The invention discloses a method for synthesizing rosin or allyl ester which is rosin derivative, which comprises following steps: dissolving one of the rosin or the rosin derivative in aprotic solvent, adding acylate-chloridized agent, heating to enable reaction temperature to be in 0-85 DEG C, reacting for 0.5-5 hours, acylate-chlorizating carboxy group in the rosin or the rosin derivative, adding acid binding agent, polymerization inhibitor and allyl alcohol into the reaction product of the first step, reacting under 10-80 DEG C for 2-5 hours, removing the aprotic solvent, and obtaining the rosin or the rosin derivative, namely, allyl ester, wherein the using amount of the acid binding agent is 100-150% of the molar weight of carboxy group in the rosin or the rosin derivative and the using amount of the polymerization inhibitor is 1% of the allyl alcohol. Synthetical rosin or rosin derivative, namely, allyl ester, can generate radical polymerization and can be applied in the fields of coating material, cementing compound, printing ink, paper making and the like. The method has high technical efficiency and good product stability.