The invention discloses a manganese-doped metal sulfide red fluorescent powder and a preparation method thereof. The chemical formula of MnxM[7-x]In28S52(SH)4.[H<+>-DBN]8.[H<+>-PR]4, wherein M is Cd<2+> or Zn<2+>, DNB is 1,8-diazadicycloundecylenic-7-ene, and the molecular formula is C7H12N2; PR is piperidine of which the molecular formula is C5H11N; and x is the doping amount of manganese, and 0< x<=7. The manganese-doped metal sulfide red fluorescent powder is prepared by a solvothermal process. Under the excitation of 350-550nm light, the fluorescent powder can emit red fluorescence of which the central wavelength is 610-650nm, and the fluorescent powder has high luminescent intensity. Compared with the traditional red fluorescent powder synthesis process, the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple equipment, mild reaction conditions, high preparation speed and economical raw materials; the reaction temperature does not need to achieve 1000 DEG C; and the method does not use any rare earth ion, does not need any shielding gas during reaction, and thus, is suitable for industrial production.