30results about How to "Less harmful to the environment" patented technology

The present invention relates to improved chemical additives for use in hydraulic fracturing fluids for the recovery of oil or natural gas entrained in deep-layer shale formations. Many chemical agents currently in use in such water / sand (or other proppants) mixtures could pose human and animal health risks if these chemicals migrate from the shale beds into the environment contaminating the water table, rivers, streams and lakes. The fracturing fluid chemical additives of this invention are designed to be retained or anchored in or near the deep shale layers and are prevented, or greatly delayed from upward migration. Specifically, many chemical additives required for proper fracturing fluid performance can be chemically bonded to inert particulate materials before incorporation into said fluids. The fracturing fluid chemical additives are able to perform their function in the shale fracturing process, and then become nearly permanently trapped in the shale layers protecting the environment above.

An electromechanical connector for use between a power source such as a battery and a device requiring the power such as an automotive electrical system. In some embodiments, the connector includes a radius electrical contact constituting a primary electrical current path, and a band clamp with a slotted band constituting a secondary current path, and a worm drive adjustment assembly for symmetrically tighten the connector to the battery post. A kit is described having an electrical-contact conductor with a concave surface conforming to a battery post, and a band clamp to symmetrically compress the conductor against the post. Some embodiments provide a conductor that conforms to an outer portion of the post, and includes a band clamp mechanism with a band fixed at a non-moving end to the conductor, and at an opposite slotted end interfacing to a worm screw held against the conductor.

The invention relates to a polymer catalytic membrane containing a palladium metal activity functional layer prepared based on the technology of layer-by-layer self assembly and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the field of catalytic membranes. According to the invention, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), and a PAN flat base membrane is prepared by using a phase inversion process; then the PAN membrane is soaked in a NaOH solution for treatment, which allows surface of the membrane to hydrolyze so as to produce carboxyl groups, thereby enabling the surface of the membrane to carry negative electric charges; a polyethyleneimine (PEI) solution and a potassium chloropalladate K2PdCl4 solution are fully mixed and react for a certain period of time so as to obtain a coordination compound of polyethyleneimine-palladium (PEI-Pd(II)); the treated flat base membrane is alternatively soaked in a solution containing the PEI-Pd(II) coordination compound and a polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) solution for self-assembly of functional layers on the surface of the membrane, and the amount of the assembled layers is controlled; and finally, the membrane obtained after assembly is soaked in a potassium borohydride KBH4 solution, Pd(II) is reduced to be Pd0, and the PAN catalytic membrane containing the palladium metal particle active layer is prepared.

A photovoltaic cell structure includes a substrate, a metal layer, a p-type semiconductor layer, an n-type semiconductor layer, a transparent conductive layer and a high resistivity layer. The metal layer is formed on the substrate. The p-type semiconductor layer is formed on the metal layer and may include a compound of copper indium gallium selenium sulfur (CIGSS), copper indium gallium selenium (CIGS), copper indium sulfur (CIS), copper indium selenium (CIS) or a compound of at least two of copper, selenium or sulfur. The n-type semiconductor layer exhibits photo catalyst behavior that can increase carrier mobility by receiving light, and is formed on the p-type semiconductor layer, thereby forming a p-n junction. The transparent conductive layer is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer. The high resistivity layer is formed between the metal layer and the transparent conductive layer.

Xylanase or a cellulase for the manufacture of an agent for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of bacterial infection in an animal caused by Salmonella, Campylobacter or Clostridium perfringens. It is preferred that xylanase is used in combination with wheat to form an animal feed. Such a diet is particularly effective in controlling Campylobacter and Salmonella in chickens. The use provided by the present invention affords an alternative to antibiotics when controlling bacterial infection in animals. This leads to considerable health, environmental and economic benefits.

A spring powered engine comprising a first gear having a cylindrical outer casing with gear threads positioned on a radial circumference of the outer casing. A rotatable first gear shaft is positioned through the outer casing and a spring coil is disposed within the outer casing, the spring coil having one end fixed to the first gear shaft and another end fixed to an inner circumference of the cylindrical outer casing. A motor is provided to wind the coil spring, and the uncoiling of the coil spring rotates the first gear which, through a series of gears and pulleys, rotates a transmission shaft to power a vehicle.

In a first aspect, the present invention relates to the use of xenon in the preparation of a medicament for providing analgesia in a newborn subject and / or a fetal subject. In a second aspect, the invention relates to a method of providing analgesia in a newborn subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of xenon. In a third aspect, the invention relates to a method of providing analgesia in a fetal subject, the method comprising administering to the mother of the fetal subject a therapeutically effective amount of xenon for both the mother and fetal subject.

A method is provided for lowering the migration of a hydraulic fluid additive within a hydrocarbon-bearing formation penetrated by a well when producing hydraulic fracturing. Many chemical agents currently in use with water / sand (or other proppants) mixtures could pose human and animal health risks if these chemicals migrate from the shale beds into the environment contaminating the water table, rivers, streams and lakes. The fracturing fluid chemical additives employed are designed to be retained or anchored in or near the deep shale layers and are prevented, or greatly delayed from upward migration. Specifically, chemical additives required for proper fracturing fluid performance are covalently chemically bonded to inert particulate materials (e.g. silica having a particle size less than 2000 microns). The fracturing fluid chemical additives are thereby able to perform their function in the shale fracturing process, and thereafter become nearly permanently trapped in the shale layers protecting the environment above.

