263results about How to "Speed up chemical reactions" patented technology

A method of fabricating an integrated circuit on a silicon carbide substrate is disclosed that eliminates wire bonding that can otherwise cause undesired inductance. The method includes fabricating a semiconductor device on a first surface of a silicon carbide substrate and with at least one metal contact for the device on the first surface of the substrate. The opposite, second surface of the substrate is then ground and polished until it is substantially transparent. The method then includes masking the polished second surface of the silicon carbide substrate to define a predetermined location for a via that is opposite the device metal contact on the first surface; etching the desired via through the desired masked location until the etch reaches the metal contact on the first surface; and metallizing the via to provide an electrical contact from the second surface of the substrate to the metal contact and to the device on the first surface of the substrate.

The present invention relates to a method for the preparation of compound of microarray chips, especially the method by repeatedly impressing reagents at fixed locations on a substrate to synthesize said chips; and also realtes to a compound microarray chips produced according to said method.

The normal pressure plasma polishing method is provided. The normal pressure plasma polishing method includes providing plasma gas and reaction gas in the volume ratio of 4-1000; and starting RF power source and increasing power gradually while controlling the reflected power to zero, with the initial effective power being 180-240 W, normal power being 400-1200 W, and maximum power being 1500 W. The present invention realizes super smooth surface machining by means of plasma chemical reaction at normal pressure, and has no need of vacuum chamber, low cost, wide application range, high machining efficiency, no surface damage and contamination, and high surface smoothness up to 1nm Ra.

A method for hydrodesulfurization by forming a dispersion comprising hydrogen-containing gas bubbles with a mean diameter of less than 1 micron dispersed in a liquid phase comprising sulfur-containing compounds. Desulfurizing a liquid stream comprising sulfur-containing compounds by subjecting a fluid mixture comprising hydrogen-containing gas and the liquid to a shear rate greater than 20,000 s−1 to produce a dispersion of hydrogen in a continuous phase of the liquid and introducing the dispersion into a fixed bed hydrodesulfurization reactor from which a reactor product is removed. Systems of apparatus for hydrodesulfurization are also presented.

A device and method a provided for mixing and enhancing reaction between oil and a non-oil liquid by exploiting the formation, implosion and explosion of numerous cavitation bubbles within a cavitation device. Intense localized energy from the collapse of the cavitation bubbles subjects the mixture to intense heat and pressure, thereby accelerating reaction between the oil and non-oil liquid. In one embodiment, the non-oil liquid is an alcohol, and the cavitation device is used to enhance a transesterification reaction to convert the oil and alcohol into biodiesel in the presence of a catalyst.

The present invention aims at: providing an accelerated reaction in a liquid-phase reaction; forming, by way of the reaction, a metal oxide nanoparticle and carbon that carries the metal oxide nanoparticle in a highly dispersed state; and providing an electrode containing the carbon and an electrochemical device using the electrode. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, shear stress and centrifugal force are applied to the reactant in the rotating reactor so that an accelerated chemical reaction is attained in the course of the reaction. Further, the carbon carrying a metal oxide nanoparticle in a highly dispersed state comprises: a metal oxide nanoparticle produced by the accelerated chemical reaction, wherein shear stress and centrifugal force are applied to a reactant in a rotating reactor in the course of the reaction; and carbon dispersed in the rotating reactor by applying shear stress and centrifugal force. An electrochemical device produced by using the carbon carrying the metal oxide nanoparticle as an electrode has high output and high capacity characteristics.

The invention relates to a movable microwave emergency device for treating sewage, which comprises a carrier and a microwave sewage treatment system arranged on the carrier. The microwave sewage treatment system comprises a microwave reactor (2), a sedimentation filtering reactor (3) arranged on the lower part of the microwave reactor (2) and connected with the sewage outlet of the microwave reactor (2) through pipes, and a sensitizer arranged on the upper pipes of the microwave reactor (2) as well as an adding set (4) of other water treating agent. The movable microwave emergency device solves the technical issues that the current microwave sewage treatment system can not meet the requirement in terms of size for the vehicle and the utilization efficiency of the microwave is low. Particularly, the movable microwave emergency device is applicable to continuously treat the sewage generated by unexpected events and produced by enterprises with a little sewage producing quantity.

The invention discloses a carbon black reaction furnace and a carbon black production method. A spray gun for injecting hydrocarbon gas flow is arranged at the upper end of a furnace body in the reaction furnace; a carbon black outlet is formed at the lower end of the furnace body in the reaction furnace; an electric-arc nuclear zone is formed on the middle section of the furnace body; a plasma generator is arranged on the side surface of the electric-arc nuclear zone; and the plasma generator is used for generating electric-arc nuclear, which is formed by air plasma, at the center of the electric-arc nuclear zone. The carbon black production method is used for increasing the carbon black chemical reaction speed, improving the reaction yield, changing the reaction process and initiating new chemical reaction by adopting a plasma ultrahigh-temperature combustion technology, so that the carbon black microcrystal generation process is interfered and the surface roughness of the carbon black nanometer dimension is improved to obtain the carbon black product with the nanometer structure.

