112results about How to "Minimises level" patented technology

A ballast circuit for a high intensity discharge lamp includes a boost converter, responsive to a dc input voltage, for providing a boosted dc output voltage; a boost controller, responsive to the boosted dc output voltage, for driving the boost converter to maintain the boosted output voltage at a predetermined level; a buck converter, responsive to the boosted dc output voltage, for providing a reduced dc output voltage; and a buck controller, responsive to the reduced output voltage, for driving the buck converter to operate the discharge lamp in a transition mode and maintaining the reduced dc output voltage at a preselected level for operating the discharge lamp in a steady state mode.

A package-board co-design methodology preserves the signal integrity of high-speed signals passing from semiconductor packages to application PCBs. An optimal architecture of interconnects between package and PCB enhances the signal propagation, minimizes parasitic levels, and decreases electromagnetic interference from adjacent high frequency signals. The invention results in devices with superior signal quality and EMI shielding properties with enhanced capability for carrying data stream at multiple-gigabit per second bit-rates.

A smoking article having one or more reconstituted tobacco split inner wrap strips is described. One or more split inner wrap strips extend coaxially along the tobacco column between the inner surface of an outer wrap of cigarette paper and the tobacco column. The tobacco blend includes burley and a second tobacco, such as flue-cured, oriental, Maryland, or rare and exotic tobaccos, and combinations thereof. This blend improves burley smoke character without increasing Hoffman analyte levels, especially tobacco-specific nitrosamines (i.e., TNSAs). A cigarette with an improved burley smoke character without increasing Hoffman analyte levels is also described.

Power sources are disclosed for electric arc welding or cutting processes, in which an interleaved multiphase switching converter is provided with a plurality of converter power circuits to convert a DC signal to a regulated signal suitable for welding.

A proximity detector employs a capacitive sensor, having: at least one detection antenna including numerous capacitive proximity sensors which each include a measuring electrode, the antenna being positioned close to an object or body; electronic elements for exciting the electrodes and processing the distance measurement signals originating from the capacitive sensors; and digital elements of controlling the electronic elements and of calculating the distances between the electrodes and the body or object using the processed measurement signals. The detection antenna also contains a single guard for all of the measuring electrodes. Moreover, the electronic elements have, for each detection antenna, a floating or floating excitation capacitive bridge which co-operates with polling elements in order sequentially to measure the respective capacitances between each electrode and the object or body to be measured.

An apparatus for diagnosing a breathing disorder of a patient that includes a first sensing system that determines a dimension, such as cross-sectional area, of a portion of the patient's airway and an internal load determination system that determines an internal load on the airway. A processing system receives the output from the first sensing system and the internal load determination system and determines a compliance curve that corresponds to a relationship between the measured dimension and a plurality of internal loads on the patient's airway. The processing system also determines at least one characteristic associated with the compliance curve. This characteristic is indicative of a likelihood that the patient suffers from a breathing disorder.

A system comprises an encoder configured to compress attribute information and / or spatial for a point cloud and / or a decoder configured to decompress compressed attribute and / or spatial information for the point cloud. A point cloud attribute transfer algorithm may be used to determine distortion between an original point cloud and a reconstructed point cloud. Additionally, the point cloud attribute transfer algorithm may be used to select attribute values for a reconstructed point cloud such that distortion between an original point cloud and a reconstructed version of the original point cloud is minimized.

Described herein are methods and compositions for treating an ER-related disease condition characterized by a mutation in the ESR1 gene by administering an estrogen receptor modulator. Also described herein are methods of treating hormone resistant-estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancers characterized by a mutation in the ESR1 gene by administering an estrogen receptor modulator.

The present invention relates to combinatorial gene expression libraries and methods for making these. Such libraries are useful in discovery of novel and / or enhanced metabolic pathways leading to the production of novel compounds for e.g drug discovery and / or to the production of known compounds in novel quantities or in novel compartments of the cells. The expression libraries in particular are composed of host cells capable of co-ordinated and controllable expression of large numbers of heterologous genes in the host cells.

The programming method of the present invention minimizes program disturb by initially programming cells on the same wordline with the logical state having the highest threshold voltage. The remaining cells on the wordline are programmed to their respective logical states in order of decreasing threshold voltage levels.

A check valve (8) and a booster (9) are inserted in parallel in a supplied fuel line (6) connecting a common rail (5) and an injection valve (7), a piston (10E) of a hydraulic circuit (10) is driven for positioning by a piezoelectric actuator (PA-1), the pressures in a chamber (9Db) of the booster (9) and the pressure in a fuel chamber (7G) of the injection valve (7) are selectively lowered by controlling the alignment state between ports (10Eb), (10Ec) provided in the piston (10E) to communicate with a low-pressure portion and an opening 10Aa of a first chamber 10A and an opening (10Ba) of a second chamber (10B) of cylinder (10C), whereby the pressure of the fuel supplied to the fuel reservoir (7B) of the injection valve (7) is rapidly switched to one or the other of high-pressure fuel from the common rail (5) and pressure-boosted high-pressure fuel from the booster (9).

