The invention discloses horizontal foaming assembly and disassembly equipment for water storage tanks of solar water heaters, which comprises a rail bracket, a left end and a right end foaming moulds of the coaxial-shaped sheath that are arranged in the middle part of the rail bracket, a positioning movable rotation sealing cover with a liner, a cantilever arm and a cantilever end rotation sealing cover, a sheath circle-checking device arranged above the cantilever arm and the cantilever end rotation sealing cover and used for installing and blocking and setting the sheath, a sheath bracket and a liner bracket which are arranged under the sheath circle-checking device; the left end and the right end foaming mould of the sheath respectively carry out the horizontal movement with the positioning movable rotation sealing cover with the liner, the cantilever arm and the cantilever end rotation sealing cover oppositely to the rail bracket; the sheath circle-checking device carries out the horizontal movements oppositely to the rail bracket; the sheath bracket and the liner bracket carry out the rotation oppositely to the rail bracket. The horizontal foaming assembly and disassembly equipment for the water storage tanks of the solar water heaters can complete the operation of the liner, the sheath assembly, the positioning, the mould sealing and the mould disassembly automatically, can realize the polyurethane foaming automation of the solar water storage tanks, reduce the material consumption, reduce the manufacturing cost, reduce the operation strength of workers, improve the operation efficiency and can improve the product quality.