Method for densifying porous carbon preforms. The method including: providing an apparatus charged with at least one stack of annular porous carbon-carbon composite preforms, the preforms being separated from one another by spacers emanating from a passive heat distribution element centrally located within a cylindrical space formed by the stack of annular preforms; locating the charged apparatus in a furnace at a temperature of 950-1100° C. and a pressure of 5-40 torr; and circulating a carbon-containing gas reactant through the apparatus for 150 to 900 hours. Also, an apparatus for practicing this method. The preforms are densified with less physical damage due to the weight of the preforms being treated than are preforms made by otherwise identical processes that do not separate preforms from the preforms immediately above and below them by spacer elements comprising tabs or shelves emanating from a central passive heat distribution structural member.

The invention relates to an atmospheric plasma buffing attachment. The invention aims to overcome shortcomings in normal mechanical buffing process and solve problems of low efficiency, damage for surface and semi-surface and hardness for clean in process of preparing ultra-smooth surface with fragile material such as silicon carbide. The main components comprise: sealed working capsule (51), plasma torch (53), the first linked system (52), the second linked system (57), the first flow quantity controller (60), the second flow quantity controller (65), reacting gas bottle (61), plasma gas bottle (62), and gas recycle treating device (63); the plasma torch is installed on the first linked system. The ultra-smooth surface is realized under normal pressure through plasma chemical reaction, which can reduce device cost and enlarge application range. The working efficiency is ten times than that of traditional method, and there is no surface damage and no surface pollution.

Chemical reaction is effected utilizing light of an appropriate frequency supplied preferably via optical fibers to one or more light extractors having light-emissive surfaces in contact with reactants. The light can be concentrated before being delivered. Wave guides and a plurality of such extractors can be provided within the vessel.

The invention relates to a ultrasonic oxidization sewage treatment process which is aimed at solving the problem of unsatisfactory treatment effects to COD, BOD, SS, N, P, chromaticity and various hard-degradable organics in the conventional sewage treatment methods, the process according to the invention comprises the steps of, (1) water pretreatment, (2) subjecting the pretreated water to ultrasonic treatment, (3) subjecting the treated water to post-treatment, high-grade oxidation treatment can be added to each or any one of the steps.

Tooth whitening device for whitening teeth using sonochemistry includes a body, and an ultrasonic transducer provided in the body. The ultrasonic transducer is configured for producing ultrasonic waves in the range of 20-100 kHz, and good results have been achieved with ultrasonic waves at a frequency of 40 kHz. There is an ultrasonic horn provided on the body, and the ultrasonic horn is operatively connected with the ultrasonic transducer. A liquid retaining element is provided on the ultrasonic horn, and the liquid retaining element is configured for retaining a liquid tooth whitening composition against a user's teeth. The liquid retaining element may be a sponge or a replaceable pad, such as a foam pad.

The present invention relates to an optical imaging system communicatively connected to a microwave energy producing source wherein the combination provides for increases in chemical reaction times and the ability to monitor the reactions in real time with sufficient resolution to view the location of intracellular components labeled with luminescent molecules as well as interaction with other biomolecules and responses to localized environmental variables in living cells and tissues during the application of a microwave field.

The chromatographic reactor includes three or more packed columns cascaded successively. The inlet end of each packed column is connected via a separated switch-type valve to the inlet pipe for material liquid to enter and the inlet pipe for eluting liquid to enter; and the outlet end of each packed column is connected via a separated switch-type valve to the outlet pipe for residual liquid with enriched weak sorptive component from reacted product to drain and the outlet pipe for extracting liquid with enriched strong sorptive component from reacted product to drain. By means of controlling the switch state of the valves, the present invention performs, chromatographic separation and reaction simultaneously, so that the reactor can run continuously with high reaction converting rate and high produce separating efficiency. The present invention is especially suitable for chromatographic separation course of different products and of product and reactant.

Use of a high shear mechanical device in a process for production of acetyl salicylic acid, by contacting acetic anhydride with salicylic acid in a high shear device. The disclosed process makes possible a decrease in mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing production of acetyl salicylic acid. A system for production of acetyl salicylic acid is also provided in which a reactor is configured to receive the output from a high shear device, which is configured to receive, via one or more inlets, acetic anhydride, and salicylic acid and generate a fine dispersion or emulsion of reactants.