A package-board co-design methodology preserves the signal integrity of high-speed signals passing from semiconductor packages to application PCBs. An optimal architecture of interconnects between package and PCB enhances the signal propagation, minimizes parasitic levels, and decreases electromagnetic interference from adjacent high frequency signals. The invention results in devices with superior signal quality and EMI shielding properties with enhanced capability for carrying data stream at multiple-gigabit per second bit-rates.

A communications headset with a movable microphone boom that extends to different distances from the mouth, where the movement of the boom operates electrical, mechanical or acoustic means to adjust the transmit and / or receive sensitivity of the headset.

The present invention relates to a housing assembly for computer hardware and includes side wall panels that define an outer casing that has an air inlet and outlet. The housing assembly also includes a fan and operation of the fan causes streams of air to enter and exit from the inlet and outlet and air to be conveyed within the outer casing to which heat from the computer hardware can be transferred. The housing assembly also includes a noise reduction assembly that includes a tortuous passageway through which air passing through the inlet and / or outlet passes. The tortuous passageway is configured such that sound that is emitted from the fan and enters into the tortuous passageway is dissipated therein so as to minimize the level of sound emanating from the passageway.

Systematic use of infrared imaging characterizes marks made on items and identifies the particular marking tool with better accuracy than use of visual imaging. Infrared imaging performed in total darkness eliminates shadows, glint, and other lighting variations and artifacts associated with visible imaging. Although normally used to obtain temperature measurements, details in IR imagery result from emissivity variations as well as thermal variations. Disturbing an item's surface texture creates an emissivity difference producing local changes in the infrared image. Identification is most accurate when IR images of unknown marks are compared to IR images of marks made by known tools. However, infrared analysis offers improvements even when only visual reference images are available. Comparing simultaneous infrared and visual images of an unknown item, such as bullet or shell casing, can detect illumination-induced artifacts in the visual image prior to searching the visual database, thereby reducing potential erroneous matches.

A wireless transmission system includes a wireless HDMI transmitter and a wireless HDMI receiver. The wireless HDMI transmitter includes a carrier oscillator provided for each channel of an HDMI transmission path to output a carrier signal in a millimeter band, an OOK modulator provided for each carrier oscillator to perform on-off keying modulation on a carrier signal outputted by its corresponding carrier oscillator, and an input circuit provided for each channel of the HDMI transmission path to input a digital signal outputted by a source device to the OOK modulator.

Milling strategies for machining dental ceramic materials are provided that reduce milling time while maintaining strength, accuracy and marginal integrity.

To accommodate the overlay of broadband information over narrowband bearers while reducing cross-talk in upstream and downstream directions, different baseband line codes are used to modulate respective upstream and downstream transmissions on a common wireline communication resource, such as a twisted copper-pair. In this way, filtering components located at each end of a connection can reject cross-talk based upon dissimilar signal characteristics that arise between wanted broadband signals having a first baseband line code and spectrally-shifted cross-talk emanating from interfering broadband signals having a different baseband line code.

In the present invention are disclosed concatemers of concatenated expression cassettes and vectors that enable the synthesis of such concatemers. The concatemer comprises in the 5′→3′ direction a cassette of nucleotide sequence of the general formula [rs2-SP-PR-X-TR-SP-rs1]n wherein rs1 and rs2 together denote a functional restriction site, SP individually denotes a spacer of at least two nucleotide bases, PR denotes a promoter, capable of functioning in a cell, X denotes an expressible nucleotide sequence, TR denotes a terminator, and SP individually denotes a spacer of at least two nucleotide bases, and n> / =2, and wherein at least a first cassette is different from a second cassette. The main purpose of these concatemers is the controllable and co-ordinated expression of large numbers of heterologous genes in a single host. Furthermore, the invention relates to a concatemer of cassettes of nucleotide sequences and a method for preparing the concatemers. In a further aspect, the invention relates to transgenic host cells comprising at least one concatemer according to the invention, as well as to a method for preparing the transgenic host cells. Finally, the invention relates to a vector comprising a cassette of nucleotides, a method for preparing said vector, a nucleotide library comprising at least two primary vectors each comprising a cassette of nucleotides, a method for preparing the library.

A reforming process in which a hydrocarbon feed containing aliphatic hydrocarbons is converted to a hydrocarbon product comprising an increased proportion of aromatics by passage over a reforming catalyst in a sequence of moving bed reactors operating under reforming conditions including moderate hydrogen pressure. The process is applicable when a former fixed moving bed reformer has been converted to moving bed reactor operation with the recycle and other ancillary equipment retained so that moderate pressure (hydrogen partial pressure at least 11 barg) is required, usually with a catalysts such as Pt / Re which tend to exhibit excessive hydrogenolysis activity in moving bed service. The recycle hydrogen stream is split with a portion going to at least one reactor subsequent to the first reactor.

