323results about How to "Erosion is good" patented technology

A method of fabricating an integrated circuit on a silicon carbide substrate is disclosed that eliminates wire bonding that can otherwise cause undesired inductance. The method includes fabricating a semiconductor device on a first surface of a silicon carbide substrate and with at least one metal contact for the device on the first surface of the substrate. The opposite, second surface of the substrate is then ground and polished until it is substantially transparent. The method then includes masking the polished second surface of the silicon carbide substrate to define a predetermined location for a via that is opposite the device metal contact on the first surface; etching the desired via through the desired masked location until the etch reaches the metal contact on the first surface; and metallizing the via to provide an electrical contact from the second surface of the substrate to the metal contact and to the device on the first surface of the substrate.

A reduced thermal conductivity thermal barrier coating having improved impact and erosion resistance for an underlying metal substrate of articles that operate at, or are exposed to, high temperatures. This coating comprises an inner layer nearest to the underlying metal substrate comprising a ceramic thermal barrier coating material, as well as a protective outer layer adjacent to and overlaying the inner layer and having an exposed surface. The outer layer has a thickness up to about 5 mils (127 microns) sufficient to impart impact and erosion resistance to the thermal barrier coating, and comprises a zirconia-containing ceramic composition having a c/a ratio of the zirconia lattice in the range of from about 1.011 to about 1.016 and stabilized in the tetragonal phase by a stabilizing amount of a stabilizing metal oxide selected from the group consisting of yttria, calcia, ceria, scandia, magnesia, india, ytterbia and mixtures thereof. This coating can be used to provide a thermally protected article having a metal substrate and optionally a bond coated layer adjacent to and overlaying the metal substrate. The thermal barrier coating can be prepared by forming the inner layer comprising the ceramic thermal barrier coating material, followed by forming on the inner layer the protective outer layer.

The invention includes systems and methods for heating a fluid and transporting the fluid at an elevated temperature. The system includes a fiber reinforced spoolable pipe. This spoolable pipe may include an inner layer, at least one reinforcing layer, at least one heating element, and at least one insulation layer. The heating element may be located external to the inner layer. The invention also includes methods of deploying and rehabilitating a spoolable pipe for transporting a fluid at elevated temperature.

A nozzle orifice of a nozzle 1 comprises a tapered segment 16 extending from an elliptical discharge orifice 15 and having a taper angle θ of 30 to 80°, and a large-diameter segment 18 continuing with the tapered segment, and scale on a steel plate is removed by discharging water from the nozzle at a distance between discharge orifice 15 and the steel plate of not more than 600 mm, a pressure of 5 to 30 MPa, and a discharge flow rate of 40 to 200 l/minute. The ratio of the inner diameter of large-diameter segment 18 relative to the minor diameter of the discharge orifice 15 is not less than 3 and less than 7. Also, the discharge flow from the nozzle spreads in a single direction (width direction) within a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the nozzle and the erosion thickness angle is 1.5 to 30 in the direction (thickness direction) perpendicular to the width direction. Such a descaling nozzle enables that scale is removed efficiently at low pressure and/or low flow rate while restraining the cooling of a steel plate.

This invention relates to substrate supports, e.g., coated electrostatic chucks, having a dielectric multilayer formed thereon; dielectric multilayers that provide erosive and corrosive barrier protection in harsh environments such as plasma treating vessels used in semiconductor device manufacture; process chambers, e.g., deposition chambers, for processing substrates; methods for protecting substrate supports; and methods for producing substrate supports and electronic devices. The dielectric multilayer comprises (a) an undercoat dielectric layer comprising a metal oxide or metal nitride formed on a surface; and (b) a topcoat dielectric layer comprising a metal oxide formed on the undercoat dielectric layer. The topcoat dielectric layer has an aluminum oxide content of less than about 1 weight percent. The topcoat dielectric layer has a corrosion resistance and/or plasma erosion resistance greater than the corrosion resistance and/or plasma erosion resistance of the undercoat dielectric layer. The undercoat dielectric layer can have a resistivity greater than the resistivity of the topcoat dielectric layer. The topcoat dielectric layer can have a dielectric constant greater than the dielectric constant of the undercoat dielectric layer. The undercoat dielectric layer can have a porosity greater than the porosity of the topcoat dielectric layer. The invention is useful, for example, in the manufacture and protection of electrostatic chucks used in semiconductor device manufacture.

