The invention discloses a clamping loading and sealing structure for capacitor sealing strength detection. The clamping loading and sealing structure comprises a clamping loading mechanism and a sealing mechanism. The clamping loading mechanism comprises a top plate, stand columns, a table plate, linear bearings, a chuck installation plate, guide shafts, a nut, a lead screw, a hand wheel, a clamp ring, a three-jaw chuck assembly and jaws. The sealing mechanism comprises an oil way connecting disc, a rubber plate, a filling piece and an expansion stopping ring. The clamping loading mechanism clamps an aluminum shell test piece, a trapezoid lead screw and nut mechanism drives the rubber plate to closely press the opening of the aluminum shell test piece to achieve end face sealing, the expansion stopping ring limits external expansion deformation generated in the hydraulic loading process of the aluminum shell test piece, and thus sealing is reliable. The clamping loading and sealing structure can be applied to aluminum shell test pieces of different diameters for sealing strength detection tests by replacing the jaws, the filling piece and the expansion stopping ring.