A method of processing lignocellulosic material includes the steps of comminuting the material to a size that it can be processed in a hydrothermal pressure vessel, drying the material in moving air to obtain a specific moisture content, packing the material into the vessel and subjecting the material within the vessel to steam under pressure, decompressing the vessel to return the temperature and pressure to ambient and drying the product to specific moisture content; the product so formed can be used for injection moulding or to form panel boards and the like.

The invention relates to a compound curing agent for dredged silt and a preparation method thereof. The compound curing agent for dredged silt comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of aluminum sulfate cement clinker, 30-40 parts of expandable graphite, 5-10 parts of organobentonite, 3-8 parts of pozzolanic material, 1-3 parts of calcined diatomite, 3-5 parts of enhanced aggregate, 6-12 parts of quicklime, 10-15 parts of sodium hydroxide, 8-10 parts of expansible resin, 5-8 parts of sodium silicate and 5-8 parts of carbon fiber. The curing agent provided by the invention combines the respective advantages of multiple traditional soil stabilizers, and the various effective components are organically combined together according to a proper ratio, thereby giving full play to the characteristics and synergistic action of the components. The curing agent provided by the invention has the advantages of favorable early strength performance, excellent strength stability, favorable water stability and the like, can obviously improve the properties of silt such as high water content, low strength and the like, and converts the waste dredged silt into a reproducible geomaterial for utilization, thereby achieving excellent curing effects and economic effects.

A method for introducing inhibitor into a fluid to be treated by forming a dispersion comprising droplets, particles, or gas bubbles of the inhibitor dispersed in a continuous phase of a carrier, wherein the droplets, particles, or gas bubbles have a mean diameter of less than 5 μm, and wherein either the carrier is the fluid to be treated or the method further comprises introducing the dispersion into the fluid to be treated. A system for inhibiting an undesirable component, the system comprising at least one high shear mixing device comprising at least one generator comprising a rotor and a stator separated by a shear gap, wherein the high shear mixing device is capable of producing a tip speed of the rotor of greater than 22.9 m / s, and a pump for delivering a mixture of a carrier and an inhibitor to the high shear mixing device.

An apparatus for processing a peripheral portion of a substrate includes a housing and a spin chuck mounted within the housing and configured to support the substrate in a substantially horizontal orientation. The apparatus also includes a fluid dispense nozzle coupled to the housing and proximate to the peripheral portion of the substrate. The fluid dispense nozzle is in fluid communication with a source of a chemical and configured to direct a flow of the chemical to the peripheral portion of the substrate located at a first radial distance from a center of the substrate. The apparatus further includes a light guide optically coupled to a laser source. The light guide is configured to direct radiation to the peripheral portion of the substrate located at a second radial distance from the center of the substrate greater than the first radial distance.

The invention provides a small-sized multifunctional online sample optical detection room which comprises a circulating detection pool, a constant-temperature ultrasonic water tank and an ultrasonic transducer, wherein the circulating detection pool is positioned in the constant-temperature ultrasonic water tank; distilled water is filled in the constant-temperature ultrasonic water tank; the lower 2 / 3 part of the circulating detection pool is submerged in the distilled water; and the ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the bottom of the constant-temperature ultrasonic water tank and connected with an ultrasonic generator. In the small-sized multifunctional sample detection room provided by the invention, an ultrasonic cleaning technique is used as reference; the circulating detection pool is installed in the small-sized ultrasonic water tank; the cleaning of the circulating detection pool and the stirring of the sample reaction system in the circulating detection pool are realized by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning and stirring technique; and simultaneously, because an ultrasonic water bath technique is adopted, the water bath constant temperature of the circulating detection pool can be realized, the detection room has the three functions of stirring, cleaning and constant temperature of the circulating detection pool, and the structure of the detection room is simplified.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a heterogeneous catalyst of organic coordination compounds of mesoporous structure metals, belonging to a preparation method of heterogeneous catalysts. Theterogeneous catalyst prepared by the prior art has the defects that the utilization ratio of surface active composition is limited, the direction of catalytic reaction can not be controlled easily, and the activity and the selectivity can not reach the optimal effect. In the invention, the preparation method of the heterogeneous catalyst of organic coordination compounds of mesoporous structure metals comprises the following steps of: mixing zirconium tetrachloride, 1,4-terephthalic acid and N,N-dimethylformamide solvent under the condition of microwaves, and stirring the mixture at room temperature until the solution is clear; adding the solution into a microwave reactor for microwave heating, removing the supernatant solution, and washing the residual solid matters with the N,N-dimethylformamide solvent; and drying the washed matters in a vacuum mode to obtain the heterogeneous catalyst. The invention has the advantages of simple process and easy operation; the prepared heterogeneous catalyst has efficient catalytic activity; and the catalyst can be recycled, thereby reducing the production cost and decreasing the environment pollution.