A radiative cooling substrate and a manufacturing method of the radiative cooling substrate are provided. The radiative cooling substrate includes a metallic substrate and a chitosan layer disposed on the metallic substrate with a thickness of 0.5 μm to 10 μm. The chitosan layer emits radiation within a waveband between 8 μm and 13 μm.

Provided is a process for the preparation of an N-substituted isothiazolinone derivative having the general formula (I), comprising reacting N-substituted 3-mercaptopropionamides of formula (II) or N,N′-bis-substituted 3,3′-dithiodipropionamides of formula (III) with sulfuryl chloride in the absence of solvents. Also provided is a process for the preparation of a compound having the general formula (III), comprising reacting a methyl ester of formula (IV) with an amine of formula (V) in a solvent of methanol. As no addition solvent is used in the process of the invention, the cost of manufacturing and pollution to the environment can be reduced.

Provided is a process for the preparation of an N-substituted isothiazolinone derivative having the general formula (I), comprising reacting N-substituted 3-mercaptopropionamides of formula (II) or N,N′-bis-substituted 3,3′-dithiodipropionamides of formula (III) with sulfuryl chloride in the absence of solvents. Also provided is a process for the preparation of a compound having the general formula (III), comprising reacting a methyl ester of formula (IV) with an amine of formula (V) in a solvent of methanol. As no addition solvent is used in the process of the invention, the cost of manufacturing and pollution to the environment can be reduced.

The present invention concerns a method for preparing 1,3,5-trioxane by trimerization of formaldehyde in the presence of methanesulfonic acid. The invention also concerns the use of at least one catalyst comprising methanesulfonic acid for the trimerization of formaldehyde into 1,3,5-trioxane.

The invention relates to a polymer catalytic membrane containing a palladium metal activity functional layer prepared based on the technology of layer-by-layer self assembly and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the field of catalytic membranes. According to the invention, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are dissolved in N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), and a PAN flat base membrane is prepared by using a phase inversion process; then the PAN membrane is soaked in a NaOH solution for treatment, which allows surface of the membrane to hydrolyze so as to produce carboxyl groups, thereby enabling the surface of the membrane to carry negative electric charges; a polyethyleneimine (PEI) solution and a potassium chloropalladate K2PdCl4 solution are fully mixed and react for a certain period of time so as to obtain a coordination compound of polyethyleneimine-palladium (PEI-Pd(II)); the treated flat base membrane is alternatively soaked in a solution containing the PEI-Pd(II) coordination compound and a polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) solution for self-assembly of functional layers on the surface of the membrane, and the amount of the assembled layers is controlled; and finally, the membrane obtained after assembly is soaked in a potassium borohydride KBH4 solution, Pd(II) is reduced to be Pd0, and the PAN catalytic membrane containing the palladium metal particle active layer is prepared.

The invention discloses a fluorescence probe for detecting a silver ion, and provides a preparation method and application thereof at the same time. The fluorescence probe can quickly respond and high-selectively detect the silver ion. The fluorescence probe for detecting the silver ion provided by the invention has a structure as shown in a formula 1. The probe provided by the invention can selectively react with the silver ion so as to produce fluorescence-emission red shift. The reaction is not interfered by other metal ions, a fluorescence-emission peak change can be produced within a short time, and the wave length of the fluorescence-emission peak red shift is in linear correlation with the concentration of the silver ion. The fluorescence probe provided by the invention only carriesout fluorescence reaction with the silver ion instead of other metal ions, so that the fluorescence probe has better selectivity and specificity.

The invention discloses a method for recovering positive electrode materials of waste lithium ion batteries based on a mechanochemical method, belonging to the field of recycling waste lithium ion batteries. Grinding the positive electrode material of the waste lithium ion battery into powder, and fully mixing with an activator and an organic reducing agent, the activator can generate active free radicals to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is ball milled to make the positive electrode of the waste lithium ion battery The material undergoes plastic deformation, and lattice defects are generated in the crystal particles, so that the crystal particles undergo crystal transformation or amorphization; the ball-milled product is added to deionized water to leach valuable metal ions. The method in the present invention does not rely on high-concentration strong acid, strong alkali, strong redox reagent or expensive organic acid, etc., and takes the mechanochemical reaction in the solid phase as the main body of the reaction to realize the waste lithium ion extraction in a mild leaching environment. Efficient leaching of valuable metals such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, manganese and other valuable metals in battery cathode materials.

The invention relates to a liquid laundry detergent composition suitable for cleaning textiles. In addition to at least one surfactant the detergent according to the invention comprises at least one water-soluble metasilicate, at least one water-soluble bicarbonate, at least one water-soluble glutamate and at least one polymeric rheology modifier in an aqueous medium. These components form a detergent framework allowing to reduce the amount of surfactant(s) compared to conventional liquid detergents, which is advantageous for economic, safety and environmental reasons, as less surfactants are consumed and subsequently disposed into wastewater to achieve the similar washing / cleaning performance.