An economical and simple method of producing para-menthane-3,8-diol in relatively high yield is disclosed. The product is useful as a repellent against noxious insects and other arthropods.

A method of regenerating N-Methyl-D-glu-camine-functional resin that has been used for boron-removal uses a closed recirculating loop for treating the conjugate acid salt of the N-Methyl-D-glucamine functionality of the resin. The new method reduces rinse water demand and improves pH control in a water treatment system. The new method can be used to improve the performance of boron-selective resins in stand-alone systems or as a second stage in a reverse osmosis seawater desalination system. The regeneration method is useful in any application where weakly basic anion exchange resin in the conjugate acid salt form is to be regenerated (neutralized) by alkaline treatment. Possible end use applications are in drinking water processing, agricultural water treatment, sweetener production, waste water processing, mining hydrometallurgy, and condensate polishing.

Gas is recovered from a landfill by introducing water into the landfill to promote digestion of organic matter in the landfill, and removing from the landfill gas produced by digestion. The improvement comprises the introduction of water as part of an aqueous foam, whereby the water is distributed more uniformly throughout the landfill. Iron salts may be included in the foam to eliminate hydrogen sulfide.

Apparatus and process for recovering elemental sulfur from a H2S-containing waste gas stream are disclosed. The apparatus preferably comprises a first reaction zone for carrying out the catalytic partial oxidation of H2S, a second reaction zone for the catalytic partial reduction of any incidental SO2 produced in the first reaction zone, and a cooling zone including a sulfur condenser. According to a preferred embodiment of the process, a mixture of H2S and O2 contacts a catalyst in the first reaction zone very briefly (i.e, less than about 200 milliseconds) producing primarily S0 and H2O. Some SO2 is also present in the first stage product gas mixture. A reductant gas (e.g. CO, or CH4 or natural gas) is fed together with the first stage product gas mixture to a second catalytic reaction zone where the partial reduction of the SO2 component to elemental sulfur and CO2 is carried out.

An electronic control apparatus includes a control circuit and has a power supply holding function whereby when a power switch-off command is received by the apparatus, the supplying of power to the control circuit is continued until it has completed specific processing, during a power supply holding interval. The duration of each such interval is measured and stored in non-volatile memory, and subsequently used for detecting any power supply holding function abnormality, and for ensuring that the specific processing is actually performed, and distinguishing between an abnormality causing premature switch-off and an abnormality causing failure to terminate the supplying of power.

A computer identifies computer software applications installed on a computer. The computer sends an electronic request to a program on a server computer that extracts information about the computer software applications identified having a vulnerability. The computer receives the information that is extracted. The computer generates an icon decoration for the vulnerability, wherein the icon decoration readily displays the level of risk associated to the vulnerability and information about a security update for the vulnerability. The computer adds the icon decoration onto each icon of the one of the computer software applications identified and each icon of electronic documents associated to the one of the computer software applications identified.

Milling strategies for machining dental ceramic materials are provided that reduce milling time while maintaining strength, accuracy and marginal integrity.

A tunable RF cavity resonator having reduced generation of passive inter-modulation, the tunable RF cavity resonator including a cavity body, a fixed tuning post at a first end of the cavity body, a dielectric rod in the fixed tuning post interior space with a first spatial gap between the dielectric rod outer surface and the fixed tuning post inner wall, a tuning screw connected to a first end of the dielectric rod, and a tuning element disposed on a second end of the dielectric rod so that the tuning element moves within the interior space of the fixed tuning post while maintaining a second spatial gap between the tuning element outer surface and the fixed tuning post inner wall. Accordingly, the tuning element forms a short section of very low RF impedance transmission line thereby preventing RF signal leakage through the interior space of the fixed tuning post.

An internal combustion engine is provided with at least one modulator for adjusting an air mass in a cylinder. It is also provided with an injection valve for metering fuel to which fuel is supplied via a fuel supply device. A maximum fuel quantity which can be metered to the cylinder per working stroke is determined. Depending on the maximum meterable fuel quantity, a maximum producible torque is determined. An air mass flow is determined depending on an air / fuel ratio to b adjusted and the maximum meterable fuel quantity is adjusted by controlling the at least one modulator for adjusting the air mass. The injection valve is controlled in accordance with the maximum meterable fuel quantity when the required torque is greater or equal the maximum producible torque.

The present invention relates to a housing assembly for computer hardware and includes side wall panels that define an outer casing that has an air inlet and outlet. The housing assembly also includes a fan and operation of the fan causes streams of air to enter and exit from the inlet and outlet and air to be conveyed within the outer casing to which heat from the computer hardware can be transferred. The housing assembly also includes a noise reduction assembly that includes a tortuous passageway through which air passing through the inlet and / or outlet passes. The tortuous passageway is configured such that sound that is emitted from the fan and enters into the tortuous passageway is dissipated therein so as to minimize the level of sound emanating from the passageway.