49 results about "Boltzmann distribution" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for collaboratively searching for a multi-dynamic target in an unknown sea area by an unmanned aerial vehicle group based on enhanced learning. The method comprises the following steps: S1, dividing a searched sea area by using a grid method; to be specific, establishing a territory awareness information map based on the pheromone concentration of an unmanned aerial vehicle in a certain area; S2, according to unmanned aerial vehicle state information and a decision u(k), designing a Q value table; S3, according to a Q value of the current state of the unmannedaerial vehicle group, selecting flight routes of the unmanned aerial vehicles based on a Boltzmann distribution mechanism and performing the rotues; S4, according to a search performance function, designing a punishment function for evaluating the flight state of the unmanned aerial vehicle and updating a Q value of an arrival new state of the unmanned aerial vehicle group based on the punishmentfunction; and S5, updating the arrival new state of the unmanned aerial vehicle group to be a current state, making a flight route decision continuously, completing learning of the whole Q value table, and making a decision by the unmanned aerial vehicle group based on the trained Q table to complete the search task.

The invention relates to a signal generation method and device based on hybrid probability shaping and geometric shaping. The method comprises the following steps: generating an optimal geometric shaping signal constellation diagram; receiving an original bitstream; dividing an original bit stream into two branches; mapping the upper branch into a symbol sequence satisfying Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution through CCDM coding on the basis of a given probability shaping depth and an optimal geometric shaping signal constellation diagram; carrying out lDPC encoding on a combination of the symbol sequence and the lower branch to obtain a parity check bit sequence; combining the parity check bit sequence and the lower branch to form a folded index bit sequence; converting the symbol sequence into an amplitude bit sequence; and carrying out recombination and symbol mapping on the folded index bit sequence and the amplitude bit sequence to generate a hybrid probability shaping and geometric shaping signal. Compared with the prior art, the non-linear transmission damage resistance of signals can be effectively improved, and the transmission capacity and the transmission distance of an optical communication system are improved.

A hybrid computer for generating samples employs a digital computer operable to perform post-processing. An analog computer may be communicatively coupled to the digital computer. The analog computer may be operable to return one or more samples corresponding to low-energy configurations of a Hamiltonian. Methods of generating samples from a quantum Boltzmann distribution to train a Quantum Boltzmann Machine, and from a classical Boltzmann distribution to train a Restricted Boltzmann Machine, are also taught. Computational systems and methods permit processing problems having size and/or connectivity greater than, and/or at least not fully provided by, a working graph of an analog processor. The approach may include determining preparatory biases toward a first classical spin configuration, evolving the analog processor in a first direction; evolving the analog processor in a second direction and evolving the analog processor in the first direction until the analog processor reaches a second classical spin configuration.

The invention relates to a method for calculating unfrozen water content in frozen soil based on a theory of a clay colloidal chemical electric double layer, which comprises the following steps: (1) soil sample is collected, a particle analysis experiment is performed to determine the mass percentage of clay, silt and sand in soil; (2) a specific surface area A (i) S (/i) of the soil is obtained;(1) the concentration of the cation solution at the diffusion layer thickness x is obtained; (2) the unfrozen water content is obtained. Based on the electrostatic field Poisson equation and the electric double layer theory distributed by the electrostatic charge Boltzmann distribution, a theoretical formula of the unfrozen water content is derived, an empirical formula of the measured data and the existing unfrozen water content are finally combined, the theoretical formula of the unfrozen water content of conventional frozen soil with independent variables of soil type (specific surface area) and temperature is given. By the method and the device, the unfrozen water content of any conventional frozen soil can be calculated, the calculation is convenient, the effect is clear, and the influence factor is clear.

The invention discloses a preparation method and use of R-imazamox. The preparation method comprises the steps of: S1: dissolving Rac-imazamox in isopropanol to prepare a stock solution, utilizing a semipreparative chiral column OJ-H column, and using high-performance liquid chromatography for chiral resolution to obtain two enantiomers; S2: subjecting the enantiomers to nitrogen blowing, then using n-hexane for redissolving, and conducting electronic circular dichroism test to obtain spectral feature graphs of the two; S3: conducting conformational search on the standard structures of R- andS- in imazamox, carrying out geometry optimization on the obtained preferred conformations, calculating circular dichroism spectra of the preferred conformations, and then superimposing the spectra ofthe conformations according to Boltzmann distribution numbers thereof so as to obtain calculation spectrograms of R-imazamox and S-imazamox; and S4: comparing the spectral feature graphs obtained byexperiments with the spectrograms obtained by calculation to confirm R-imazamox. The method provided by the invention can rapidly prepare high purity and hundred milligram grade high efficiency and low toxicity R-imazamox, and the enantiomer representation method is more universal.

