conditions of ZnO are that zinc acetate and oxalic acid are porphyrized and mixed to be added in a beaker and then put in a microwave reactor. At the radiation of 300-800W, the mixed materials react for 3-8min and are immersed by ethanol and washed. After two times of air pump filtration, drying at 100 to 180 DEG C is implemented for 1-3h. Roasting at 400 to 600 DEG C in a muffle furnace is implemented for 2-4h. The technical conditions of esterification reaction of rosin and glycerol comprise: the ratio of rosin to glycerol is 1.5-2 to 1 (mol); the catalyst amount of ZnO is 0.1-0.4 percent (basing on the mass of rosin); the microwave power is 500-1000W; the reaction temperature is 250-280 DEG C; the reaction time is 0.5-1h. The acid value of esterified products is 6-9KOHmg/g, the chroma (iron cobalt method) is 6.7-8.8, the softening point is 86-89 DEG C, the solubility (1 to 1 compared with benzene) is low, the specific gravity (25 DEG C/25 DEG C) is 1.082-1.088) and the ash content is 0.03-0.05 percent.

The invention discloses a complexing agent for removing metal and ash in coal tar and a use method thereof. The problems that in the prior art, the use amount of a demetallization agent is large, the removal rate is low, and functional groups are limited are solved. The complexing agent is prepared from, by weight, 40%-70% of active agent, 15%-35% of synergist, 5%-15% of pitch colloid dispersant, 1%-10% of corrosion inhibitor and 5%-20% of auxiliary. The complexing agent for removing metal and ash in coal tar is suitable for the fields of coal tar pre-treatment and deep processing. By means of the complexing agent and the method, the use amount of the complexing agent is small, removal efficiency is high, the preparation process is simple, and the use method is convenient.