The invention discloses a control method for surface roughness of an aluminum profile after electrolytic coloring, extinction and painting. The control method comprises the following steps of 1, degreasing; 2, alkali etching; 3, neutralizing; 4, anodic oxidation; 5, electrolytic coloring; 6, sulfuric acid cleaning; 7, extinction electrophoresis; and 8, drying and curing. In the step 1, the concentration of H2SO4 in a sulfuric acid solution subjected to degreasing treatment is 20-100 g/L, in the step 2, the concentration of NaOH in an alkaline solution is 25-90 g/L, the concentration of AL<3+> is 30-80 g/L, in the step 4, the concentration of H2SO4 in the sulfuric acid solution is 150-180 g/L, the concentration of AL<3+> is 5-20 g/L, in the step 6, the concentration of H2SO4 in the sulfuric acid solution is 80-100 g/L, and the water cutting and draining time is 3-5 min. Compared with an existing control method for surface roughness of the aluminum profile after electrolytic coloring, extinction and painting, the control method has the advantages that after electrolytic coloring, the sulfuric acid cleaning process is added, particles on the surface of the aluminum profile after coloring can be thoroughly eliminated, and the smooth surface effect can be obtained.