The invention provides a method for determining the convective heat transfer coefficients of a porous medium and relates to the technical field of porous media. The method comprises the steps that a random three-dimensional porous medium is generated on the basis of a process reconstruction technology and the equivalent diameters of support bodies forming a porous framework are obtained; a latticeBoltzmann distribution function of a temperature field and a velocity field is built on the basis of the migration and collision relation of fluid particles in a lattice Boltzmann model and the macrovariable of the fluid is computed; the Reynolds number of the fluid is computed according to the equivalent diameters of the support bodies and the macro variable of the fluid; the boundary distribution function is obtained on the basis of the boundary conditions of the lattice Boltzmann model and whether the condition of convergence is met is judged so as to end computing when the condition of convergence is met; the porposity, the Reynolds number and the Prandtl number of the random three-dimensional porous medium are fitted on the basis of the final temperature field distribution so as toobtain the empirical correlation of the convective heat transfer coefficients of the random three-dimensional porous medium. The method for computing the convective heat transfer coefficients is simple and has excellent universality.

The present invention belongs to aerosol filter and relative equipment detecting technology field, relates to a aerosol electrostatic eliminator, comprising an electrostatic eliminating box, high voltage electrical source output device, and two high voltage electrodes, the electrostatic eliminating box is arranged with an air inlet, an air outlet and a mixed air open, the air inlet position opposites to the air outlet, the two high voltage electrodes separately are fixed at two sides of the box, the box inner is fixed with earth-plate, the output of the high voltage electric source output device connect to the two high voltage electrodes. The present invention can balance charge of the aerosol under the condition without change the ratio of particle size shift, leading charge distribution to content Boltzmann distribution.

The invention relates to a dynamic probability 16cap mapping encryption method, and the method comprises the following steps: setting an initial value X(0) and a parameter u, and generating an outer-layer chaotic sequence; sequentially taking an element and a parameter u in the outer-layer chaotic sequence as secret keys, generating a plurality of strings of inner-layer chaotic sequences, and enabling the inner-layer chaotic sequences to be in one-to-one correspondence with time sequences; disordering the inner-layer chaotic sequence into non-uniform distribution conforming to Gaussian distribution through CCDM; and changing the occurrence probability of the 16CAP signal in each circle in the constellation diagram through the non-uniformly distributed inner-layer chaotic sequence, so thatthe probability distribution of the inner circle and the outer circle conforms to Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. According to the method, the non-uniformly distributed chaotic sequence and the signalare subjected to exclusive-OR processing, and the constellation point probability is dynamically adjusted, so the constellation point generation probability conforms to Gaussian distribution. The 16CAP signal constellation diagram inner ring probability is increased, the 16CAP signal constellation diagram outer ring probability is reduced, the effect of reducing the optical power and the bit error rate of a receiving end can be achieved, and the signal transmission rate is indirectly improved. According to the invention, probability forming is applied to chaotic encryption, so the security ishigher.

The invention relates to the resource allocation field of wireless networks, and particularly to methods of active pre-caching in heterogeneous wireless network and a device. Concernment on content pre-caching in wireless communication is caused for using renewable energy sources and saving traditional energy sources. The methods focus on the purpose of content pushing and caching for improving agreen energy source utilization rate and saving the traditional energy sources. State transition probability and future reward in a mobile environment are unknown, thus the methods utilize reinforcement learning to solve the problems of green-energy-source allocation and content pushing. Q learning is a model-free reinforcement-type learning technology, and can find a best action selection strategy in the MDP problem. A Boltzmann distribution method is used for updating the strategy, and the methods can obtain best action in each state according to a Q table after the Q table is stable.