A method of use for a high shear device incorporated into a process or system for the production of acetaldehyde from ethylene as a reactor device is shown to be capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, by forming a feed stream emulsion, and thereby enhancing the acetaldehyde production process in the system.

The invention relates to a waste gas recovery system device of a noise elimination and air cooling static catalytic cracker of an internal-combustion engine, comprising a tail gas recycling device, atail gas recycling nozzle, a tail gas recycling connecting pipe, an engine exhaust system, an exhaust pipe, an air cooling static noise eliminator, an ozone generator, an air cooling static NOX catalyst, an exhaust flow divider, an air cooling NOX catalyst, a semiconductor refrigerator, an axial flow fan, an air cooling particle catcher and an air cooling static mixing catalyst. The waste gas recovery system device is connected with an air supplying system and an oil line system so as to form new external three systems. The invention is suitable for a plane, a steamship, a diesel engine generating set, an internal-combustion locomotive, a motorcycle, a gasoline car, a diesel car, an oil drilling diesel machine, an industrial boiler, a domestic gas cooker, and the like, has simple and convenient installation, i.e. an original system of the internal-combustion engine is taken down and replace with the new system, can save the oil by 15-30 percent without exhaust pollution, prolongs the service life of the internal-combustion engine, is a major energy-saving brainstorm project during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and is the major breakthrough of the waste gas recovery system--the reformation of the external three-system of an engine in 21 century.

A method for alkylating a hydrocarbon comprising at least one isoparaffin and at least one olefin by introducing liquid acid catalyst and the hydrocarbon into a high shear reactor, forming an emulsion comprising droplets comprising hydrocarbon in a continuous acid phase, wherein the droplets have a mean diameter of less than about 5 μm, introducing the emulsion into a vessel operating under suitable alkylation conditions whereby at least a portion of the isoparaffin is alkylated with the olefin to form alkylate, and removing a product stream comprising alkylate from the vessel. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

The invention relates to a capacitor coupling radio normal-voltage plasma saw used in ultra-smooth surface machining, especially providing a plasma polishing device. Wherein, the invention is purposed to solve the problems of general mechanical polishing method, as low efficiency, high cost and worse maintenance, etc. It forms a water cold annular space (13) between the outer wall of cathode (6) and the inner wall of outer sheath (9), and arranges the anode water cold tube (1) inside the chamber (16) of anode (5). The invention can avoid vacuum room, while its efficiency is 10 times of traditional polish method, and it will not hurt the surface. The invention can realize high-efficiency high-quality treatment on the optical element.

The invention relates to a deep processing preparation technology of a fine chemical catalyst, in particular to a method using microwave irradiation to prepare rosin glyceride, especially using a microwave solid phase method to prepare solid acid ZnO catalyst and catalyzing rosin esterification in a WF-4000C microwave reaction system to prepare the rosin glyceride. The preparing technical conditions of ZnO are that zinc acetate and oxalic acid are porphyrized and mixed to be added in a beaker and then put in a microwave reactor. At the radiation of 300-800W, the mixed materials react for 3-8min and are immersed by ethanol and washed. After two times of air pump filtration, drying at 100 to 180 DEG C is implemented for 1-3h. Roasting at 400 to 600 DEG C in a muffle furnace is implemented for 2-4h. The technical conditions of esterification reaction of rosin and glycerol comprise: the ratio of rosin to glycerol is 1.5-2 to 1 (mol); the catalyst amount of ZnO is 0.1-0.4 percent (basing on the mass of rosin); the microwave power is 500-1000W; the reaction temperature is 250-280 DEG C; the reaction time is 0.5-1h. The acid value of esterified products is 6-9KOHmg / g, the chroma (iron cobalt method) is 6.7-8.8, the softening point is 86-89 DEG C, the solubility (1 to 1 compared with benzene) is low, the specific gravity (25 DEG C / 25 DEG C) is 1.082-1.088) and the ash content is 0.03-0.05 percent.

The invention discloses a complexing agent for removing metal and ash in coal tar and a use method thereof. The problems that in the prior art, the use amount of a demetallization agent is large, the removal rate is low, and functional groups are limited are solved. The complexing agent is prepared from, by weight, 40%-70% of active agent, 15%-35% of synergist, 5%-15% of pitch colloid dispersant, 1%-10% of corrosion inhibitor and 5%-20% of auxiliary. The complexing agent for removing metal and ash in coal tar is suitable for the fields of coal tar pre-treatment and deep processing. By means of the complexing agent and the method, the use amount of the complexing agent is small, removal efficiency is high, the preparation process is simple, and the use method is convenient.