Fibrous monolith composites suitable for use in high temperature environments and/or harsh chemical environments are provided, along with methods of preparation thereof. The fibrous monolith composites exhibit such beneficial properties as enhanced strength, corrosion resistance, thermal shock resistance and thermal cycling tolerance.

The invention is directed to an arrangement for the generation of short-wavelength radiation based on a hot plasma generated by gas discharge and to a method for the production of coolant-carrying electrode housings. It is the object of the invention to find a novel possibility for gas discharge based short-wavelength radiation sources with high average radiation output in quasi-continuous discharge operation by which efficient cooling principles can be implemented using inexpensive and simple means in order to prevent a temporary melting of the electrode surfaces and, therefore, to ensure a long lifetime of the electrodes. According to the invention, this object is met in that special cooling channels for circulating coolant are integrated in electrode collars of the electrode housings. The cooling channels are advanced radially up to within a few millimeters of the highly thermally stressed surface regions and are connected by necked-down channel portions which are arranged coaxial to the axis of symmetry and which are provided with channel structures for increasing the inner surface and for increasing the flow rate of the coolant.

Process for providing a protective coating to a metal surface by applying a nickel or tantalum plate layer to the surface and dispersing particles of a hard material such as diamond, alumina, vanadium nitride, tantalum carbide and/or tungsten carbide within the nickel or tantalum plate layer as the plating is occurring.

The invention relates to an environment-friendly high-modulus glass fiber composition, and discloses a glass component combination used for preparing the high-modulus glass fiber. The glass fiber prepared by glass components is particularly applied to preparing glass fiber reinforced plastic composite material with higher rigidity requirement. The glass composition has no emission of harmful gas, greatly reduces the emission of greenhouse gas, and is an environment-friendly glass fiber formula. The environment-friendly high-modulus glass fiber composition is characterized in that: a blast furnace slag preferably serves as one of major raw materials for reducing the operational difficulty and prepares the high-modulus glass fiber, and the high-modulus glass fiber can be produced and wiredrawn on a tank furnace having an electro-boost structure on a large scale by adopting a direct method. The fiber mainly comprises the following main components: 57 to 62.5 weight percent of SiO2, 14.5 to 19.5 weight percent of Al2O3, 16 to 23.5 weight percent of RO (wherein RO is the sum of CaO, MgO, SrO and BaO), and less than and equal to 1.5 percent of alkali metal oxide. The glass composition and the adopted raw material mode are suitable for the mass production under the production technological condition of the electro-boost tank furnace, and the glass composition has low production cost.

A thermal barrier coating (TBC) for a component intended for use in a hostile environment, such as a component of a gas turbine engine. The TBC exhibits improved impact and erosion resistance as a result of being a composite material consisting essentially of particles of a ceramic reinforcement material dispersed in a ceramic matrix material. The ceramic reinforcement material has a yield strength greater than the ceramic matrix material at about 1100° C., and the particles of the ceramic reinforcement material have an average maximum dimension of greater than five micrometers.

The invention relates to a gas-blowing and slag-removing device and a process, mainly solving the technical problems that the slag removing is difficult to realize and the slag-removing effect is poor in the existing slag-removing device. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the gas-blowing and slag-removing device comprises a gas-blowing mechanism, a hot-iron ladle and a slag-skimming machine, and is characterized in that the gas-blowing mechanism is fixed at one side of a supporting platform by a hinge base and comprises an oblique rail frame which is provided with a rail chain; the gas-blowing and slag-removing device also comprises a bracket which is level to the upper surface of the rail frame and is provided with a speed-changing machine; an output shaft of the speed-changing machine is provided with a first chain wheel matched with the rail chain; the rail frame is also provided with a clamping trolley which forms a moving pair with the rail frame; the clamping trolley is provided with a second chain wheel which is fixed together with the rail chain; a connecting rod positioned in the middle of the rail frame is clamped and fixed in the middle of the clamping trolley, and is equidirectional with the rail frame; and the lower end of the connecting rod is provided with a connector and is connected with a gas-blowing and slag-removing gun by a connecting flange. The invention is mainly used for removing the slag on the surface of hot iron in the hot-iron ladle.