The invention provides a method and a device for calculating electron energy level distribution of gas molecules. The method comprises the following steps: determining macroscopic parameters of target gas molecules in a one-dimensional flow field; the macroscopic parameters comprise the number density of target gas molecules of each node in the one-dimensional flow field; according to the number density of the target gas molecules, calculating the number density of all electron energy levels of the target gas molecules at an initial node in the one-dimensional flow field by using a Boltzmann distribution formula; determining the number density of all electron energy levels of a next node of the initial node according to the number density of all electron energy levels of the initial node, the convection term of the initial node and the excitation term of the initial node; and taking the next node of the initial node as a new initial node until the electron energy level distribution of the target gas molecules in the one-dimensional flow field is obtained. According to the scheme, the calculation amount can be reduced, and the calculation precision of the electron energy level distribution of the gas molecules in the thermodynamic unbalanced hypersonic flow field can be ensured.

The invention discloses a calculation method and system for particle energy level population in non-local thermodynamic equilibrium plasma, and the particle energy level population in the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium plasma is calculated by utilizing the following formula shown in the specification. Non-equilibrium bound state characteristic temperature capable of reflecting the degree of the plasma deviating from the local thermodynamic equilibrium state is introduced; derivation is performed to obtain an improved Saha equation; meanwhile, the non-equilibrium bound state characteristictemperature is applied to an existing Boltzmann distribution formula, and a modified Boltzmann distribution formula is obtained. The method is suitable for both local thermal dynamic balance plasma and non-local thermal dynamic balance plasma. For non-local thermodynamic equilibrium plasmas, due to the fact that an energy level population rate equation set does not need to be solved, rapid and efficient particle energy level population calculation can be achieved while certain precision is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a high-temperature gas measurement and calculation fusion method based on particle energy level population, which adopts the energy level population of particles such as atoms, molecules, ions and the like to characterize the state of high-temperature gas, and takes the energy level population as a measurement target of a high-temperature gas test research means and a calculation target of a numerical simulation means. Therefore, effective fusion of the two means is promoted, and a hypersonic high-temperature gas non-equilibrium flow research method is expanded. According to the high-temperature gas measurement and calculation fusion method based on the particle energy level population, the particle energy level population is adopted to represent the state of the high-temperature gas, the method does not depend on the equilibrium hypothesis that the particle energy level obeys the Boltzmann distribution function and is more fundamental than the temperature state parameter, quantum state resolution of the state of the high-temperature gas can be achieved, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. The device is more suitable for non-equilibrium high-temperature gas flow research.

The invention discloses a high-sensitivity up-conversion temperature measurement material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The general structural formula is MA2O4: xEr<3+>/yYb<3+>, wherein M is selected from Ca, Sr or Ba, and A is selected from La or Lu; x: y is equal to (1-15):20. The material adopts laser of 980nm as an excitation light source, and emits emission peaks ofthermally coupled energy levels at 540 nm and 552 nm respectively. By utilizing the fact that the number of particles on the thermally coupled energy levels of rare earth ions follows the Boltzmann distribution law, the layout of the number of particles and the temperature have a quantitative relationship, so that the measurement of actual temperature is realized. The method is extremely small inerror and high in sensitivity, effectively realizes fast response and real-time monitoring of subtle changes of the temperature, also has the advantages of simple preparation, ready availability of the raw materials, stability, reliability, low cost and the like, and is suitable for being widely applied and popularized.

The invention relates to a temperature measurement method and device, a temperature measurement sensor and a computer readable storage medium. The invention discloses the temperature measurement method and device and the temperature measurement sensor. The temperature measurement sensor comprises a pump light source, a temperature measurement material, a spectrum collector, a processor, and a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions. The temperature measurement method comprises the following steps: obtaining a plurality of emission peaks satisfying a Boltzmann distribution rule by using a PL spectrum of the temperature measurement material, wherein the plurality of emission peaks are derived from Stark split energy level transition radiation; calibrating response of fluorescence intensity ratio between every two emission peaks to different temperatures to obtain a plurality of temperature response functions; determining a use temperature range and a temperature measurement parameter of each temperature response function; according to an integration principle of optimal temperature measurement parameters in the whole temperature zone of the temperature measurement material, integrating the use temperature ranges of the temperature response functions to obtain integrated temperature measurement criteria associated with the temperature measurement parameters; and when temperature detection is carried out, determining key temperature measurement parameters, and carrying out temperature detection by using the temperature measurement criteria associated with the key temperature measurement parameters.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for stochastic optimization of a robust inference problem using a sampling device. Specifically, the methods and systems of the present disclosure enable smoothing of objective functions, thereby making such functions amenable to computation via stochastic-gradient methods using sampling in place of solving the inference problem exactly. Such methods and systems advantageously connect the gradient of the smoothed function approximation to a Boltzmann distribution, which can be sampled by a sampling device, such as a Gibbs sampler, using a simulated process and/or quantum process, in particular quantum-annealing process, thermal or adiabatic relaxation of a classical computer, semi-classical computer, or a quantum processor/device, and/orother physical process.

The invention discloses a highly-potent herbicide R-acetochlor and a preparation method therefor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1: dissolving Rac-acetochlor in ethanol so as to prepare a stock solution, then, carrying out chiral resolution on the stock solution by high-performance liquid chromatography, and carrying out separation, so as to obtain two types of enantiomers; S2: subjecting the prepared two types of enantiomers to electronic circular dichroism testing and vibrating circular dichroism testing separately, so as to obtain respective characteristic spectrograms of the two types of enantiomers; S3: carrying out conformation searching on standard structures of R-acetochlor and S-acetochlor, carrying out geometric optimization on obtained preferential conformations, calculating circular dichroism spectrograms of these preferential conformations, and superimposing the spectrograms of all the conformations according to Boltzmann distribution numbers of the spectrograms, so as to obtain calculated spectrograms of the R-acetochlor and S-acetochlor; and S4: comparing the characteristic spectrograms of the two types of enantiomers obtained in the step S2 with the calculated spectrograms obtained in the step S3, confirming the R-acetochlor. According to the preparation method, the time for separating acetochlor enantiomers is shortened, and highly-potent acetochlor can be extensively and rapidly prepared.

The invention relates to a malicious interference-oriented unmanned aerial vehicle group dynamic spectrum allocation method and system, and relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle electromagnetic spectrum allocation, and the method comprises the steps: initializing the channel selection probability of a jammer, and carrying out the channel selection according to the channel selection probability of a current period; initializing an unmanned aerial vehicle user channel allocation probability, and performing channel allocation according to the channel allocation probability of the current time slot tau; calculating own utility; updating the channel allocation probability of the tau + 1 time slot; judging whether the unmanned aerial vehicle user is stable or not, if so, ending, and otherwise, returning to the step of performing channel allocation by the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the channel allocation probability of the current time slot tau; the jammer updates the Q value according to the benefit function; the jammer updates the channel selection probability according to the Boltzmann distribution rule; and when the channel selection probability pJ (t + 1) of the jammer is equal to pJ (t) or the maximum number of iterations is reached, ending. According to the method, the dynamic spectrum allocation of the unmanned aerial vehicle group can be realized under the malicious interference condition.

The invention relates to a screening method of a dye. After a dye structure is designed, an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of a dye solution is predicted, the color of the dye is determined accordingly, and the dye satisfying the requirements in color is screened; the prediction process is as follows: firstly, obtaining the conformation of dye molecules in the dye solution, then optimizing the conformation in a implicit solvent model by successively using a quantum chemistry program combined with a semi-experience level quantum chemistry method and a DFT-level quantum chemistry method, and finally drawing a conformation weight average spectrum according to a Boltzmann distribution ratio of the optimized conformation to obtain the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum; and a basis set cooperatively used with the DFT-level quantum chemistry method is a 3-zeta or 2-zeta plus diffused basis set. The screening method provided by the invention has good universality and is applicable to dyes of different structure types; and the accurate ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum can be obtained to accurately reflect the characteristics of the dyes.

The invention discloses a high potent herbicide R-napropamide and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: S1, dissolving Rac-napropamide into ethyl alcohol to obtain astock solution; and performing chiral resolution on the stock solution through high performance liquid chromatography to obtain two types of enantiomers; S2, correspondingly performing electronic circular dichroism and vibration circular dichroism test on the prepared two types of enantiomers so as to obtain spectrograms of the two types of enantiomers; S3, performing conformation search on standard structures of R-napropamide and S-napropamide; performing geometry optimization on the obtained preferential conformations; calculating circular dichroism spectra of the preferential conformations;and overlapping the spectra of each conformation based on related Boltzmann distribution number to obtain calculation spectra of R-napropamide and S-napropamide; and S4, comparing the spectrograms ofthe two types of enantiomers with the calculating map obtained in step S3, and determining the R-napropamide. According to the method, the time of separating enantiomers of napropamide is decreased,and high potent napropamide can be quickly massively prepared.