A multi-track magnetron having a convolute shape and asymmetric about the target center about which it rotates. A plasma track is formed as a closed loop between opposed inner and outer magnetic poles, preferably as two or three radially arranged and spirally shaped counter-propagating tracks with respect to the target center and preferably passing over the rotation axis. The pole shape may be optimized to produce a cumulative track length distribution conforming to the function L=arⁿ. After several iterations of computerized optimization, the pole shape may be tested for sputtering uniformity with different distributions of magnets in the fabricated pole pieces. If the uniformity remains unsatisfactory, the design iteration is repeated with a different n value, different number of tracks, or different pole widths. The optimization reduces azimuthal sidewall asymmetry and improves radial deposition uniformity.

A coating for an article is provided to enhance vibration damping and fatigue strength, without diluting resistance to erosion, wear, and corrosion for metallic components such as blades, blisks, shafts and bearings of a gas turbine engine operating in a hostile environment. The invention includes a metallic substrate and a thin layer of magneto-mechanical material bonded to the surface of the substrate by a coating process. The coating material is made of the Fe—Cr—Al or Fe—Cr—Mo based magneto-mechanical materials and deposited to the surface of the substrate via a thermal spraying process in vacuum or in air. In order to achieve maximum damping capability and resistance to erosion, wear, and corrosion, several optimal compositions of the coating material in conjunction with new application methods have been developed. The coating is often very thin and smooth in order not to dilute aerodynamic efficiency and fatigue strength. The thin layer of magneto-mechanical material can also be applied and bonded to the substrate by a variety of methods, for example using a self-adhesive foil, made by Fe—Cr—Al or Fe—Cr—Mo alloys, on the surface of the substrate and via thermal spraying or physical vapor deposition processes.

The invention relates to preparation technology for a wear-resistant and corrosion-prevention protective layer of a metal component surface, in particular to a method for modifying wear resistance and corrosion prevention of a metal component surface, which solves the problems that a valve, a pump and the like in the prior art are short in service life and the like due to serious wear and corrosion. Firstly, a component in a needed shape and of a needed size is made of foamed ceramics and fixed to the metal component surface by means of mechanical matching, connecting, welding, adhering or inlaying; and secondly, high polymer mixing castables are poured into foamed ceramic meshes by means of normal-pressure pouring, centrifugal pouring, vacuum suction pouring or injection molding, the foamed ceramic/high polymer co-continuous composite protective layer is obtained after curing, vulcanization or solidification, and the protective layer is firmly combined with the metal component surface. After the inner wall surface of a steel pipeline in a desulfurization system of a thermal power plant is protected by the method, the service life of the pipeline is five times longer than that of an existing pipeline protected by a lining rubber pipe.

A gravel pack apparatus for a wellbore has a shunt tube disposed along the apparatus near a wellscreen. The shunt tube is typically composed of stainless steel and has an internal passage for conducting slurry. Along its length, the tube has flow ports for passing the conducted slurry into the wellbore. The exit ports can use erosion inserts composed of erodible material, barrier inserts having breakable barriers, flow nozzles with external sheaths or caps, erosion-resistant bushings disposed on the flow nozzles, etc. The tube can also include a tube body having the exit ports and flow nozzles integrally formed thereon. The tube body can couple end-to-end with sections of shunt tube.

The invention belongs to the field of novel refractory materials with a continuous casting function, and provides an oxide and non-oxide composite integral stopper rod for continuous casting. The rod body of the integral stopper rod is made of an aluminum-carbon material; the head of the stopper rod is made of an oxide and non-oxide composite material; the space between the rod head and the rod body is formed by a mixed transition material between the rod head and the rod body; and the rod head comprises 65 to 80 percent of electric melting magnesia serving as a main raw material and is added with 5 to 20 percent of non-oxide, 7 to 12 percent of graphite and 8 to 12 percent of phenolic resin. According to the stopper rod, the molten steel scouring and corrosion resistance of the rod head material during use is improved by adding the non-oxide, appropriately reducing the content of the graphite and fully utilizing the advantages of high melting point, low thermal expansion rate, high thermal shock stability and difficulty in molten steel infiltration of the non-oxide.